Pierre Louis Toutain

Summary

Country: France

Publications

  1. ncbi Veterinary medicines and competition animals: the question of medication versus doping control
    Pierre Louis Toutain
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologuie Experimentales INRA, ENVT, , 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    Handb Exp Pharmacol 199:315-39. 2010
  2. ncbi Should licking behavior be considered in the bioavailability evaluation of transdermal products?
    P L Toutain
    INRA, UMR1331, Toxalim, Toulouse, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 35:39-43. 2012
  3. ncbi Benazeprilat disposition and effect in dogs revisited with a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling approach
    P L Toutain
    Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, et Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Associée de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, Toulouse, France
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 292:1087-93. 2000
  4. ncbi Integration and modelling of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data to optimize dosage regimens in veterinary medicine
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:467-77. 2004
  5. ncbi Bioavailability and its assessment
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:455-66. 2004
  6. ncbi Volumes of distribution
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:441-53. 2004
  7. ncbi Plasma terminal half-life
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:427-39. 2004
  8. ncbi Plasma clearance
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:415-25. 2004
  9. ncbi AUC/MIC: a PK/PD index for antibiotics with a time dimension or simply a dimensionless scoring factor?
    Pierre Louis Toutain
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales INRA, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Antimicrob Chemother 60:1185-8. 2007
  10. ncbi Pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:515-25. 2004

Collaborators

Detail Information

Publications49

  1. ncbi Veterinary medicines and competition animals: the question of medication versus doping control
    Pierre Louis Toutain
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologuie Experimentales INRA, ENVT, , 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    Handb Exp Pharmacol 199:315-39. 2010
    ..e. the large scale investigation of protein biomarkers) and metabolomic (i.e. the study of metabolite profiling in biological samples) techniques also deserve attention for establishing possible unique fingerprints of drug abuse...
  2. ncbi Should licking behavior be considered in the bioavailability evaluation of transdermal products?
    P L Toutain
    INRA, UMR1331, Toxalim, Toulouse, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 35:39-43. 2012
    ....
  3. ncbi Benazeprilat disposition and effect in dogs revisited with a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling approach
    P L Toutain
    Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, et Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Associée de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, Toulouse, France
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 292:1087-93. 2000
    ....
  4. ncbi Integration and modelling of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data to optimize dosage regimens in veterinary medicine
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:467-77. 2004
    ....
  5. ncbi Bioavailability and its assessment
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:455-66. 2004
    ..The rate of drug absorption is also discussed with special emphasis on the possible difficulties encountered using C(max) and T(max) or curve fitting to evaluate the rate of drug absorption...
  6. ncbi Volumes of distribution
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:441-53. 2004
    ..Volumes of distribution should be determined early in drug development programmes and those having a large volume of distribution may be selected to obtain a long terminal half-life even for drugs having a relatively high clearance...
  7. ncbi Plasma terminal half-life
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:427-39. 2004
    ..The terminal half-life is especially relevant to multiple dosing regimens, because it controls the degree of drug accumulation, concentration fluctuations and the time taken to reach equilibrium...
  8. ncbi Plasma clearance
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:415-25. 2004
    ....
  9. ncbi AUC/MIC: a PK/PD index for antibiotics with a time dimension or simply a dimensionless scoring factor?
    Pierre Louis Toutain
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales INRA, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Antimicrob Chemother 60:1185-8. 2007
    ..To accommodate the need for dose prediction during these novel therapeutic situations, we propose a general approach that is based on the targeted time interval over which some desired average concentration should be maintained...
  10. ncbi Pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
    P L Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 27:515-25. 2004
    ..ACE inhibition is the surrogate endpoint generally selected for establishing a PK/PD relationship and for simulating dosage regimen scenarios in order to decide on the appropriate dosage regimen for ACEIs...
  11. ncbi The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic approach to a rational dosage regimen for antibiotics
    P L Toutain
    UMR INRA de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse cedex 03, France
    Res Vet Sci 73:105-14. 2002
    ..Using the latter drugs, high concentrations achieved early during therapy are desirable to prevent the development of resistance. A C(max)/MIC ratio greater than 10-12 seems to be an appropriate target for aminoglycosides...
  12. ncbi Species differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
    Pierre Louis Toutain
    , , 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87 614, 31076, Toulouse cedex 03, France
    Handb Exp Pharmacol 199:19-48. 2010
    ..Instead, each drug must be investigated on a species-by-species basis to guarantee its effective and safe use, thus ensuring the well-being of animals and safeguarding of the environment and human consumption of animal products...
  13. ncbi New insights on effect of kidney insufficiency on disposition of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: case of enalapril and benazepril in dogs
    P L Toutain
    Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, et Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Associée de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, Toulouse, France
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 292:1094-103. 2000
    ....
  14. ncbi Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration in drug development and dosage-regimen optimization for veterinary medicine
    Pierre Louis Toutain
    Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, UMR 181 INRA de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales, Toulouse, France
    AAPS PharmSci 4:E38. 2002
    ..The limits of PK/PD approaches include the development of appropriate models, the validity of surrogate endpoints, and the acceptance of these models in a regulatory environment...
  15. ncbi Pharmacokinetic profile and in vitro selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition by nimesulide in the dog
    P L Toutain
    Unité Associée INRA de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 24:35-42. 2001
    ..86 microg/mL) giving a nimesulide COX-1/COX-2 ratio of 12.99 +/- 3.41. It was concluded that at the currently recommended dosage regimen (5 mg/kg), the plasma concentration totally inhibits COX-2 and partly inhibits COX-1 isoenzyme...
  16. ncbi A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic approach vs. a dose titration for the determination of a dosage regimen: the case of nimesulide, a Cox-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the dog
    P L Toutain
    Unité Associée INRA de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire, Toulouse, France
    J Vet Pharmacol Ther 24:43-55. 2001
    ..It was concluded from the comparison of in vivo and in vitro IC50, that nimesulide is a potent NSAID for which some Cox-1 inhibition is required to obtain clinically relevant efficacy...
  17. ncbi A pharmacokinetic model to document the actual disposition of topical ivermectin in cattle
    Céline M Laffont
    UMR 181 de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse cedex 03, France
    Vet Res 34:445-60. 2003
    ..More importantly, the simulations revealed that non-treated cattle could get easily contaminated by allo-licking, raising the public health problem of unexpected drug residues in edible tissues...
  18. ncbi Is the mechanisms of fipronil-induced thyroid disruption specific of the rat: Re-evaluation of fipronil thyroid toxicity in sheep?
    Julien Leghait
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales INRA, ENVT, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Toxicol Lett 194:51-7. 2010
    ....
  19. ncbi Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of ramipril and ramiprilat in healthy dogs and dogs with reduced glomerular filtration rate
    Herve P Lefebvre
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, National Veterinary School of Toulouse, France
    J Vet Intern Med 20:499-507. 2006
    ..No adjustment of the recommended PO dosage of ramipril is needed in dogs with moderate renal impairment...
  20. ncbi Intraocular pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered marbofloxacin in rabbits with experimentally induced acute endophthalmitis
    Alain Regnier
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, INRA, ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Am J Vet Res 69:410-5. 2008
    ..To compare penetration of IV administered marbofloxacin in intraocular fluids of healthy and inflamed eyes in rabbits with endotoxin-induced endophthalmitis...
  21. ncbi Emergence of resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the intestinal tract during successful treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae lung infection in rats
    Anne Sylvie Kesteman
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, INRA, ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87 614, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother 54:2960-4. 2010
    ..Bacterial cure without resistance selection at the infection site with fluoroquinolone treatment can be linked to colonization of the digestive tract by targeted pulmonary bacteria, followed by the emergence of resistance...
  22. ncbi A possible pharmacological explanation for quinacrine failure to treat prion diseases: pharmacokinetic investigations in a ovine model of scrapie
    Véronique Gayrard
    UMR 181 de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87614, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Br J Pharmacol 144:386-93. 2005
    ..It can then be established if these in vitro antiprion concentrations are achievable in vivo...
  23. ncbi Intestinal secretion is a major route for parent ivermectin elimination in the rat
    Céline M Laffont
    Unite Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de La Recherche Agronomique de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, France
    Drug Metab Dispos 30:626-30. 2002
    ..This is discussed in terms of therapeutic efficacy against intestinal parasites in humans and animals and of ecotoxicity resulting from the contamination of livestock dung with parent drug...
  24. ncbi Blood clearance of the prion protein introduced by intravenous route in sheep is influenced by host genetic and physiopathologic factors
    Véronique Gayrard
    Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
    Transfusion 48:609-19. 2008
    ..These concentrations are controlled by the blood clearance of PrP, which has never been evaluated...
  25. ncbi Competitive binding to plasma thyroid hormone transport proteins and thyroid disruption by phenylbutazone used as a probe
    Véronique Gayrard
    INRA, UMR1331 Toxalim, F 31027 Toulouse, France
    Gen Comp Endocrinol 174:225-31. 2011
    ....
  26. ncbi Influence of inoculum size and marbofloxacin plasma exposure on the amplification of resistant subpopulations of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a rat lung infection model
    Anne Sylvie Kesteman
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, INRA, ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87 614, 31 076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53:4740-8. 2009
    ..This ratio is valid only if plasma concentrations achieve the MPC...
  27. ncbi Endectocide exchanges between grazing cattle after pour-on administration of doramectin, ivermectin and moxidectin
    Alain Bousquet-Melou
    UMR 181 de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, B P 87614, 31076 Toulouse cedex 03, France
    Int J Parasitol 34:1299-307. 2004
    ..Moreover, scientific and regulatory aspects of clinical and bioequivalence trials for topical drug administration in cattle should be explored...
  28. ncbi Influence of inoculum size on the selection of resistant mutants of Escherichia coli in relation to mutant prevention concentrations of marbofloxacin
    Aude Ferran
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, INRA, ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87 614, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother 51:4163-6. 2007
    ....
  29. ncbi The adrenocorticotropin stimulation test: contribution of a physiologically based model developed in horse for its interpretation in different pathophysiological situations encountered in man
    Alain Bousquet-Melou
    Unité Mixte de Recherche 181 de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
    Endocrinology 147:4281-91. 2006
    ..Our model was able to reproduce and simply explain many adrenal gland responses that are dimmed by the different nonlinearities of the system...
  30. ncbi Maternal and fetal exposure to bisphenol a is associated with alterations of thyroid function in pregnant ewes and their newborn lambs
    Catherine Viguié
    Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Institut National Polytechnique Université Paul Sabatire, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Physiologie, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87614, F 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Endocrinology 154:521-8. 2013
    ..If such an effect were to be confirmed for a more relevant exposure scheme to BPA, this would constitute a major issue for BPA risk assessment...
  31. ncbi Fipronil-induced disruption of thyroid function in rats is mediated by increased total and free thyroxine clearances concomitantly to increased activity of hepatic enzymes
    Julien Leghait
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, INRA, ENVT, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87614, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Toxicology 255:38-44. 2009
    ..Plasma concentrations of fipronil sulfone were at least 20-fold higher than those of fipronil. This highlights the need to further investigate the contribution of fipronil sulfone to the fipronil-induced thyroid disruption...
  32. ncbi Estrogenicity of bisphenol a: a concentration-effect relationship on luteinizing hormone secretion in a sensitive model of prepubertal lamb
    Séverine H Collet
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales INRA, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Toxicol Sci 117:54-62. 2010
    ....
  33. ncbi Impact of early versus later fluoroquinolone treatment on the clinical; microbiological and resistance outcomes in a mouse-lung model of Pasteurella multocida infection
    Aude A Ferran
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, INRA, ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87 614, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Vet Microbiol 148:292-7. 2011
    ....
  34. ncbi Licking behaviour induces partial anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin pour-on formulation in untreated cattle
    Alain Bousquet-Melou
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, INRA, ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse, France
    Int J Parasitol 41:563-9. 2011
    ..This raises several issues such as the design of comparative clinical trials and the occurrence of partial efficacy which is considered a risk factor for the development of anthelmintic resistance...
  35. ncbi Acute changes in muscle blood flow and concomitant muscle damage after an intramuscular administration
    Pierre Jean Ferré
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales INRA ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire, BP 87614, 31076 Toulouse cedex 03, France
    Pharm Res 22:405-12. 2005
    ..The intramuscular route (IM) is widely used but commonly induces injection site muscle damage. This study investigates the hemodynamic changes in an acute lesion induced by the IM administration of propylene glycol (PG) in rabbits...
  36. ncbi Clinical, electroretinographic and histomorphometric evaluation of the retina in sheep with natural scrapie
    Alain Regnier
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales, INRA, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire, 23 Chemin des Capelles, B P 87614, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    BMC Vet Res 7:25. 2011
    ..Scrapie status was determined by examination of brain tissue..
  37. ncbi Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of the influence of inoculum size on the selection of resistance in Escherichia coli by a quinolone in a mouse thigh bacterial infection model
    Aude A Ferran
    UMR181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, INRA, ENVT, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire de Toulouse, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87 614, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53:3384-90. 2009
    ..The relevance of these results merits further investigation to test different strategies of antibiotic therapy depending on the expected bacterial burden at the infectious site...
  38. ncbi Longitudinal analysis of gene expression in porcine skeletal muscle after post-injection local injury
    Pierre J Ferré
    UMR181 de Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Expérimentales, INRA, ENVT, National Veterinary School, 23 Chemin des Capelles, BP 87614, Toulouse cedex 03, 31076, France
    Pharm Res 24:1480-9. 2007
    ..The purpose of this study is to describe the time course of gene expression in a skeletal muscle local injury induced by an intramuscular (IM) injection, and to compare the dynamics of gene expression with pathological events...
  39. ncbi Optimizing ciprofloxacin dosing in intensive care unit patients through the use of population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis and Monte Carlo simulations
    Dalia Khachman
    INRA, UMR 1331, Toxalim, F 31027 Toulouse, France
    J Antimicrob Chemother 66:1798-809. 2011
    ..To explore different ciprofloxacin dosage regimens for the treatment of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with respect to clinical outcome and the development of bacterial resistance for the major Gram-negative pathogens...
  40. ncbi Increased GH secretion in scrapie, a prion-associated neurodegenerative disease, is not due to suppressed IGF-1 negative feedback
    Catherine Viguié
    UMR 181, INRA, ENVT 23 Chemin des Capelles, F 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    Domest Anim Endocrinol 36:127-37. 2009
    ..Further investigations are required to determine if other IGF-1 effects and more particularly neuroprotective mechanisms are altered in prion-associated neurodegenerative diseases...
  41. ncbi Paw inflammation model in dogs for preclinical pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic investigations of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
    E C Jeunesse
    Toxalim, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Toulouse, France
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 338:548-58. 2011
    ..These in vivo IC(50) values require approximately 80 (antipyretic effect) to 90% (all other effects) cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition as calculated ex vivo whole-blood assay data...
  42. ncbi Population pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in aqueous humor after intravenous administration in dogs
    Alain Regnier
    , , 31076 Toulouse, France
    Am J Vet Res 64:889-93. 2003
    ..CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Marbofloxacin administered IV can penetrate the aqueous humor of canine eyes and may be suitable for prophylaxis or treatment of certain anterior chamber infections...
  43. ncbi A comparison of antimicrobial usage in human and veterinary medicine in France from 1999 to 2005
    Gérard Moulin
    AFSSA ANMV French Agency for Veterinary Medicinal Products, Fougeres, France
    J Antimicrob Chemother 62:617-25. 2008
    ..The antimicrobials allowed and amounts sold in veterinary and human medicine in France were compared to see if the same antimicrobial drugs are used in veterinary and human medicine, and to the same extent...
  44. ncbi Plasma exogenous creatinine clearance test in dogs: comparison with other methods and proposed limited sampling strategy
    A D J Watson
    Veterinary Medicine, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
    J Vet Intern Med 16:22-33. 2002
    ..5% with 4 blood samples. These results suggest that determination of plasma creatinine clearance by a noncompartmental approach offers a reliable, inexpensive, rapid, and convenient means of estimating GFR in routine practice...
  45. ncbi Contribution of lymphatic transport to the systemic exposure of orally administered moxidectin in conscious lymph duct-cannulated dogs
    Anne Lespine
    INRA UR66, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Toxicologie, BP 3, 31931 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
    Eur J Pharm Sci 27:37-43. 2006
    ..The lymphatic transport of moxidectin offers potential strategies based on lipid formulations to improve the bioavailability of MLs when administered orally...
  46. ncbi Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in plasma and urine of horses
    Pierre-Louis Toutain
    , INRA/ENVT, , 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse, France
    Am J Vet Res 65:1542-7. 2004
    ....
  47. ncbi Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships and dose response to meloxicam in horses with induced arthritis in the right carpal joint
    Pierre-Louis Toutain
    UMR 181 Physiopathologie et Toxicologie Experimentales, INRA/ENVT, , 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse, France
    Am J Vet Res 65:1533-41. 2004
    ..CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of this study suggest that meloxicam is a potent anti-inflammatory drug in horses. A dosage of 0.6 mg/kg/d would be appropriate for use in a clinical study...
  48. ncbi Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling of NSAIDs in a model of reversible inflammation in the cat
    Jerome M Giraudel
    , , France
    Br J Pharmacol 146:642-53. 2005
    ..5-15 mg, that is, between 0.1 and 0.3 mg kg(-1)). 6 These findings indicate the potential value of the cat as a laboratory model, and of a PK/PD modelling approach in assisting NSAID development programs in animals and humans...
  49. ncbi Influence of feeding and analytical method on the bioequivalence of a racemic drug undergoing enantioselective enterohepatic recycling
    Nathalie M-H Priymenko
    , , 23 Chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 3, France
    J Pharm Sci 93:590-600. 2004
    ....