E Medina

..Here we provide evidence that S. pyogenes can escape from the phagosome into the cytoplasm of phagocytic cells. Furthermore, intracellular bacteria seem to undergo phenotypic switching that results in much more virulent microorganisms...

..The use of this mouse model of group A streptococcal infection will allow for a better definition of parameters involved in the outcome of the disease...

..The ability of S. pyogenes to exploit the inflammatory response of the host by surviving inside phagocytic cells may constitute an additional virulence mechanism of this pathogen...

..pyogenes alone might be sufficient to stimulate nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB, however, bacterial internalization is required for a sustained nuclear translocation of this transcriptional factor...

..These results demonstrate that the fibronectin-binding region of SfbI is a promising candidate antigen for developing anti-S. pyogenes vaccines...

..These results suggest that SfbI is a promising candidate for inclusion in acellular vaccines against S. pyogenes...

..The eukaryotic cell compartment in which the antigen is synthesized, and the mode of display seem to play a minor role in the overall efficiency of epitope processing and presentation...

..The potential and limitations of the most extensively studied bacterial carrier systems will be discussed...

..In this study we demonstrate that ris-regulated products play a role in B. bronchiseptica resistance against both phagosomal acidification and reactive oxygen intermediates...

..Thus, masking of surface immunogenic determinants by the hyaluronic acid capsule may constitute a novel mechanism of S. pyogenes for evasion of antigen-specific antibodies...

..These results emphasize the important contribution of macrophages to the early control of S. pyogenes infection...

..An understanding of how macrophages respond to S. pyogenes at the molecular level may facilitate the development of new therapeutic paradigms...

..Thus, mice infected with MR4 survived longer, developed smaller skin lesions, and exhibited lower levels of bacterial dissemination than did those infected with KTL3. These results emphasize the role of GRAB as a virulence factor of GAS...

..The adjuvant properties exhibited by the fibronectin-binding domain of the SfbI protein strength the potential of this antigen for inclusion in multi-component vaccines against S. pyogenes...

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..Here, we investigated whether blockage of the transducer gp130, a receptor involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response, might be useful in the treatment of experimental gram-positive sepsis...

..Our study provides the first experimental evidence of antimicrobial extracellular traps formation by an immune cell population other than neutrophils...

..Infection with Streptococcus pyogenes remains a significant health care problem. The identification of immune components required for host defenses against S. pyogenes constitutes an important area of research...

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..These results highlight the importance of developing adequate experimental animal models to evaluate vaccine efficiency, according to the selected antigen...

..It is proposed that disease of the adrenal glands might serve to explain why M. bovis caused mice of both strains to die with the same much shorter MST...

..pyogenes may be associated with an altered transcription of specific genes that may compromise the endogenous regulatory processes controlling the inflammatory cascade and favor the progression to sepsis...

..pyogenes than were the corresponding control mice. We conclude that NK cells, by amplifying the inflammatory response, significantly contribute to the progression of S. pyogenes-induced septic shock...

..INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: This study provides further evidences that a genetic component is associated with host susceptibility or resistance to GAS infection...

..All identified epitopes clustered in a 30-amino-acid fragment. These results suggest that this polypeptide may be suitable for incorporation into a polyepitope-based vaccine formulation against S. pyogenes...

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..However, gaiA was not required for initial intracellular survival in human cells, indicating that its role in the natural host might be more complex than is suggested by the studies performed in the murine system...

..pyogenes sensing by DCs and argue for a multimodal recognition in which a combination of several different TLR-mediated signals is essential for a rapid and effective response to the pathogen...