J Heinrich

..The aim was to study the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TRP genes and irritant exposures on cough...

..Thus, aim of this analysis is to determine whether hypertension and antihypertensive medication have an adverse effect on lung function in a general adult population...

..The aim of this analysis was to determine whether lung function determinants differ between subpopulations within Germany and whether prediction equations developed for one subpopulation are also adequate for another subpopulation...

..abstract:..

..First, we assessed all markers in a subset of subjects using DNA pooling, and in a second stage we evaluated the most promising markers at an individual level...

..More research is also needed to clarify the potential risk for exposure to volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds due to renovation activities, phthalates and chlorine chemicals due to cleaning...

..The aim of this study was to analyse the association between noise exposure due to neighbouring road traffic and the noise annoyance of adults, taking other determinants into consideration...

..The reasons for the differences between countries are not clear...

..A higher microbial exposure in general and in particular to endotoxin in early childhood might contribute to this lower risk of atopy...

..4). We conclude that that the amount of dust sampled can be used as a proxy for hygiene and that beta(1-->3)-glucan concentrations per square meter are related to the amount of dust sampled...

..Previous studies have reported a protective association between high levels of exposure to endotoxin during infancy and the development of subsequent eczema within the first 6 months of life...

..The risk is increased if subjects are exposed to a mixture of allergens or if they are sensitized in addition to high exposure...

..The association between dietary fatty acid intake and the development of atopic diseases has been inconsistent. This could be due to inter-individual genetic differences in fatty acid metabolism...

..Therefore, we evaluated the influence of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster polymorphisms on the association between BF and asthma...

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..In a recent genome wide scan, a functional promoter variant (rs2251746) in the gene encoding the alpha chain of the high affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E (IgE) (FCER1A) was identified as major determinant of serum IgE levels...

..To describe regional differences between eastern and western Germany with regard to food, nutrient and supplement intake in 9-12-year-old children, and analyse its association with parental education and equivalent income...

..PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The study indicated that community is a major source of cat allergen exposure especially in communities of low SES...

..However, little is known about the longitudinal dynamics of these polymorphisms on body mass index (BMI), overweight, and obesity...

..74 (0.58, 0.93)]. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that current exposure to higher levels of house dust endotoxin might be associated with a decreased odds of allergic sensitization in adults...

..This singly measured biocontaminant concentration is related to adverse respiratory outcomes such as asthma, wheeze or others...

..The aim of this study is to investigate whether infant formulas containing canola oil support normal growth in infants as assessed by weight and length gain...

..Food allergy is common, especially in childhood, where 6-8% of children are affected. Identification of early and efficient markers for later development of food allergy is very important...

..Specific IgE antibodies are often detected without any clinical manifestation of allergies. We aimed to analyse the predictivity of allergic sensitization for incident symptoms of allergic diseases in adults during a 10-year follow-up...

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..Stress has been suggested to impact the onset and exacerbation of eczema and other atopic disorders. Whether early exposure to stress-related factors might exert long-term effects remains to be clarified...

..The present results give indirect evidence, that less respiratory infections may be associated with higher bronchial hyperresponsiveness...

..Atopic diseases develop on a genetic background and are modulated by environmental factors among which some infectious diseases are thought to have a protective influence...

..We compared the prevalence of allergic diseases in farmers, and rural, suburban and urban residents in the small geographical area of Augsburg in southern Germany...

..Only a few studies have analyzed the value of early sensitization in predicting the development of atopic disease. The relevance of low immunoglobulin (Ig) E antibody levels in this respect also remains unclear...

..Tracking of fatty acid (FA) contribution to plasma or serum lipids over time was shown in children and adults. However, the potential role of FADS gene variants has not been investigated...

..However, none of these factors and not even a combination of factors explains the variability of endotoxin levels between homes...

..The removal of dust by frequent cleaning reduces the indoor exposure to grass allergens. Such information is essential to train patients in allergen avoidance...

..This study examines the association between peak height and weight velocities during the first 2 years of life and onset of asthma and wheeze up to 10 years of age...

..Positive dose-dependent associations and independent effects of postnatal exposure suggest involvement of environmental tobacco smoke in the risk for development of insulin resistance in children...

..In epidemiological studies of the potential health effects of traffic related air pollution, self reported traffic intensity is a commonly used, but rarely validated, exposure variable...

..The indoor BTEX air concentrations were significantly higher than the outdoor concentrations (except benzene). Significant differences in BTEX indoor concentrations between OLD and NEW buildings could not be detected (except toluene)...

..This variable caused a similar increase in the indoor NO2 levels in each city (43% in Erfurt and 47% in Hamburg). However, outdoor sources of NO2 (motor vehicle traffic) contributed more to indoor NO2 levels in Hamburg than in Erfurt...

..0 x 10(-13)). Carriers of the rare alleles of several SNPs and their respective haplotypes had a lower prevalence of allergic rhinitis and atopic eczema. No association was found for total and specific IgE levels...

..In vitro studies, animal experiments, and human exposure studies have shown how ambient air pollution increases the risk of atopic diseases. However, results derived from observational studies are inconsistent...

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..The purpose of this study was to replicate these findings using data from Augsburg, a city from the southern part of West Germany. Furthermore the study population in this analysis was extended to higher age groups...

..10 x HI - 0.668. Because the measured levels of ammonium nitrate were very low in Erfurt, we concluded that other compounds like semi-volatile organics were responsible for the loss of particulate material at 50 degrees C...

..9, 95% CI 3.4-35.0) and ever-wheeze without infection (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.9) at age 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: Second-hand exposure to cat allergen in homes without cats is detrimental in terms of allergy development in infants...

..003-1.060. No association between fine particle MC and mortality was found. This study shows that UFP, representing fresh combustion particles, may be an important component of urban air pollution associated with health effects...

..In conclusion, despite different assumptions and procedures used for the stochastic and dispersion modeling, both models yield similar results regarding exposure estimation of the study cohort to traffic-related air pollutants...

..In conclusion, this study supports the hypothesis of a potential protective mechanism related to dog exposure in early life, especially for children of atopic parents. However, this association was found only for dogs and not for cats...

..The aim of our study was to assess the relation between social class, immune parameters, and the prevalence of respiratory infections in children...

..The reasons for our observation, especially the gender difference, are still uncertain. In conclusion the morphology and function of erythrocytes might be sensitive parameters of low dose lead toxicity...

..However, differences remained after adjusting for these variables. Children's health was associated with parental education. The association could not fully be explained by established risk factors...

..In this paper we investigated the association of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)-vaccination and atopic diseases and allergic sensitisation in children in Eastern Germany...

..In terms of developing atopic diseases there is no verifiable detrimental effect of early swimming...

..91-2.10). The strongest effect estimates for chronic inflammation were found for those children likely to have been exposed at higher levels, that is when stoves had no fans, in smaller homes, and for children spending more time indoors...

..180 g; 209 vs. 174 g and 62 vs. 53 g. Surprisingly similar changes in eating habits were observed with men and women. The majority of changes could be explained by the improved variety in food supply after the reunification...

..We assume an association between keeping pets and undefined environmental factor(s) that contribute protectively to the development of atopic dermatitis in early life, presumably by effects on the maturation of the immune system...

..02-1.34). No association was seen with noncardiopulmonary nonlung cancer mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Living close to major roads and chronic exposure to NO2 and PM10 may be associated with an increased mortality due to cardiopulmonary causes...

..It has been suggested that functional polymorphisms of the GSTP1 gene may influence the risk for allergic disorders through an impaired defence against oxidant injury...

..These data were included in many international projects and consortia for purposes of international comparisons of prevalence and consistency of findings, and to increase the power of the analyses...

..School entry marks a tremendous change in the children's life style, which might well be relevant for the emergence of overweight. Previous studies suggested a dramatic increase in the prevalence of overweight during this age...

..Furthermore, our data support the superiority of the dose response slope for the analysis of bronchial responsiveness in epidemiologic surveys...

..Increased intake of certain polyunsaturated fatty acids might further stimulate IgE production in boys...

..These results might reflect a convergence of initially higher prevalences of overweight and obesity in the East with initially lower prevalences in the West...

..CONCLUSION: This study raises doubts in a true biological association between OC use and atopic diseases...

..Drawing on these results, differences in healthcare costs between BMI groups are already apparent in children...

..The strong and yet undiscovered indoor source for toluene in East Germany might lead to a further increase in the indoor air load in those homes in the East, which undergo renovations which will lead to improved insulation...

..This tendency could not be observed with respect to ETS exposure at home. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Exposure to ETS at the workplace should be minimized in order to reduce the risk of allergic sensitization, and allergic rhinitis...

..We recommend including analyses of FADS1 and FADS2 polymorphism in future cohort and intervention studies addressing biological effects of PUFAs and LC-PUFAs...

..The protective effect was strengthened with increasing degree of sensitization. In conclusion, exposure to higher levels of house dust endotoxin is associated with lower prevalence of allergic sensitization in children...

..The mixed results may be explained by differences in age and avoidance patterns...

..Therefore, the observed variation should be considered in further studies. Measurements of indoor endotoxin are recommended as an indicator for the level of exposures of individual domestic environments...

..In order to disentangle the different effects of overall microbial exposure on children's health, research should focus on specific microbial markers in the home, in combination with new assessment techniques including molecular methods...

..Prenatal and postnatal tobacco exposure have been reported to be associated with behavioral problems. However, the magnitude of the association with tobacco exposure at specific periods of exposure is unclear...

..59 micrograms As/g creatinine; 95% C.I. 4.20-5.02). This suggests that the arsenic contamination in Hettstedt is not substantially increasing the internal burden of arsenic among children above that found in other German children...

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..76; CI: 0.66 to 0.88) after adjustment for several potential predictors. In conclusion, we found that the prevalence of nonasthmatic respiratory symptoms decreased from the first period to the second period in all three study areas...

..These results might suggest that preventive actions should start as early as possible and children from disadvantaged families might be considered as a susceptible subgroup...

..13-0.68) decreased incidence of AE for the subsequent 2 years of life. No effect was seen for unemployment. CONCLUSIONS: Divorce/separation of the parents and severe disease of a family member influence the risk of developing AE...

..Dietary factors were mostly not related with prevalence rates of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and atopic eczema either in males or in females...

..CONCLUSIONS: In this cross-sectional study among adults, a high content of n-3 fatty acids in RBC membranes (EPA) or in the diet (ALA) is associated with a decreased risk of allergic sensitisation and allergic rhinitis...

..Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate whether feeding with different kinds of infant formula is associated with the acceptance of infant formula at 10 years of age...

..Sulfur could be a tracer for coal combustion, however, it was not correlated with any of the quoted elements. Highly correlated elements V and Ni have similar enrichment factors and are considered as tracers for oil combustion...

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..However, it is not clear whether fish intake also has a beneficial effect in adulthood, when allergic diseases are thought to be predominantly manifested...

..Environmental exposure to endotoxin might have a crucial role in immune maturation and development of asthma...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate whether regional urban air pollution may partly explain the large variation in the prevalence of allergic sensitization across cities of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) II...

..59, p = 0.035). These results support the hypothesis that a high intake of monounsaturated fatty acids might promote the development of allergic sensitization...

..Methods: In a population-based study of 2,470 children, 2,188 skin prick tests, and 2,042 blood samples could be analyzed...

..The present review summarizes the recent association studies on FADS genotypes and LC-PUFA levels and suggests ideas how FADS genotypes can be integrated in future research...

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..rho2.5 has the potential to serve as a crude tracer for chemical composition and atmospheric processing and might play an important role when considering the associations between health effects and ambient particles...

..91-1.20)). We conclude that exposure to traffic-related air pollutants increases the risk of nonallergic respiratory symptoms and to a lesser degree the risk of hay fever and allergic sensitization but not the risk of asthma in adults...

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..Past industrial emissions might still play a decisive role decades after the closing of sources, and pneumonia should be considered a possible acute health burden caused by metal-rich air pollution...

..The dietary intake of certain fatty acids might have an impact on inflammatory processes in the lung and therefore contribute to the development of lung diseases like asthma or COPD...

..The short- and long-term effects of feeding with hydrolyzed formulas on growth are uncertain...

..We analyze this genetic-association in two children-cohort-studies. In addition, the association between variants in the FADS-gene-cluster and blood-fatty-acid-composition with eczema was studied...

..Numerous studies have shown associations between ambient air pollution and daily mortality...

..We provide the first replication of the association of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster with PUFA in blood phospholipids. For the first time, such associations were also shown for PUFA in cell membranes...

..The increase of particulate and gaseous air pollution was associated with multiple changes in the differential white blood cell count in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases...

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