Martyn Plummer

..Taken together, these observations suggest that HPV vaccination may prevent the majority of cervical cancers by delaying HPV infection without necessarily providing lifetime protection against HPV...

..These results are consistent with other case-control studies in high-risk populations and highlight the difficulties of investigating H. pylori infection in retrospective studies...

..Epidemiologic evidence suggests that a diet rich in fresh fruit and vegetables could be a protective factor against this disease. This effect may be mediated through antioxidant vitamins...

..Most infections and associated lesions clear spontaneously. It is important to define the determinants and timing of clearance, so that viral persistence can be recognized and managed...

..Finally, projections of the number of cases of cervical cancer following the introduction of mass vaccination are given for developed and developing countries...

..Another deviance-based loss function, derived from the same decision-theoretic framework, is applied to mixture models, which have previously been considered an unsuitable application for DIC...

..pylori genes to the severity and progression of precancerous lesions is not well defined...

..The estimates may be calculated iteratively with a simple algorithm. A benchmark for validating the floated variance estimates is also proposed and an interpretation of floating confidence intervals is given...

..This analysis is part of a series of analyses of cofactors of HPV in the aetiology of cervical cancer...

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..1 to 0.2% with a peak occurring at teenage and young adult ages. This article forms part of a special supplement entitled "Comprehensive Control of HPV Infections and Related Diseases" Vaccine Volume 30, Supplement 5, 2012...

..Other risk factors such as oral contraceptive use and multiparity that have been associated with cervical cancer or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 were not associated with short-term HPV persistence...

..The different results by genotyping method suggest that the apparent clustering of HPV infections was an artifact of the measurement process. Further investigation is required to evaluate other widely used HPV detection methods...

..To evaluate clustering patterns of prevalent infection with multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) types in 3677 men from the HPV in Men (HIM) study...

..To evaluate clustering patterns of prevalent infection with multiple human papillomavirus (HPV) types in 8365 nonhysterectomized women from the Guanacaste Study of HPV Natural History...

..Infections with certain viruses, bacteria, and parasites have been identified as strong risk factors for specific cancers. An update of their respective contribution to the global burden of cancer is warranted...

..Having had over 50 lifetime sexual partners, compared with only one, was associated with an odds ratio of 2.3...

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..The design of such studies is briefly considered for two areas: Southern India and South Korea. This paper is available at: http://www.insp.mx/salud/index.html...

..To examine statistical models that account for correlation between random errors of different dietary assessment methods, in dietary validation studies...

..Cervical cancer risk is associated with low education even in an unscreened population, but it is not clear whether human papillomavirus (HPV) infection follows the same pattern...

..7), nulligravidity (OR=2.3), and condom use (OR=2.6). It is unclear how much low clearance of, or frequent reinfection with HPV accounted for the study prevalence of infection in different age groups...

..A majority of ICC was associated with HPV16 or 18 in all regions, but approximately a quarter of all ICC cases were associated with one of 16 other HPV types, their distribution varying by region...

..There were only 3 disagreements out of 364 paired genotyping results for pre- and post-WGA DNAs, indicating an error rate of 0.82%. These results are encouraging for expanding the use of poor DNA resources in genotyping studies...

..Smoking increases the risk of squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix, but it is not clear whether smoking increases the risk of acquisition or persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection...

..When the data and the literature allow, we distinguish between cardia and noncardia sub-sites, as it is now clear that these two anatomic locations present distinct and sometimes opposite epidemiological characteristics...

..There was some evidence of familial aggregation of gastric cancer. These findings will have important implications in planning preventive strategies for gastric cancer in Venezuela...

..Oxidative stress is reduced by bacterial eradication in the first stages of mild gastritis. Moderate-severe gastritis may be a step that is reversible for iNOS, but partly irreversible for NTYR and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine...

..60, 95% CI=1.01-2.54, and OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.43-0.99). We conclude that genetic variability in the genes we studied does not play a major role in the early stages of gastric carcinogenesis...

..Observed was slower clearance in parous women (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.89) and faster clearance in ever users of oral contraceptives (RR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.77)...

..However, there were no inverse associations with plasma antioxidant vitamins. These findings offer important public health implications in preventing progression of HP-associated gastric precancerous lesions in high-risk populations...

..The present study provides important evidence suggesting host-bacterial interactions in the development of gastric precancerous lesions...

..The aim of the study was to assess the effects of genetic polymorphisms in anti-inflammatory mediators, i.e., IL10, IL4 and IL4R on the prevalence of gastric precancerous lesions and their interactions with other environmental factors...

..Information from 24 studies worldwide is pooled here to investigate the association between cervical carcinoma and pattern of oral contraceptive use...

..Nevertheless, our data raise a concern about the cervical cancer burden in areas where reliable cervical cancer statistics do not exist but where the prevalence of high-risk HPV in women over age 45 is high...

..These results suggest that genetic polymorphisms in HP LPS signaling may be implicated in the development of intermediate stages of gastric premalignant lesions...