W Rief

..The existence of distinguishable affective and cognitive components was confirmed...

..To compare causal illness beliefs between patients with unexplained physical symptoms and different comorbid disorders and to assess the association of causal illness beliefs with illness behavior...

..The aim of this study was to develop a scale to assess the different aspects of illness behaviour and to evaluate the measure in depressive and somatising patients...

..These results suggest different immune alterations in somatization syndrome and depression...

..The principal goal of this study is to examine the base rates of somatoform symptoms and of hypochondriacal features in the general population...

..To evaluate the possible biological aspects of 'unexplained physical symptoms', this study examined serotonergic and noradrenergic monoamino acids in somatoform disorders and/or depression...

..Therefore, the development of other psychometric scales is necessary for the evaluation of patients with somatoform disorders...

..A catastrophizing interpretation of minor bodily complaints found in hypochondriacal patients in earlier studies was also found for patients with multiple somatization symptoms...

..New criteria for somatization syndrome ("polysymptomatic somatoform disorder") are proposed taking into account for the strong association of somatization and abnormal illness behavior...

..The effects of heart rate and of feelings of tension partly replicated earlier findings, and demonstrated that physiological activity may interact with psychological processes in somatization...

..6-minute-walk-test). Overall, our study shows the necessity of the assessment of COPD-specific fears related to depression to guarantee an adequate treatment...

..Because these results do not confirm the idea of an independent gastrointestinal syndrome, general mechanisms of somatization seem to play the dominant role...

..Concluding, implications for the modification of assignment criteria are discussed...

..It was also investigated whether there were differential treatment effects between the traditional and behavioral-medical rehabilitation approaches...

..g. pain intensity and pain disability. This study was conducted to reassess whether these results can be replicated in an outpatient CBT setting...

..17, p<or=0.05, satisfaction with relationship: r=-0.10], suggesting good discriminant and convergent validity. The COPD disability index is a short, user-friendly, reliable and valid measure to assess COPD-related disability...

..DST results correlated with psychological aspects of somatization, but not with the number of somatoform symptoms per se...

..To investigate the stability of somatoform symptoms/disorders...

..Overall, the current analysis shows that an interdisciplinary perspective furthers understanding of the complexity of this condition and can inform public-health strategies on the prevention of adult obesity...

..Therefore, we assessed the positive and negative effects of informing obese people about the genetic etiology of being overweight...

..We conclude that psychological mechanisms such as expectation, distraction, and memory processes need to be integrated with biological models to aid understanding of MUS...

..The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of chronic fatigue (CF) and its association with somatization syndrome [Somatization Syndrome Index (SSI) 4/6: >/=4 somatoform symptoms in men, 6 in women] in the general population...

..Differential effects were obeserved for age, sex, and body mass index. Older and female participants showed a more positive attitude after the intervention...

..Using an intent-to-treat analytic strategy, both groups improved. Yet results showed a stronger reduction in doctor visits and somatization severity in CBT versus standard care...

..To determine public support of obesity prevention...

..The subscales Shame and Guilt showed differential correlation patterns to other scales. The WEB-SG is a brief, psychometrically sound measure for assessing body shame and guilt concerning weight control in obese individuals...

..OGM correlated with PTSD symptom severity, and measures of cognitive avoidance. The results are discussed with reference to current theories of overgeneral memory and its possible relationship with PTSD...

..Based on strong overall agreement with obesity prevention, addressing specific information deficits could enhance understanding of obesity and help sustainable implementation of preventive measures...

..Levels of efficacy (migraine: efficacious, level 4; tension-type headache: efficacious and specific, level 5) and recommendations for future research are provided...

..The aim of this study was to assess explicit and implicit information-processing bias for disorder-congruent information in SFDs...

..However, it is unclear whether HCU in somatizers and nonsomatizers in the general population is determined by existing symptoms or by lower thresholds for doctor visits...

..In intention-to-treat and publication-bias analyses, the consistency of these findings was demonstrated. It is concluded that biofeedback constitutes an evidence-based treatment option for tension-type headache...

..The differential impact of mental disorders on health care utilization and illness behaviour in old age should be studied...

..The aim of this study was to determine stigmatizing attitudes toward obesity in the population, and its related psychological and sociodemographic determinants...

..Hippocampal volume was found to be bilaterally reduced in male, but not in female, subjects with schizophrenia. Right hippocampal volume was significantly related to impaired visual learning...

..Furthermore, it is hypothesized that hasty decisions in these tasks will be associated with subclinical delusional beliefs...

..The current ICD-10 diagnosis of somatoform pain disorder requests psychological causation of the pain, which is frequently unclear or difficult to decide...

..Treatment programs for patients with decompensated tinnitus symptoms should account for appraisal processes and coping mechanisms in stressful situations...

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..The symptom-specificity model of chronic pain postulates that increased muscle tension in CBP patients may be responsible for the development and maintenance of chronic pain...

..In the concluding discussion, the problems relating to definition and study designs are considered responsible for many of the inconclusive findings. Suggestions for further research are derived...

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..It has been subject to studies in medical settings, but its validity as a screening for depression in the general population is unknown...

..Tinnitus seems to be associated with psychophysiological over-activation (e.g., of head and shoulder muscles). Therefore we aimed to develop and evaluate a new intervention program including a psychophysiological approach...

..We aimed to investigate how worries about modernity affecting health, negative affectivity, and prior symptom complaints influence health complaints after environmental spraying in a prospective study...

..However, the specific contributions of panic disorder, depression, and somatic complaints to illness behavior in unselected samples is unclear...

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..These results confirm that hypochondriasis and panic disorder are distinguishable clinical conditions, characterized by generally more psychopathology and distress in hypochondriasis...

..Am. Med. Assoc. 282 (1999) 1734]) is a useful tool for the detection of panic disorder and depression...

..Predictors of treatment outcome were evaluated in a clinical sample suffering from hypochondriasis...

..a) To evaluate the effect of a cognitive-behavioural inpatient treatment and (b) to analyse the differential efficacy of an additional ("soma") group management training of somatisation...

..In sum, the SOMS-7 seems to be a comprehensive, reliable, and valid instrument for the evaluation of treatment effects in patients with somatoform disorders...

..We conclude that individual cognitive behavioural therapy for social phobia can be transported from research settings to the field of mental health...

..In addition, variability of adverse effect ascertainment is considerable and suggests the need for better standardization in research...

..The main aim of this study is to compare factor solutions from previous studies to draw conclusions about the most valid scale model of the WI for administration in primary care...

..It is hypothesized that these patients are more likely than patients from other groups to incorrectly recall the likelihoods of medical explanations provided by doctors...

..These 1-day workshops have high acceptability, so this approach could be a good model for empirically-validated continuing-education programs...

..Somatization is described along a continuum from mild and negligible bodily misperceptions to severe and disabling somatoform symptoms...

..The results are discussed against the background of existing body ideals and in terms of their gender specific relevance...

..The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effects of cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) on mental health status and healthcare utilization in patients with somatoform disorders (SFD) of a specialized tertiary care center...

..Behavioral medicine is an interdisciplinary field, integrating research from a variety of disciplines. This review focuses on recent advances and developments in behavioral medicine...

..The main objective was to clarify the associations between BMI (kg/m2), social skills, social support and subjective well-being in a sample of obese subjects...

..Well designed studies on its prevalence and on base rates for diagnostic criteria are rare. Therefore this study aimed to reveal prevalence rates of BDD in the general population and to examine clinical features associated with BDD...

..Autosomal dominant inheritance of mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R) is currently regarded as the most relevant genetic cause for extreme obesity and affects 2-4% of extremely obese individuals...

..To investigate whether providing information about normal findings before a diagnostic test improves patients' reassurance and reduces anxiety about symptoms...

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..Obesity is a major health problem. Although heritability is substantial, genetic mechanisms predisposing to obesity are not very well understood. We have performed a genome wide association study (GWA) for early onset (extreme) obesity...

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