Michael Bohm

..The mechanism of beta-blocker effects in heart failure are cardiac protection from beta1-adrenoceptor overstimulation, antiarrhythmic effects, reduction in heart rate and positive energetic effects or a combination thereof...

..There was no compensatory change in FSH or LH. It is concluded that pravastatin does not alter steroid hormones or gonadotropins in a clinically applicable dose, which significantly reduces total and LDL cholesterol...

..Further clinical and mechanistic studies to clarify the pathophysiological background are needed to fully define the role of heart rate reduction in the broad spectrum of cardiovascular interventions...

..The effects of treatment with telmisartan and ramipril, alone or in combination, including a telmisartan versus placebo arm will be determined prospectively during a follow-up of 4 years...

..Treatment has to be adjusted to current guidelines. The state of the art of medical treatment of chronic heart failure is addressed in this report...

..Since there are no safety data on the use of statins in chronic heart failure, a controlled randomized and placebo-controlled trial is urgently needed...

..Therefore, a controlled randomized trial with perioperative beta-blocker treatment in heart failure patients is warranted to further test this hypothesis...

..The characterization of the underlying mechanisms can offer potential new strategies of the treatment of these malignant condition...

..To determine the effect of heart rate reduction with ivabradine on atherosclerotic lesions and erectile dysfunction...

..We aimed to study the role of Rac1 GTPase in atrial fibrillation (AF)...

..This result emphasizes the beneficial effect of inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system even in terms of erectile function...

..Heart failure is often treated with ACE inhibitors and diuretics although diuretic treatment could activate the renin-angiotensin system (RAS)...

..This study presents long-term clinical follow-up, including binary restenosis rate and major adverse cardiovascular events, of the PACCOCATH-ISR (Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis by Paclitaxel Coated PTCA Balloons) I and II trial...

..This study investigates the time-dependent influence on growth and motility of paclitaxel and sirolimus alone and combined with the coating additive iopromide on EPC and hCASMC...

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..However, their effects on blood monocytes, endothelial function, atherogenesis, and sterol tissue concentrations are poorly understood...

..PPAR-γ agonists may mediate vascular effects in addition to insulin sensitizing. We therefore examined whether pioglitazone regulates vascular telomere biology...

..This study examines the effects of exercising on vascular telomere biology and endothelial apoptosis in mice and the effects of long-term endurance training on telomere biology in humans...

..We hypothesized that ACE inhibitors may exert beneficial effects during pressure-induced myocardial hypertrophy by regulating progenitor cell function...

..The small GTPase Rac1 seems to play a role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of the present study was to characterize the effects of Rac1 overexpression on atrial electrophysiology...

..DEB were found to effectively reduce neointimal proliferation regardless of inflation time and dose within the tested range. No adverse reactions were seen as dose was increased to more than three times the clinically tested dose...

..The aim of the present study was to evaluate markers of cholesterol metabolism and determine their relationship with CVD in patients without diabetes mellitus who were not receiving statin treatment...

..The aim of this study was to test a novel taxane-contrast agent formulation for this new approach in the setting of coronary stenting...

..Renal denervation displays antiarrhythmic effects by reducing NTP-induced AERP shortening and inhibits postapneic BP rises associated with obstructive events...

..Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate differences in cholesterol metabolism in relation to vascular diseases in this subset of patients...

..The underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. An important source of vascular ROS is the NADPH oxidase...

..We are presenting an extension of a previously published trial on the efficacy and safety of a paclitaxel-coated balloon in coronary ISR in a larger patient population and after a complete follow-up of 2 years...

..The effect represents a potential regenerative mechanism in atherosclerosis and is observed in normoglycemic individuals with stable coronary artery disease...

..Aliskiren increased number and function of PAC in mice and prevented atherosclerotic lesion formation. The effects were observed independent of blood pressure lowering...

..In cardiac fibroblasts, Rac1 GTPase mediates upregulation of fibronectin via LOX and CTGF. Inhibition of this signaling pathway may therefore represent a target for the prevention of fibrotic atrial remodeling...

..We hypothesized that selective heart rate reduction may influence endothelial function and atherogenesis and tested the effects of the I(f) current inhibitor ivabradine in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice...

..In patients in sinus rhythm (n = 18 900) the relationship between increased heart rate and the prevalence of MAU was analysed...

..Cognitive function and psychological co-morbidities are associated with hospitalization, disability, and mortality...

..This interaction of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 with the renin-angiotensin system may represent an important pathogenetic mechanism in the atherosclerotic process...

..These effects may be related to a reduction of ROS production, which is independent of heart rate reduction, because metoprolol did not increase endothelial function...

..This study sought to investigate the effects of interventional renal sympathetic denervation (RD) on cardiorespiratory response to exercise...

..The aim of the present animal studies was to evaluate the novel paclitaxel coated Coroflex. Please stent in the porcine coronary model...

..Heart rate can be easily determined during physical examination of the patient and therefore allows a simple hint on prognosis and efficiency of therapy...

..We studied the signal transduction of atrial structural remodeling that contributes to the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF)...

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..We hypothesized that eNOS of the bone marrow (BM) affects cardiac remodelling during myocardial hypertrophy via the regulation of BM-derived vascular progenitor cells...

..Further investigations by controlled, randomized studies are needed to definitively determine their role in the treatment of myocarditis...

..Functionally, ILK is necessary and sufficient for SDF-1-triggered migration and adhesion in EPCs. These data extend current knowledge about the role of ILK in EPC biology and implicate ILK as a therapeutic target in CAD...

..NADPH oxidase is a major source of ROS production. The small GTPase Rac1 mediates the activation of NADPH oxidase; however, the mechanism of Rac1 activation is incompletely understood...

..Although pro-inflammatory properties of angiotensin II as well as anti-inflammatory effects of AT1 receptor antagonists are well known, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood...

..It is unclear how rapidly the beneficial effects of statins occur in patients with ACS and whether these drug properties are related to lipid lowering...

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..In contrast to heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, large-scale randomized controlled drug trials for HFNEF are scarce and could not demonstrate mortality reduction so far...

..Collateral arteries protect tissue from ischaemia. Heart rate correlates with vascular events in patients with arterial obstructive disease. Here, we tested the effect of heart-rate reduction (HRR) on collateral artery growth...

..The aim is to determine whether β-blocker use at study entry and/or at discharge has an impact on 31- and 180-day survival...

..05), and tissue HCY (Co vs VitDef: 0.13 +/- 0.07 vs 0.07 +/- 0.04 micromol/g protein, P < 0.05) were lower in VitDef animals. Folate and vitamin B12 deficiency do not affect cardiac function and morphology...

..The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters for outcome in patients acutely admitted with myocarditis without previous heart failure who underwent endomyocardial biopsy...

..To investigate the relationship between microalbuminuria (MAU) and atrial fibrillation (AF) and to further evaluate whether the heart rate dependency of MAU in patients without AF is maintained in patients with a history of AF...

..Therefore, prospective clinical trials are needed to evaluate whether subjects with altered cholesterol homeostasis may benefit from treatment strategies that reduce cholesterol absorption in addition to statin treatment...

..The objective of this study was to identify the prognostic indicators in patients with suspected myocarditis who underwent endomyocardial biopsy...

..We determined prospectively the diagnostic value of virus serology in comparison with endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) including viral genome detection and immunohistochemistry in patients with clinically suspected myocarditis...

..We investigated the effect of catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation on glucose metabolism and blood pressure control in patients with resistant hypertension...

..We conclude that in both SDF-1- and angiotensin II-triggered signaling, ILK is a central mediator of rac1-induced oxidative stress and myocardial hypertrophy...

..Exercise is a central component of the primary prevention of vascular diseases. The effect of physical activity on circulating EPC in healthy individuals is not known...

..The Southwest German Interventional Study in Acute Myocardial Infarction (SIAM III) investigated potentially beneficial effects of immediate stenting after thrombolysis as opposed to a more conservative treatment regimen...

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..Furthermore, although ATP-dependent K+ channels (K(ATP) channels) are implicated in myocardial protection during ischemia/reperfusion ("ischemic preconditioning"), their role in heart failure has hardly been elucidated...

..Here, we determined the significance of this phenomenon on human beta-ARs in vitro and in vivo...

..Statin treatment improved hyperemic forearm blood flow and decreased serum markers of oxidative stress and inflammation...

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..Vascular effects of mental stress are only partially understood. Therefore, we studied effects of chronic stress and heart rate (HR) on endothelial function and cerebral ischemia...

..Rac1 GTPase gene-transcription and activity is regulated by 17 beta-estradiol, which may be an important molecular mechanism contributing to the cardiovascular effects of estrogens...

..Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are thought to exert beneficial effects on atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, and vascular repair...

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..Angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor activation is potentially involved in the multifactorial pathogenesis of atherosclerosis...

..The present study was designed to test the efficacy of paclitaxel added to the contrast agent iopromide in the prevention of restenosis...

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..In these patients who are intolerant to ACE-Is or who do not achieve blood pressure control, the ARB with the best evidence for secondary prevention is telmisartan according to the results of the ONTARGET trial...

..The aim of the present study was to evaluate a novel method of local drug delivery based on angioplasty balloons...

..The full text of this article is available online at http://www.circresaha.org...

..Vasodilatory therapy of Raynaud's phenomenon represents a difficult clinical problem because treatment often remains inefficient and may be not tolerated because of side effects...

..Bone-marrow-derived progenitor cells have been shown to contribute to endothelial homeostasis, repair, and new blood vessel formation. We therefore studied the effects of pressure overload on angiogenesis and progenitor cells...

..Hypercholesterolemia-induced angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor overexpression is thought to be a key event in the development of endothelial dysfunction...

..Statin treatment improves endothelium-dependent coronary vasomotion within 24 hours in the absence of significant cholesterol reduction. The full text of this article is available online at http://www.circresaha.org...

..Therefore, it was tested if these drugs inhibit Rac1 and RhoA activity in cardiomyocytes and, thereby, prevent angiotensin II-mediated expression of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and myosin light chain (MLC)-2 in the heart...

..Oral statin treatment inhibits myocardial rac1-GTPase activity. These data suggest that extrahepatic effects of statins can be observed in humans and may be beneficial for patients with chronic heart failure...

..Furosemide did not show the beneficial effects of ramipril on ECM remodeling but did not worsen LV function. Positive effects of furosemide treatment alone on LV remodeling and function were not observed...

..These comprehensive summaries should provide the readers with the most recent data on diagnostic and therapeutic developments in cardiovascular medicine...

..Further studies are needed to try to resolve this issue. In the meantime, the overwhelming data still support the use of ACE inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease with preserved left ventricular function...

..Treatment of coronary in-stent restenosis is hampered by a high incidence of recurrent in-stent restenosis. We assessed the efficacy and safety of a paclitaxel-coated balloon in this setting...

..4 +/- 10.1%, n = 4, P < 0.02) as well as in veins (73.5 +/- 6.3%, n = 6, P < 0.02). Sildenafil exerts potent vasodilatory actions but has no direct influence on human myocardial contractility or proarrhythmic effects in vitro...

..These vascular effects cause a profound blood pressure reduction and lead to decreased vascular damage in male spontaneously hypertensive rats...

..The effects are independent of changes in cholesterol levels and are equivalent or even superior to the protective effects by simvastatin and atorvastatin in this animal model...

..These findings may help to establish novel pathophysiological concepts and therapeutic strategies in the treatment of various cardiovascular diseases...

..AT1 receptor antagonism improves vascular function in postmenopausal women without HRT. Thus, AT1 receptor blockade may resemble an efficient approach for the prevention of vascular dysfunction in estrogen-deficient women...

..These effects of atorvastatin may contribute to the vasoprotective effects of statins...

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..This article attempts to summarize the current understanding of dyspnea, explain the essential underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, discuss the broad differential diagnosis, and suggest diagnostic algorithms...

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..The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the cardiovascular tolerability of iopromide, ioxaglate, and iosmin, and of a novel taxane protaxel, dissolved in iopromide, as a carrier, by coronary angiography and stenting...