T Pischon

..To shed light on these issues, we examined the prospective association between the metabolic syndrome defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and diabetes...

..We therefore aimed to identify and discuss current epidemiological data on the prevalence of obesity in European countries...

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..Consideration of LDL-C beyond smoking, diabetes and hypertension may increase the PAF of MI slightly more than CRP. In contrast, consideration of CRP but not of LDL-C may increase the PAF of stroke beyond these factors...

..Recent research also suggests that adipose tissue-derived hormones and cytokines (adipokines), such as leptin, adiponectin and inflammatory markers, may reflect mechanisms linked to tumourigenesis...

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..This study examined whether inflammation adds to the prediction of coronary heart disease (CHD) beyond metabolic syndrome (MetS), and whether these associations differ between sexes...

..The relationship of specific fruit and vegetable subgroups with RCC risk warrant further investigation...

..This large, prospective study provides evidence that obesity is an important modifiable risk factor for epithelial ovarian cancer, particularly among postmenopausal women...

..The aim of this study was to prospectively examine the association between body iron stores and risk of type 2 diabetes...

..13-0.49) for DHBA and 0.37 (95%CI=0.19-0.53) for DHPPA. These results suggest that AR metabolites cannot be considered to be better biomarkers of whole-grain wheat and rye intake than the intact AR in fasting plasma (ICC=0.42)...

..These results support the hypothesis that hypertension, rather than its medications, increases the risk of RCC in both sexes, while effective blood pressure control may lower the risk...

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..The objective of our study was to investigate whether changes in BMI during earlier adulthood are more strongly associated with levels of circulating obesity biomarkers in middle age than are BMI changes during later adulthood...

..The statistical method described may be helpful as an additional tool for analyzing epidemiologic cohort data and for interpreting results obtained from Cox regression models with adjustment for different covariates...

..Waist circumference measurement is recommended for overweight or obese patients only (BMI > or = 25)...

..To examine the association between plasma resistin levels and the presence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in women...

..The objective was to examine the association of 5 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the adiponectin locus with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in men and women...

..Our data provide preliminary evidence that the FTO rs9939609 T>A polymorphism contributes to variation in plasma CRP levels independently of obesity indices...

..Prospective data on the importance of established risk factors for myocardial infarction in Germany are sparse...

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..Resistin, a recently discovered hormone, is purportedly involved in metabolic and inflammatory processes in humans and may thus be an important marker to assess disease risk in large-scale epidemiological studies...

..Circulating fetuin-A levels are elevated in humans with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, conditions that are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease...

..Dietary recommendations should consider the potential benefit of increasing fruits and vegetables consumption for reducing the risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract, particularly at low intake...

..This discrepancy may be related to differences in fat distribution between sexes or to the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in women...

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..Of these pathways the highest contribution was observed for adiponectin which contributed one-third to the risk and that equal proportion was contributed by GGT and HDL-cholesterol, although the contribution of inflammation was lower...

..These data provide evidence that elevated CRP concentrations are related to a higher risk of colon cancer but not rectal cancer, predominantly among men and independently of obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia...

..However, little is known about dietary predictors of plasma adiponectin concentrations in humans...

..Studies suggest that the A12 allele is associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes; however, data on the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) are scarce and controversial...

..86, 1.27). These findings suggest that gallstones, but not kidney stones, may predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, providing physicians with an interventional opportunity to implement adequate prevention measures...

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..Our data give further credence to public health efforts aiming to reduce the prevalence of obesity to prevent RCC, in addition to other chronic diseases...

..045). The strong dose-response relation for lifetime alcohol use underscores that alcohol is an important risk factor of SCC of the upper aero-digestive tract throughout life...

..However, it is still unclear whether body fat distribution, particularly abdominal obesity, is associated with each type of esophageal cancer...

..The objective of this study was to analyze the reliability (reproducibility) of AR concentrations in fasting plasma measured 4 months apart...

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..Although plasma lipid levels were more strongly associated with an increased risk than were inflammatory markers, the level of C-reactive protein remained a significant contributor to the prediction of coronary heart disease...

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..The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between prostate cancer risk and circulating concentrations of folate and vitamin B(12) in a large prospective cohort...

..It has been hypothesized that this may be due, in part, to the parallel rising prevalence of obesity. It is biologically plausible that anthropometric characteristics can infuence the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma...

..However, the results from more recent prospective studies do not support this hypothesis, and the possible association between different food sources of fat and prostate cancer risk also remains unclear...

..01). None of the associations differed significantly by fasting status. These findings suggest that metabolic abnormalities and obesity may act synergistically to increase endometrial cancer risk...

..Previous studies suggest that high plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, or tocopherols may reduce the risk of prostate cancer...

..The effects of weight loss and pharmacological management on morbidity and mortality in obese hypertensive patients remains to be addressed in prospective trials...

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..Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with substantially lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We assessed the relationship between alcohol intake and inflammatory markers to partially explain this beneficial effect...

..These paradoxical changes are consistent with previous studies in healthy subjects and suggest a combination of peripheral and central nervous system mechanisms...

..However, associations between fructose and the quantity and quality of total carbohydrate intake in relation to C-peptide concentrations have not been adequately examined...

..Adiponectin, a recently discovered adipocyte-derived peptide, is involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity and lipid oxidation and, purportedly, in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in humans...

..Furthermore, we examined the relationship between physical activity and insulin sensitivity (insulin, C-peptide, and hemoglobin A(1c) levels) and whether inflammatory markers mediate this association...

..Polyunsaturated fatty acid intake favorably affects chronic inflammatory-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease; however, high intake of n-6 fatty acids may attenuate the known beneficial effects of n-3 fatty acids...

..50-1.35 for most active versus inactive). Future studies should consider including measurements of waist and hip circumference, to further investigate the relationship between central adiposity and the risk of pancreatic cancer...

..Adiponectin, an adipocytokine secreted by adipose tissue, is decreased in obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome, all of which are well-established risk factors for endometrial cancer...

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..In addition to an overall inverse association with fruit intake, the results of this evaluation add evidence for a significant inverse association of vegetable consumption and lung cancer incidence in smokers...

..No clear colorectal cancer risk associations were observed for IGFBP-1 or -2. This large prospective study confirms that hyperinsulinemia, as determined by C-peptide levels, is associated with an increased colorectal cancer risk...

..The relative risk reductions are most apparent for household activities...

..To examine the association between anthropometry and endometrial cancer, particularly by menopausal status and exogenous hormone use subgroups...

..Subsequent analyses will extend this approach to non-fatal cardiovascular outcomes and to further dietary, biochemical and genetic factors...

..We found that physical activity reduced colon cancer risk, specifically for right-sided tumors and for lean participants, but not rectal cancer...

..Some studies suggest that elevated serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I concentrations are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer and, in particular, with an increased risk of advanced-stage prostate cancer...

..To investigate the implementation of mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) after cardiac arrest into clinical practice...

..Systemic inflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of such conditions; however, relations between TFA intake and systemic inflammation are not well established...

..The role of antiobesity drugs in the management of the obese hypertensive patient also remains to be defined...