G M Clifford

..Immunodeficiency and AIDS-related pulmonary infections have been suggested as independent causes of lung cancer among HIV-infected persons, in addition to smoking...

..This article describes for open discussion an approach recently taken by a World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs Working Group to re-assess the carcinogenicity of different HPV types...

..To investigate HIV-related immunodeficiency as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among persons infected with HIV, while controlling for the effect of frequent coinfection with hepatitis C and B viruses...

..In conclusion, HL risk does not appear to be increasing in recent years or among PHIV using cART in Switzerland, and there was no evidence that HL risk should be increased in the setting of improved immunity...

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..It is not known to what extent these different types are associated with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and cancer...

..After HPV-16/18, the six most common HPV types are the same in all world regions, namely 31, 33, 35, 45, 52 and 58; these account for an additional 20% of cervical cancers worldwide...

..We aimed to compare HPV-type distribution in representative samples of women from different world regions...

..Some regional differences in the relative importance of HPV genotypes in LSIL were noted...

..These data suggest that HSILs infected with HPV16, 18 and 45 preferentially progress to SCC. This may have implications for follow-up protocols of future HPV-based cervical cancer screening programmes and for HPV vaccine trials...

..Concerns have been raised that the proportion of cervical cancer preventable by human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 vaccines might be lower in sub-Saharan Africa than elsewhere...

..A majority of ICC was associated with HPV16 or 18 in all regions, but approximately a quarter of all ICC cases were associated with one of 16 other HPV types, their distribution varying by region...

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..It also led to marked increases in their life expectancy...

..06; 95% CI, 0.02-0.17). Thirty-three out of 52 (63.5%) KS cases among HAART users arose among PWHA who had stopped treatment or used HAART for less than 6 months...

..Smoking increases the risk of squamous-cell carcinoma of the cervix, but it is not clear whether smoking increases the risk of acquisition or persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection...

..37; 95% CI: 1.03-5.43). No relationships between NHL risk and anti-HBc or HBsAg emerged. Coinfection with HIV and HCV or HBV did not increase NHL risk compared to HIV alone in the SHCS...

..In contrast, HPV seropositivity among men was not associated with sexual behavior or the presence of HPV DNA. Seroprevalence correlates with genital HPV exposure in young women, but its meaning in young men is unclear...

..No significant difference in HPV positivity was observed by educational level, sexual habits, reproductive history or use of contraceptive methods in this rural low-income Chinese population...

..Few human papillomavirus (HPV) seroprevalence studies have been carried out in women from low-resource countries...

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..Our study showed an effect of both women's and their husbands' sexual behavior on HPV positivity. Furthermore, it suggests some differences in the pattern of the association between sexual behavior and different HPV types...

..0; 95% confidence interval, 0.2-5.4). TP53 inactivation is a major mechanism of HPV-related carcinogenesis in the oral cavity and oropharynx. The role of HPV in cancers also containing TP53 mutations remains to be clarified...

..Small sample size and publication bias complicate the assessment of the prevalence of HPV in head and neck sites beyond the oropharynx...

..These differences, however, underline that great caution should be used in inferring the natural history of HPV from age-specific prevalences...

..This proportion would be similar for the corresponding high-grade lesions of the vagina and anus, but higher for VIN2/3 (75%) than for vulvar carcinoma...

..Factors that favour a small proportion of HPV16 infections to progress to cancer are still poorly understood, but several studies have implicated a role of HPV16 genetic variation...

..To assess the long-term effect of HAART on non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) incidence in people with HIV (PHIV)...

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..Data on HPV-typed ICC and HSIL cases were particularly scarce from large regions of Africa and Central Asia...

..The aim was to assess the risk of depression with alpha 1-blockers independently of that associated with symptoms being treated and concurrent illness...

..The accompanying postponement of surgery/catheterization is likely to be a result, at least in part, of successful earlier medical treatment and the treatment of a greater proportion of symptomatic men...

..CONCLUSIONS: This study could not offer any evidence to support an association between exposure to alpha1-blockers and liver injury in men with LUTS/BPH...