Matthias B Schulze

..Inflammation is considered a key mechanism leading to type 2 diabetes, but dietary exposures that lead to inflammation and diabetes are largely unknown...

..The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns among a representative sample of German adolescents and their associations with energy and nutrient intake, socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics, and overweight status...

..e. body adiposity index (BAI), BMI and waist and hip circumferences, with respect to their ability to predict the percentage of body fat (PBF; confirmed by magnetic resonance tomography) and incident type 2 diabetes...

..353 and 0.349). In conclusion, a higher carbohydrate intake at the expense of protein and PUFA might be associated with decreased diabetes risk...

..We aimed to develop a precise risk score for the screening of large populations for individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes based on noninvasive measurements of major risk factors in German study populations...

..We examined associations between fiber and magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes and summarized existing prospective studies by meta-analysis...

..In the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) study, we showed inverse associations between flavonols and pancreatic cancer risk...

..9%. In contrast to principal component analysis and other methods, the new RRR method extracted a significant risk factor for diabetes...

..Obesity and increases in body weight in adults are considered to be among the most important risk factors for type 2 diabetes...

..Given that the food pattern was high in all fatty acid fractions, we found evidence for total dietary fat rather than for specific fatty acids to be associated with breast cancer risk...

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..Circulating fetuin-A levels are elevated in humans with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, conditions that are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease...

..The statistical method described may be helpful as an additional tool for analyzing epidemiologic cohort data and for interpreting results obtained from Cox regression models with adjustment for different covariates...

..High fruit and vegetable intakes may limit weight gain, particularly in susceptible persons, such as those who stop smoking...

..However, it is still unclear whether body fat distribution, particularly abdominal obesity, is associated with each type of esophageal cancer...

..The goal of our study was to prospectively investigate the potential causal nature of the association between fetuin-A levels and myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke by applying a Mendelian randomization approach...

..Our objective was to examine the association between adherence to dietary patterns and weight change in women...

..86, 1.27). These findings suggest that gallstones, but not kidney stones, may predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, providing physicians with an interventional opportunity to implement adequate prevention measures...

..In conclusion, the statistical method described in the paper may be beneficial for quantifying the importance of different sufficient causes and for improving the efficiency of public health programs...

..Our data provide preliminary evidence that the FTO rs9939609 T>A polymorphism contributes to variation in plasma CRP levels independently of obesity indices...

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..08; 95 % CI 0.96, 1.23). These data provide evidence that the beneficial effect of whole-grain intake on diabetes risk is modified by TCF7L2 rs7903146...

..To examine the association of red meat and whole-grain bread consumption with plasma levels of biomarkers related to glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation and obesity...

..Of these pathways the highest contribution was observed for adiponectin which contributed one-third to the risk and that equal proportion was contributed by GGT and HDL-cholesterol, although the contribution of inflammation was lower...

..51, 95% confidence interval: 0.29, 0.89). These results suggest that this hypothesis-oriented pattern might play an important role in the risk of hypertension...

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..The long-term role of fatty acids (FAs) in the cause of diabetes remains largely unclear...

..It is therefore an approach that might overcome one of the most frequently claimed limitations of factor analyses applied in epidemiology: their non-comparable risk estimates...

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..The data indicate that metabolic alterations, including sugar metabolites, amino acids, and choline-containing phospholipids, are associated early on with a higher risk of T2D...

..In conclusion, the choice of risk cut-offs and number of categories has a substantial impact on NRI. A limited number of categories should only be used if categories have strong clinical importance...

..Biochemical measures, in particular fasting plasma glucose, can improve prediction of such models. On the other hand, usefulness of genetic profiling currently appears limited...

..This study validates and confirms the association of IDE polymorphisms with T2DM risk in the prospective German cohort and provides novel evidence of influences of IDE genetic variants on insulin metabolism...

..Our study suggests that increased adiponectin levels are associated with a moderately decreased CHD risk in diabetic men. This association seems to be mediated in part by effects of adiponectin on HDL cholesterol levels...

..However, there is still a wide gap between what we know and what we practice in the field of public health; how to narrow that gap remains a major public health challenge...

..This review aims to summarize recent advances towards understanding the relation of the activities of D5D and D6D to the development of type 2 diabetes...

..The epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes is evident in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, their associations have hardly been examined in this region...

..This study highlights the importance of standardized protocols for blood pressure measurements in epidemiological studies...

..We sought to examine the association between plasma concentrations of liver enzymes gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and incident diabetes, prospectively...

..However, previous studies did not evaluate the complex relationships between adiponectin and the array of metabolic abnormalities commonly observed in diabetes...

..Although more research is needed, sufficient evidence exists for public health strategies to discourage consumption of sugary drinks as part of a healthy lifestyle...

..However, prospective data on whether CRP predicts cardiovascular events in diabetic patients are limited so far...

..This evaluation aims to describe the quantity and quality of dietary fat, carbohydrate and fiber intake in both German cohorts participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)...

..In this review, we describe different patterning approaches and the available evidence regarding the relationships between dietary patterns and risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease...

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..Increasing evidence suggests an important role of carbohydrate quality in the development of type 2 diabetes...

..To evaluate the role of non-HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein (apo)B, markers of all potentially atherogenic lipoproteins, as predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in comparison with LDL cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes...

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..The impact of overall dietary patterns that reflect actual eating behaviors on mortality caused by cardiovascular or other chronic diseases is largely unknown...

..Endothelial dysfunction is one of the mechanisms linking diet and the risk of cardiovascular disease...

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..The level of detail regarding the dietary intake necessary to characterize associations between diet and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is uncertain...

..Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a cytokine secreted by adipose tissue and other cells, might play a role in insulin resistance...

..The association between diet and cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be mediated partly through inflammatory processes and reflected by markers of subclinical atherosclerosis...