Gérald M London

..The risks, benefits, and strength of evidence for various treatment options for the abnormalities of CKD-MBD are considered...

..The mechanisms responsible for arterial calcification include alterations of mineral metabolism and expression of mineral-regulating proteins...

..These studies have focused the attention on the physical properties of large arteries and on the way they influence the level of systolic and pulse pressures along the arterial tree...

..Small blood volume increase producing abnormally high pressure while small decrease in blood volume could be associated with deep hypotension...

..This short review aims to illustrate these possible mechanisms...

..Accelerated arterial aging and inadequate outward arterial remodeling are observed in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Whether these changes could be closely associated with arterial calcifications has never been investigated...

..Inflammation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species are the principal common pathways linking bone and arterial pathologies...

..ACE inhibitors increased AC and reduced WR, and it has been shown that reversibility of aortic stiffening and use of ACE inhbitors had favorable independent effect on survival in hypertensive patients with advanced renal disease...

..Effects of different drugs on systolic BP, diastolic BP, and pulse pressure are therefore of interest...

..These results suggest that nutritional vitamin D deficiency and low 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) could be associated with arteriosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction in patients who have ESRD and are on hemodialysis...

..AC is responsible for stiffening of the arteries with increased left ventricular afterload and abnormal coronary perfusion as the principal clinical consequences...

..Independent of any other factor, including dosage of calcium-containing phosphate binders, adynamic bone was associated with greater aortic stiffening, suggesting cross-talk between the bone and arterial walls...

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..AC is responsible for stiffening of the arteries with increased left ventricular afterload and abnormal coronary perfusion as the principal clinical consequences...

..Considering the different mechanisms associated with increased SBP, individualized therapeutic approaches will require knowledge of the patient's unique profile of arterial stiffness and wave reflection characteristics...

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..16 to 1.90; P<0.0001) for CV mortality. These results provide the first direct evidence that in ESRF patients increased effect of arterial wave reflections is an independent predictor of all-cause and CV mortality...

..72 (95% confidence interval, 0.51 to 0.90) for mortality due to CV disease. These results show that a partial LVH regression in patients with ESRD had a favorable and independent effect on patients' all-cause and CV survival...

..To improve the clinical outcomes in ESRD, it is essential to prevent LVH and its complications by correcting the factors that contribute to flow and pressure overload, including anaemia...

..However, response to such treatment may be limited in patients with microinflammation and raised levels of C-reactive protein...

..The present review summarizes the most recent works dealing with the pathophysiology of CVD and some aspects of the therapeutic approach...

..Calcium-free, metal-free phosphate binders such as sevelamer can reduce calcification scores...

..3 +/- 15.4 g/m(2)) than atenolol (-5.3 +/- 15.1 g/m(2); p = 0.031). Relative to atenolol, Per/Ind selectively targets SBP and PP, which could be important in reducing cardiovascular risk...

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..The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of AMC in relationship to all-cause or CV mortality for stable haemodialysis (HD) patients...

..This article examines some of the pathophysiological aspects of LVH in patients with ESRD...

..Vascular endothelium, recognized as a large and complex endocrine organ strategically located between the wall of the blood vessel and the blood stream, could be the link between these two processes evolving during the same course...

..In conclusion, anaemia is a contributory factor to LVH in renal disease and cardiovascular damage starts at an early stage. Therefore, early intervention to treat anaemia in these patients can prevent or delay this damage...

..The amlodipine-valsartan combination decreased central (systolic and pulse) pressure and AIx more than the amlodipine-atenolol combination...

..Endothelial dysfunction occurs in hypertension, cardiac insufficiency, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, whose renal failure is associated with many of those cardiovascular diseases (CVD)...

..Changes in arterial mechanics, non invasively measured, were the same (pulse wave velocity) or in favour of Per/Ind vs atenolol (higher reduction in aortic wave reflection, with higher reductions in central systolic and pulse pressures)...