Patrick Ritz

..They are named geriatric core data and should be collected in each trial...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with dietary counseling plus acarbose administration on the symptoms and on the characteristics of the CGM profile...

..Patients undergoing bariatric surgery with a gastric bypass lose about 66% of excess weight. Although this procedure induces weight loss, it is unknown whether it leads to protein malnutrition, which is studied here...

..Two indicators of cellular hydration (TBW over fat free mass, and ICW over fat free mass) were studied...

..Further studies are therefore necessary to challenge the cell swelling theory. If confirmed, strategies to modify cellular hydration could be used to improve metabolic orientations especially in the critically ill...

..Furthermore, a mismatch between oxygen consumption and energy intake may not be sufficient to understand body weight regulation. It appears that the efficiency of adenosine triphosphate production may play a role...

..Aging and insulin resistance are other regulators of this ratio. Finally there is a rising body of evidence linking diabetes to mitochondrial functions...

..No effect of diabetes per se was observed. A 3- or 4-compartmental analysis is necessary to accurately estimate body composition and its changes during weight loss...

....

..This study validates, in geriatric patients, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equations that had been derived to estimate total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) in healthy elderly subjects...

..Among the tools proposed to define malnutrition and to screen persons at risk of malnutrition, the nutritional risk score (NRS) has been suggested as a simple tool...

..They also provide a complete description of the effects of dexamethasone treatment on liver mitochondrial bioenergetics...

..Therefore, it appears that rats not only adapt to food restriction through simple passive mechanisms, such as liver mass loss, but also through decreased mitochondrial energetic metabolism...

..In contrast, none of the variables of energy metabolism determined in gastrocnemius mitochondria was altered by DEX treatment. Therefore, it appears that DEX specifically affects mitochondrial energy metabolism in the liver...

..In conclusion, isolated liver mitochondria from lean and obese insulin-resistant Zucker rats showed strictly the same mitochondrial function. It remains to be elucidated whether adiponectin increase is involved in these results...

..In conclusion, dexamethasone increases mitochondrial capacity to generate ATP by modifying ANT and ATP synthase. The side effect is an increased leak in nonphosphorylating conditions...

..To determine the protein requirements of elderly hospitalized patients...

..The present study evaluated the agreement between measured and predicted REE (mREE and pREE, respectively) and the influence of acute phase response (APR) on REE...

..With a gastric banding failure rate of nearly 40% at 5 years, the need for revisional surgery is increasing. The effect of a failed previous bariatric surgery on the weight loss curve after RYGB is still a controversial issue...

....

....

..To estimate energy intake and energy expenditure (EE) in elderly hospitalized patients recovering from an acute illness...

....

..Controversy exists regarding the potentially increased risks of a single-stage procedure compared with the risks of sleeve gastrectomy first followed by the malabsorptive procedure after an initial weight loss...

..Malnutrition within this population is most likely the result of low energy intake...

..Although weight loss before bariatric surgery may carry advantages during the surgical procedure (decreased liver volume, operation duration, and blood loss), it is still debated whether it induces a greater long-term weight loss...

..Behavorial factors such as recurrent eating disorders and failure to adapt to the changes induced by the surgery may explain at least in part weight loss failure...

..74, P < 0.01), a marker of fetal growth. These results show that maternal smoking is associated with placental mitochondrial dysfunction, which might contribute to restricted fetal growth by limiting energy availability in cells...

..Protein supplementation significantly depressed appetite in the breakfast to lunch period. CONCLUSION: A 250 kcal, 20 g protein supplement depresses hunger without affecting food intake in elderly diseased mildly undernourished persons...

....

..The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of those equations in sick elderly patients, using the Bland and Altman methods with our database of 187 REE measurements...

..This effect would have a modest impact on energy expenditure in rats...

..Therefore, in the initial 6 months, weight gain can be attributed to a 'glucose control-related effect' and further gain appears to be due to a 'non-glucose control-related' effect of insulin treatment...

..However, due to the lack of suitable tools for assessment of hydration status, the effects of hydration on other aspects of day-to-day health and well-being remain to be demonstrated...

..We conclude that REE is not necessarily increased by the presence of diabetes in obese people...

..However, aging is associated with difficulties in adapting to new environmental conditions that lead to stress. Repeated episodes of stress might lead to accumulation of deficits that can affect energy and protein balances...

..The present study compared water spaces and cellular hydration in adults, healthy and diseased aged patients...

..The same finding holds for the proportion of intracellular water to fat-free mass. We conclude that hydration of fat-free mass and cellular hydration are not affected in healthy aging...

..The composition of this weight gain is poorly understood. Predominant increases in fat mass could increase cardiovascular risks. The aim of the study was to evaluate insulin-induced body composition changes...

..Finally, we also consider whether or not these aberrations could be the cause of the development of the disease or whether mitochondrial dysfunction may simply be the consequence of an insulin-resistant state...

..These results suggest that the MP method could be a tool for estimating calorie and protein intakes in many clinical situations...

..CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: We conclude that dexamethasone treatment altered resting in vivo skeletal muscle energy metabolism, by decreasing oxidative phosphorylation, producing ATP at the expense of PCr...

..To assess the relationship between abnormal eating behaviour (AEB) and diabetes in a sample of French adult patients with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes...

..79, P<0.01). We concluded that mitochondrial functions, OXFA and ISI, are not impaired by age but by physical inactivity and are closely correlated...

..However, it is not a valid technique for assessing FM and FFM under these conditions...

..Our study highlights an early step in mitochondrial adaptation to FR and the influence of the severity of restriction on this adaptation. This step may be involved in an aging-retardation process...

..However, it is not being recognized because of significant underestimation of self-reported food intake, which appears to be associated with increased dietary restraint...

..We concluded that mitochondria are the target of multiple dexamethasone-induced regulatory pathways that are set up gradually after the beginning of hormone exposure and that durably influence mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation...

..The secondary objective was to assess the effect of the therapy on energy expenditure and muscular function...

..However, the degree of compensation varied considerably among individuals. The present study captured the initial compensation in EI for exercise-induced energy deficits. Total compensation would take a matter of weeks...