F Pragst

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..Hair analysis for drugs is, however, not a simple routine procedure and needs substantial guidelines throughout the testing process, i.e., from sample collection to results interpretation...

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..42). It can be concluded from the results that FAEE in skin surface lipids can be used for medium-term retrospective detection of heavy drinking...

..Until now, there has been no evaluation in context of FAS diagnosis; however, a successful application for this purpose can be expected from the good experience in driving ability examination...

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..From the results it follows that diphenhydramine is not less poisonous than other prescribed hypnotics. However, despite the hallucinogenic effects, an abuse for recreational purposes was not observed until now...

..However, it was shown that it also has some capacity for a general screening by direct immersion into urine samples and for pesticides and other semivolatile substance in the headspace mode...

..The results are discussed in context of pulmonary microembolism cases frequently described for drug addicts after injection of crashed talcum containing tablets...

..From the results follows that the measurement of FAEE concentrations in hair is a useful way for a retrospective detection of alcohol abuse...

..5 ng/microg). However, the relative concentration CFAEE/CSQ cannot completely replace the absolute concentration CFAEE, and both should regularly be used for an improved interpretation with respect to alcohol abuse...

..The applicability of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) and ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in hair in a workplace alcohol testing program was investigated...

..Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) are products of nonoxidative ethanol metabolism. After incorporation in hair, they should be suitable long-term markers of alcohol abuse...

..5% ethanol, with a deodorant and with a hair spray. As an explanation, it is assumed that FAEE are formed in the sebum glands also after regular topical application of products with a higher ethanol content...

..3 ng/mL in plasma and 2 pg/mg in hair in 11 samples using GC-NCI-MS and 0.2 pg/mg in one sample using GC-NCI-MS. Therefore, the use of this compound as a marker for combined cannabis and alcohol consumption could not be achieved...

..The practical use of the T(M) values as a support to distinguish between different metabolites in the HPLC-DAD analysis of intoxications is demonstrated with cases of poisoning with diphenhydramine, propafenone and methaqualone...

..It is concluded that the combined use of FAEE and EtG in meconium as markers for fetal alcohol exposure essentially increases the accuracy of the interpretation and helps to avoid false positive and false-negative results...

..The aim of the present study is to test the hypothesis that the intraoperative level of anaesthetic depth differs if decision-making is guided by Narcotrend monitoring or not...

..We investigated the relationship between median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and the bispectral index (BIS) during alternating periods of consciousness and propofol-induced unconsciousness...

..Saccadic eye movements may provide an objective measure of motor and cognitive effects of cannabinoids...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative T cell-mediated immune parameters as well as cytokine release from whole blood cells after lipopolysaccharide stimulation and its association with postoperative infections...

..The practical relevance of the results for systematic toxicological analysis is demonstrated by the example of a multidrug intoxication and in the context of sample preparation methods routinely used...

..0 ng/mg in almost all samples. CONCLUSION: FAEE concentrations in hair other than scalp hair can be used as markers of chronic alcohol misuse...

..They cannot be explained by a long-term inhalation of an atmosphere enriched with argon before the incident as it is likely to have occurred in this factory hall...

..12 ng/mg) using a sample amount of 30 mg. The frequently observed increase of the segmental drug concentrations from proximal to distal is explained by progressive accumulation in the hair shaft from sebum or side stream smoke...

..7ng/mg for CTN. A highly significant correlation was found between the self-reported data about the khat consumption habits of the volunteers (4-56h chewing per week) and the concentrations of norephedrine and norpseudoephedrine in hair...

..This prospective observational study evaluated oral fluid testing and self reporting of illicit drug use compared with confirmatory blood testing...

..The hypothesis was that psychomotor performance remains reduced 24 h after anaesthesia...

..Neurocognitive deficits have been reported in children whose mothers used marijuana during pregnancy. Maternal consumption of ethanol is known to cause serious developmental deficits..

..Therefore, the concentration ratio 11-OH-THC/THC was discussed as a criterion for distinguishing oral from inhalative cannabis consumption...

..07 microg/ml, respectively. The method was also tested with spiked whole blood, urine, stomach contents and kidney samples. It was sufficiently reliable, reproducible and sensitive for use in routine forensic toxicology applications...

..The aim of the present study was to validate functional residual capacity measurements by heptafluoropropane wash-in/wash-out (0.8%) during mechanical ventilation in small, surfactant-depleted lungs using a newborn piglet model...

..A saturation concentration in blood between 2.0 and 2.5 mg/L was attained after 3 min ventilation and decreased with a half-life below 1 min after termination of the HFP supply. No relevant accumulation of HFP was observed...

..5 g NaCl or Na2SO4. Furthermore, the method was optimized for quantitative determination of 17 frequently occurring additives. The practical applicability of the method was demonstrated for cigarettes from 32 brands...

..Significantly higher AUC and Cmax and shorter tmax were found for females as compared with males...

..A careful individual interpretation of the results for the different markers, however, is an absolute necessity...

..Additionally, we propose a cut-off value of FAEE to distinguish teetotallers/moderate/social drinkers from alcoholics or individuals drinking at harmful levels...

..It is yet unclear to what extent treeshrews benefit from ingested alcohol per se and how they mitigate the risk of continuous high blood alcohol concentrations...

..The objective of the study was to investigate whether biomarkers of alcohol consumption would provide additional information to the use of a validated alcohol questionnaire in pregnant women...

..The problems of drug-induced hyperthermia faced by forensic pathologists and criminal investigators are discussed on the basis of a death from the autopsy material of the Berlin Institute of Legal Medicine (CCM)...

..It therefore seems to be more useful to titrate the individual dose for each patient by closer monitoring of the clinical status, adding additional therapy to counteract AWS if higher ethanol doses are required...

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