Richard Moreau

..The question of which colloid (albumin or synthetic colloids) used for plasma expansion following paracentesis or other complications requiring fluid loading in patients with cirrhosis remains controversial...

....

....

..Further studies are needed in all these fields...

..In patients with cirrhosis, refractory ascites is associated with a poor prognosis and is an indication for liver transplantation. However, factors that determine prognosis remain unclear...

..Studies are needed on the natural course and treatment (e.g., renal-replacement therapy) of acute tubular necrosis in patients with cirrhosis...

..Little is known about the natural course and treatment (i.e., renal replacement therapy) of cirrhosis-associated acute tubular necrosis...

..Terlipressin administration may be a novel approach for the treatment of arterial hypotension and hyporeactivity to alpha(1)-adrenergic constrictors in patients with cirrhosis and septic shock...

..In contrast, administration of the vasopressin analog terlipressin, a splanchnic and systemic vasoconstrictor, may improve renal function and be used while awaiting liver transplantation...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of PICD before and after discontinuation of beta-blockers in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites. A self control cross-over study was performed...

..Transplant candidates should be systematically screened for carriage, and posttransplant infection in carriers should be treated with carbapenems...

..True GFR seems to have a better prognostic value than creatinine and creatinine-based equations. Specific equations are needed in patients with cirrhosis to improve prognostic scores...

..These results were confirmed in isolated monocytes from these patients. This suggests that administration of rHDL might be a useful strategy for the treatment of cirrhosis to limit LPS-induced cytokine overproduction...

..This study assessed the prognostic value of severe hyponatremia and the MELDNa score in these patients...

..In this study, we investigated the signal transduction pathway of bacterial translocation-induced aortic NOS up-regulation in cirrhotic rats...

..This lack of gene induction may be explained by the inhibiting action of HCV per se (as suggested by in vitro studies) and/or by our finding of the localized nature of hepatocyte ER stress...

..Animal studies have shown that altered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response initiates intestinal inflammation in epithelial tissues, but abnormalities associated with ER stress have not been identified in patients with UC...

..In addition to the acute damage caused by reactive species, decreased levels of mitochondrial transcripts contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the regulation of eNOS and its major modulators in the liver and aorta during the development of cirrhosis in rats...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of modulating aortic and superior mesenteric arteries (SMA) iNOS on arterial eNOS activity and expression in rats with cirrhosis...

..The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the presence of bactDNA in AF and serum among cirrhotic outpatients with non-neutrocytic ascites...

..This study aimed to assess the incidence, severity, and risk factors of major bleeding in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) receiving anticoagulation therapy...

..This suggests that preventing and treating SIRS could decrease mortality in patients with cirrhosis and acute renal failure...

..CONCLUSION: The use of beta-blockers is associated with poor survival in patients with refractory ascites. These results suggest that beta-blockers should be contraindicated in these patients...

..We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of its effects in patients with cirrhosis...

..This retrospective, one-point-in-time study aimed to report the results of the analysis of renal biopsy specimens obtained in patients with cirrhosis...

..However, approximately half of the isolates belong to familiar clonal groups and exhibit extensive virulence profiles that may be associated with greater invasive potential...

..To reassess the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis admitted to the intensive care unit...

..MELD exceptions were discussed in an attempt to reconcile the concepts of transparency, equity, justice, and utility...

..Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is the best option in case of end-stage liver disease. The impact of hepatic hydrothorax on pre-transplant and post-transplant courses has not been clearly investigated...

..Thus, we investigated the role of GSK3 in LPS-induced cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or monocytes from patients with advanced cirrhosis and normal subjects...

..This suggests that the decrease in circulating HDL in cirrhosis plays a role in the excessive proinflammatory response and intrahepatic eNOS down-regulation...

..Therefore, the relationships between NOS and PKC activities were studied in cirrhotic rat aortas...

....

..CONCLUSION: These results suggest that increased renal cAMP-PDE activity is responsible for resistance to the natriuretic effects of cAMP in cirrhosis and plays a role in the development of ascites...

..Because hepatic infarction is usually explained by the concurrence of several factors impairing the hepatic blood supply, an extensive search for associated conditions is necessary even when a conspicuous cause is present...

..To assess the effect of tezosentan, a parenteral dual ET receptor antagonist, on splanchnic and systemic hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis. In addition, the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of tezosentan were evaluated...

..New drug molecules should be screened for possible mitochondrial effects...

....

..Although most of these noninvasive methods effectively identify severe portal hypertension, methods for diagnosing moderate portal hypertension need to be developed; this shows that further investigation is needed in this field...

..47). In conclusion, BSIs are frequent and early complications after liver transplantation and are mostly caused by gram-negative bacilli. A BSI in the first posttransplant month is a significant predictor of 1-year survival...

..Neither genotype nor viral load influenced the autophagy level. In conclusion, autophagy is altered in hepatocytes from CHC patients, likely due to a blockade of the last step of the autophagic process...

..In addition, the absence of portopulmonary hypertension at evaluation does not exclude the occasional occurrence of acquired portopulmonary hypertension profile after listing...

..This study shows that the ramR and soxR genes control the expression of efflux systems in K. pneumoniae and suggests the existence of efflux pumps other than AcrAB and of other loci involved in the regulation of AcrAB expression...

..Norfloxacin may reduce HPS severity by inhibiting Gram-negative bacterial translocation, thereby decreasing NO production by pulmonary intravascular macrophages. Bacterial translocation may be the key to the pathogenesis of HPS...

..This decrease in autophagy contributes to the formation of Mallory-Denk bodies and to liver cell death. Hepatic autophagy is defective in the liver in obesity and its upregulation improves insulin sensitivity...

..We investigated the cellular origins of MPs in plasma from patients with cirrhosis and assessed the contribution of MPs to arterial vasodilation, a mechanism that contributes to portal hypertension...

..Hence, common mechanisms appear to be shared by diseases of distinct origins, indicating that common environmental factors may influence the development of IgAN...

..CONCLUSION: Asymptomatic hypoxemia is common in patients with severe cirrhosis but it is not a predictive factor of short-term complications or mortality. These results should be considered when deciding on liver transplantation...

..Conclusion: In patients with advanced cirrhosis, peripheral blood monocytes spontaneously produce proinflammatory cytokines, presumably in response to unrestricted TLR signaling...

..Thus, we investigated ex vivo the signaling pathways of TNF-alpha production before and after LPS incubation in monocytes from noninfected Child-Pugh C patients with advanced cirrhosis and healthy subjects...

..In patients with cirrhosis, severe sepsis may stimulate the extrinsic coagulation pathway resulting in thrombin generation and fibrin formation...

..MR cholangiography coupled with MR portography is an effective noninvasive examination for simultaneous visualization of bile ducts and their relationship to the cavernoma...

..An increased level of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an objective marker for acute liver injury. We analyzed the significance of changes in ALT levels in Budd-Chiari syndrome patients...

..Acute liver insufficiency is a rare complication of anorexia nervosa. The mechanisms for this complication are unclear. The aim of this study was to describe patient characteristics and clarify the mechanisms involved...

..We assessed the role of the G(-463)A-MPO, T(-262)C-CAT, Ala16Val-SOD2, and Pro198Leu-GPx1 variants in modulating HCC development in patients with HCV-induced cirrhosis...

..Moreover, it has no major effect on gas exchange in patients with cirrhosis without hypoxemia...

..CONCLUSION: Measurement of the hepatic venous pressure gradient is not helpful in the prognostic assessment in a select group of patients with severe alcoholic cirrhosis...

..Although the administration of terlipressin improves renal function, its effect on survival is unknown. This study investigated predictive factors of survival in patients with type 1 HRS treated with terlipressin...

..9%. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the low prevalence of SBP in asymptomatic outpatients according to a priori defined criteria, and indicates an absence of diagnostic efficacy for this specific strip test...

..In the model of prolonged ethanol consumption, the protective effects of DFO suggested the role of iron reacting with hydrogen peroxide to form mtDNA-damaging hydroxyl radical...

..In candidates for transplantation, attention should therefore be focused on vascular lesions which may represent a risk factor for nephrotoxicities induced by calcineurin-inhibitors...

..Vasopressor therapy with terlipressin plus intravenous albumin is the medical treatment of choice for type 1 HRS...

..This study is the first to report the involvement of GSK3β in TNF-α induced mtDNA depletion. We suggest that p53 binding to GSK3β, TFAM and D-loop could induce recovery of mtDNA content through mtDNA repair...

..Pharmacological treatments of hypervolemic hyponatremia using drugs that antagonize the binding of AVP to V2 receptors are under evaluation in patients with cirrhosis...

..This finding provides the molecular basis for the role of NOX1 in cell proliferation and postmitotic differentiation...

..The aim of the present retrospective study was to investigate the predictive factors and prognosis of patients with type 1 HRS treated with terlipressin...

..We hypothesized that an altered UPR in the liver may sensitize cirrhotic livers to LPS-induced, TNFalpha-mediated apoptosis. Thus, we examined in vivo UPR and NF-kappaB activity in livers from cirrhotic and normal LPS-challenged rats...

..Liver transplantation should be considered for all ascitic patients, and this should preferably be performed prior to the development of renal dysfunction to prevent further compromise of their prognosis...