Michael Hoffmeister

..e. the diagnosis of clinically irrelevant disease). Benefits from screening must be achieved at acceptable costs. Implementation of screening has to be based on scientific evidence and accompanied by scientific evaluation...

..40, 0.17-0.90) or with oral tablets (0.59, 0.39-0.90). In combination with estrogen, progestagens of the norethisterone and levonorgestrel families were associated with strong reduction in CRC risk...

..The reasons for the inconsistency of results regarding the potential risk modifying effect of postmenopausal hormones in the association of BMI with CRC remain inconclusive and require further study...

..Screening recommendations for colorectal cancer (CRC) commonly take family history but no other risk factors into account. We compared and assessed risk factors of colorectal polyps in a large population undergoing screening colonoscopy...

..18) for GSTM1. No significant interaction with smoking and MHT use was observed. Our study does not provide evidence for a strong association between CRC risk and CNVs of GSTT1 or GSTM1 or for an effect modification of smoking or MHT use...

....

..There is little empirical evidence available about the optimal interval for screening, making this a subject of debate. We associated the prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasms with time since negative colonoscopies...

....

..However, the CCND1 G870A polymorphism may modify the protective effect of postmenopausal hormone use on the development of CRC...

..Although none of them showed a significant association with CRC, the association of BLM P868L with rectal cancer risk requires further investigation...

..The risk of colorectal cancer after a previous negative colonoscopy is very low. Nevertheless, interval cancers occur. We aimed to assess the characteristics and predictors of interval cancers after negative colonoscopy...

..The link between colorectal cancer (CRC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has been extensively studied. Although it is commonly accepted that T2D is a risk factor for CRC, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood...

..Our results forecast a major rapid reduction of the CRC burden in Germany by screening colonoscopy...

..However, our results provide evidence that CRC subsets may be affected. If confirmed, this knowledge may be used to assess individual susceptibility and to target potential measures of cancer prevention...

..This study supports the hypothesis that smoking for a long duration at a high cumulative dose increases the risk for colorectal cancer, particularly among women, and suggests that there is risk reduction after longterm smoking cessation...

..03-12.15) and for women exposed to >23 pack-years of spousal smoking (OR: 3.02; 95% CI: 0.99-9.28). Our findings do not indicate a major impact of ETS on CRC risk but suggest that risk may be increased following spousal exposure...

..Studies have identified characteristics of adenomas detected on colonoscopy to be predictive of adenoma recurrence...

..We aimed to assess risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) according to time since polypectomy and factors that might be relevant for risk stratification...

..58), and reasonable for year of examination (kappa = 0.70). Self-reports of previous colorectal endoscopies agreed well with medical records, but validation appears to be essential with respect to details of the examination...

..37; 95% CI, 0.98-5.76). The score statistic yielded an empirical P of 0.03 of the haplotype-specific test for 626C-683C based on 20,000 simulations, suggesting that DR4 626C-683C may affect colorectal cancer predisposition...

..Cross-sectional analyses estimated that men reach an equivalent prevalence at a much younger age than women. However, cross-sectional estimates may be confounded by birth cohort effects...

..A two-stage case-control study on CRC susceptibility was conducted to assess the influence of the ancestral alleles in the polymorphisms previously associated with nutrition-related complex diseases...

..Genetic polymorphisms in GST genes (GSTP1 Ile105Val, copy-number variants of GSTM1 and GSTT1) that lead to diminished enzyme activity have been associated with increased chemotherapeutic treatment benefit in colorectal cancer patients...

..Whereas previous evidence is mainly based on observations of adenoma recurrence, we aimed to assess risk of CRC occurrence according to time since polypectomy...

..To derive age and sex specific estimates of transition rates from advanced adenomas to colorectal cancer by combining data of a nationwide screening colonoscopy registry and national data on colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence...

..We wanted to study if these polymorphisms or any haplotypes of the IGF1 and the IGFBP3 genes are associated with CRC...

....

..83-1.18). Results of this exploratory study provide first evidence that polymorphisms in genes related to estrogen transport and signaling may modify MHT-associated CRC risk but warrant replication in an independent population...

..82, 95% CI = 0.70, 0.95, P = 0.01) as well as among smokers (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.61, 0.90, P = 0.003). Yet, our data do not support the previously reported associations of HPGD tagSNPs and risk of CRC...

..However, the degree of protection achievable in a population setting with high-quality colonoscopy resources remains to be quantified...

..Screening colonoscopy has been offered in Germany since the end of 2002. Our aim was to estimate numbers of colorectal cancers prevented or detected early by screening colonoscopy in 2003-2010...

....

..We assessed the association of TP53 Arg72Pro and p53PIN3 polymorphisms with colorectal cancer risk and their possible interaction with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use...

..23; 95% CI, 1.04-1.45; p = 0.02 and OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.05-1.67; p = 0.02, respectively). Our results support a role of variants in inflammatory pathway genes in CRC susceptibility and progression...

..In conclusion, in this study of about 8,800 individuals we show that ABCB1 gene polymorphisms play at best a minor role in the susceptibility to CRC...

..22 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.45), suggesting that H. pylori infection may be associated with a small yet relevant risk increase in the left colorectum...

..To investigate the age-specific pattern of administration of chemotherapy and its association with long-term survival and quality of life (QoL) in stage II and III colorectal cancer patients...

..This study provides, for the first time, precise estimates of sojourn time by age and sex, and it suggests that sojourn times are remarkably consistent across age groups and in both sexes...

..Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer in Germany. Screening colonoscopies have been offered as a primary screening tool in Germany since the end of 2002...

..However, we showed a non-significant increased risk of familial CRC for both variants (OR=1.40 and 1.45), indicating a possible role of ARLTS1 in familial CRC...

..Among men, this regimen may be almost as effective as colonoscopy, at least at previous performance levels of colonoscopy...

..We aimed to assess the risk of CRC according to time since negative colonoscopy, overall, and by sex, smoking, and family history of CRC, in a large population-based case-control study...

....

..Additionally, a pro-inflammatory genotype did not increase the colorectal cancer risk associated with H. pylori infection. H. pylori positive subjects carrying the pro-inflammatory genotypes even had a lower risk...

..Thus, the authors investigated the association of beta blocker use and CRC risk in a large population-based case-control study (DACHS study)...

..66, 95% CI = 1.14-11.76, P < 0.05). Since modified Wnt signaling and down-regulation of frizzled-related proteins have been observed in many human cancers, this variant may also affect the susceptibility to other cancers...

..We specifically reviewed current evidence regarding the effects of NSAIDs on CRC risk in individuals aged > or =65 years, a rapidly growing age group...

....

..We examined the association between six well-known clotting factor gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk in a large case-control study...

..The risk of CRC increased significantly with an increasing number of risk alleles in seven genes involved in MAPK signalling events (P(trend) = 2.2 x 10(-16), OR(per allele) = 1.34, 95% CI 1.11-1.61)...

..We have investigated the prognostic role of ALDH1A1 in primary colorectal cancer and its value in predicting response to chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer...

..Evidence from a range of countries shows that the highest participation rates are obtained when programs are designed to invite eligible individuals to come in for screening...

..The aim of this study was to assess the long term risk of clinically manifest colorectal cancer among subjects with negative findings at colonoscopy...

..The incidence of adverse events (AEs) is a crucial factor when colonoscopy is considered for mass screening, but few studies have addressed delayed and non-GI AEs...

..The ages at which defined levels of incidence and mortality were reached varied between 9 and 17 years between countries. This variation requires consideration in the definition of screening guidelines...

..The gender differences were remarkably constant across populations and over time. These patterns suggest that gender differentiation of age at initiation may be worthwhile to utilise CRC-screening resources more efficiently...