Robert G Kelly

..The few downstream target genes that have been identified indicate a wide range of downstream effectors...

..Epigenetic mechanisms may therefore be involved in maintaining patterning of the mammalian myocardium...

..25 and 10.5. These data suggest that arterial pole myocardium originates outside the classical heart field...

..Discovery of the anterior heart-forming field has important implications for the interpretation of cardiac defects in mouse mutants and for the study of human congenital heart disease...

..This study demonstrates the differences in the embryological origin of right and left ventricular myocardium, which has important implications for congenital heart disease...

..These results are not consistent with the prespecification of the cardiac tube as a segmented structure. They are discussed in the context of different heart fields and of the evolution of the heart...

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..Tendons constitute one of the neural crest derivatives likely to interact with muscle formation. However, head tendon formation has not been studied, nor have tendon and muscle interactions in the head...

..Previous studies of hypomorphic and conditional Fgf8 mutants show disrupted outflow tract (OFT) and right ventricle (RV) development, whereas Fgf10 mutants do not have detectable OFT defects...

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..These findings identify novel genetic networks that may provide insights into myopathies which often affect only subsets of muscles...

..Together our observations provide insights into the regulation of fetal myogenesis and the mechanisms by which temporally distinct genetic programs are integrated at a single locus...

..We propose that failure of normal rotation of OFT myocardium may underlie major forms of congenital heart disease...

..We discuss how the characteristics of myocardial cell growth, which we describe, underlie the formation of the heart tube and its subsequent regionalised expansion...

..Our findings provide a paradigm for transcriptional mechanisms that underlie the changes in regulatory networks during the transition from progenitor state to that of the differentiated tissue...

..MLC3F transgenes, however, maintain an embryonic-like distribution throughout development suggesting that myocardial gene expression is controlled by distinct temporal, as well as spatial, regulatory modules...

..These results suggest that temporal regulation of transcription at the MLC1F/3F locus is controlled by separate enhancers which are differentially activated during embryonic and fetal development...

..How each of these regulatory modules acts and how their individual activites are integrated to coordinate transcription at this locus are discussed...

..Surprisingly, however, X-gal staining showed that, in this mutant, hyoid arch-derived facial muscles were either reduced or absent, thus revealing that Met also contributes to the development of muscles in the head...

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..Our results implicate second heart field development in coronary artery patterning and provide new insights into the association between conotruncal defects and coronary artery anomalies...

..While no abnormalities in branchiomeric myogenesis were detected in Tbx1(+/-) mice, reduced TBX1 levels may contribute to pharyngeal hypotonia in del22q11.2 patients...

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..The divergent myogenic fates of adjacent progenitor cells revealed by these data provide a new framework for the study of craniofacial myogenesis...

..Furthermore, although normal Fgf10 levels are dependent on Tbx1, loss of Fgf10 alleles does not significantly modify the cardiac phenotype of Tbx1 heterozygous or homozygous mutant embryos...

..In order to define the role of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling in this process we investigated whether Fgf10 or the major Fgf10 receptor Fgfr2-IIIb are required for normal heart development...

..Examination of the orientation as well as the distribution of labeled cells in clusters provides new insights into the morphogenesis of the septum...

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