Jean Bourhis

..Comparison of the different types of altered radiotherapy suggests that hyperfractionation has the greatest benefit...

..We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a combination of these approaches...

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..The two regimens are currently being tested in an ongoing randomized study and also being compared to moderately accelerated RT and concomitant CT...

..Finally, larynx preservation is generally not proposed in patients with deeply infiltrating tumors and or tumor invading the cartilage or soft tissue in the neck (T4)...

..It will be also possible to study the effect(s) of amifostine in different tumor types...

..Promising activity has also been observed with a number of other EGFR inhibitors, both MAbs and tyrosine kinase inhibitors...

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..This was an open, randomized, multicenter, phase I/II study to investigate the safety and tolerability of cetuximab in the first-line treatment of recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN)...

..In addition, other promising ways to modulate radiation-induced response concern extracellular or tissue factors such as hypoxia and angiogenesis...

..This article provides an overview of randomized studies of altered fractionated radiotherapy (RT) in Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma...

..The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of a strong increase of the dose-intensity of concomitant radio-chemotherapy (RT-CT) in patients with far advanced non metastatic HNSCC...

..The aim of this study was to assess whether amifostine could minimize acute mucositis induced by a very accelerated irradiation regimen in patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)...

..In conclusion, we found a novel effect on DNA repair of the CDK inhibitor roscovitine, which acts as a radiosensitizer in vitro and in vivo in breast cancer cells lacking a functional p53...

..Altogether, these data support the contention that AZD1152 mediates radiosensitization in vivo by enhancing mitotic catastrophe, which can be used as a biomarker of treatment efficacy...

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..Among these new targets, we identified the Rho/ROCK pathway and thought to investigate whether pravastatin treatment inhibits Rho pathway activation and elicits an antifibrotic action...

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..This would allow a reduction in the duration and cost of the development of new treatments...

..This model could provide in vivo evidence of the antitumor efficacy of combining a MMP inhibitor with ionizing radiation to target radiation-induced invasion and angiogenesis...

..These data suggested that Ritonavir could clinically improve the tumor response to radiation therapy, especially in head and neck carcinoma...

..The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the impact of amifostine on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients treated with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy...

..This study showed that the combination of cidofovir with ionizing radiation has an antiangiogenic effect associated with VEGF inhibition subsequent to E6 inhibition and TP53 restoration...

..The Groupe d'Etude des Tumeurs de la Tête et du Cou and Groupe d'Oncologie Radiothérapie Tête Et Cou groups performed a randomized study to assess its efficacy...

..This demonstrates that established fibrotic tissue is not scarred fixed tissue but is subjected to a dynamic remodeling process...

..Finally management of treatment related acute or late toxicity remains an important issue and in the last decade major achievements have been obtained in this field especially using intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)...

..Salvage surgery after concomitant chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is challenging because of its associated morbidity/mortality and the poor prognoses of these patients...

..These data suggest a novel and highly translatable therapeutic approach to cervix cancer, by inhibition of adhesion and invasion of circulating HPV-positive tumor cells, using Cidofovir and/or ROCK inhibition...

..Altogether these results suggest that Chir-124-mediated radiosensitization is profoundly influenced by the p53 and cell cycle checkpoint system...

..The present study evaluated the efficacy of combining BCL-2 ODN and radiation in small-cell lung cancers (SCLC) cell lines...

..CONCLUSION: Salvage surgery for relapse after very accelerated radiotherapy for advanced HNSCC is infrequently feasible and is of limited survival benefit. It should be used only in carefully selected cases...

..The aim of this study was to determine the rate of occult neck node metastasis and the surgical morbidity of patients after salvage surgery for local relapse after definitive radiotherapy...

..Future randomised trials should also aim to establish optimal chemotherapy regimens for combination with radiotherapy...

..e. the mucosa, the mesenchyme, and blood vessels. Functional studies will be necessary to validate the present results...

..Mixed treatment comparison (MTC) meta-analysis allows one to perform simultaneous inference regarding all treatments and select the best among them...

..However the heterogeneity of the results limited the conclusions and prompted us to confirm the results on a more complete database by adding the randomised trials conducted between 1994 and 2000...

..We aimed to evaluate whether a daily PI is worthwhile and we derived the Planning Target Volume (PTV) margins from the estimation of systematic and random errors...

..The down-regulation of DNA-PKcs was reversible in CD34(+) CML cells suggesting that this approach might offer a novel and powerful therapeutic strategy in this disease, especially to delay the blast crisis. (Blood. 2001;97:2084-2090)..

..To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of oral cisplatin (CP Ethypharm®) in combination with radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the recommended dose for phase II trials...

..Preliminary evidence suggests that cetuximab could be incorporated into induction management strategies. Taken together, these data support an important role for cetuximab in the treatment paradigm for locoregionally advanced SCCHN...

..A long-term follow-up will be needed to evaluate potential late treatment complications related to the use of IMRT and the low or moderate irradiation dose level obtained in the pelvis and in the whole body...

..We report the experience of two French cancer centers in the treatment of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in patients aged 80 years...

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..The therapeutic potential of acute administration of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) against acute and chronic intestinal injury was investigated in this study...

..Here we report all the different published clinical trials focusing on efficacy and toxicity in order to clarify and to summarise the present state-of-the-art of this particularly promising combination in solid tumour management...

..Four cell lines groups showing different DSB repair and/or chromatin impairments were defined. Cell lines exhibiting both DSB repair defect and chromatin relaxation are the most radiosensitive...

..The combination of RAF and mTOR inhibitors is effective for enhancing antitumoral effects in cells with deregulation of both RAS-RAF and PI3K, possibly through the cross-inhibition of 4E binding protein 1 and S6 protein...

..Indeed, the feasibility of this approach has been shown, and may be associated with a curative potential in a relatively low proportion of these relapses...

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..The database included nearly 120 randomized trials, and about 25,000 patients, with a median follow-up of 6 years...

..These results suggest that Tyrphostin AG 1024 could be used as a potential therapeutic agent in combination with irradiation...

..These results prompted the authors to initiate a multicentric randomized trial that is ongoing (GETTEC-GORTEC 99-01) to evaluate the benefit of adjuvant radiochemotherapy in these types of patients...

..Nonetheless, the optimal radiation dose is not yet known. Here, we report feasibility and early toxicities of APBI delivering 40 Gy over 5 days, in a phase II trial...

..To assess the benefit of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) compared with conventional RT for the quality of life (QOL) of head and neck cancer survivors...

..Several trials have studied the role of altered fractionation radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, but the effect of such treatment on survival is not clear...

..This study was premised on the finding that telomere dysfunction and DNA repair pathways were related to many pathologic conditions...

..Radiation therapy plays a key role in the management of head and neck cancers (HNCs). We reviewed the recent advances in radiotherapy of HNCs and the role of imaging in treatment planning...

..In conclusion, the experience obtained to date in HNSCC patients treated with radiotherapy supports the selective cytoprotective activity of amifostine to minimize radiation effects while apparently not diminishing tumor control...

..We examined the potential therapeutic effect of NS398, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, combined with irradiation on human prostate adenocarcinoma DU145 cells...

..Particularly, their addition to the reference treatments that are chemo-radiotherapy is studied. The first clinical results will be detailed, as well as their biological explanation...

..Finally, we have examined the impact of new cytotoxic agents and present the promising results of new taxane-based combinations...

..These findings could clinically be exploited to increase the dismal response rates of MCL patients to the current chemotherapy regimens...

..To report the long-term results after definitive radiotherapy (RT) for pyriform sinus squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)...

..To compare compliance with and efficacy of intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) amifostine for the treatment of patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer...

..The purpose of this study was to assess the role of treatment in long-term overall and cardiovascular mortality after childhood cancer...

..We conclude that this improved survival might be due either to docetaxel's pharmacologic effect or to uncontrolled prognostic factors...

..The magnitude of the benefit according to tumour site is unknown as well as their potential interactions with patient or trial characteristics...

..Further investigations are warranted with regard to the molecular mechanisms underlying its actions and its dependency regarding p53 status...

..This transition also signals a substantial worsening of prognosis. Here, we review the most important findings in prostate carcinogenesis and the molecular anomalies associated with the androgen-refractory stage...

..Hence, further studies need to be conducted to assess toxicities, doses and sequences of the combination. Numerous of phases I and II clinical trials are ongoing and answers are awaited...

..This suggests the potential interest of the combination between anti-EGFR drugs and cytotoxic agents, especially ionizing radiation with promising results obtained at the clinical level in locally advanced HNC...

..The magnitude of the differential effect suggests that n-3 PUFAs need to be further investigated in the clinic...

..3) Strategies which are not targeted against the tumor but the microenvironment, especially angiogenesis. This type of approaches seems to be applicable independently of tumor intrinsic biologic related factors...

..This modulation of DNA-PK activity was a rapid phenomenon occurring within the 2 h following low-dose radiation exposure. These data strongly suggest the implication of the DNA-PK repair complex in the HRS phenomenon...

..In conclusion, the combination of IR and S16020 seems promising to enhance antitumor activity without increasing deleterious effect in normal tissues and to provide the basis for a new radio-chemotherapy combination...

..CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy led to a small, but significant, benefit for overall survival and event-free survival. This benefit was essentially observed when chemotherapy was administered concomitantly with RT...

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..The data suggest that conditioning regimens including TBI should not be used when a bone marrow transplantation procedure is planned in these patients...

..To investigate the expression of a new fibrogenic cytokine the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in intestinal radiation fibrosis and to characterize the mesenchymal cell subtypes involved in CTGF synthesis and collagen deposition...

..To report the efficacy of botulinum toxin A for radiation-induced pain, trismus, and masticator spasm in head and neck cancer...

..The impact of learning effects on the variability of costs of new health technologies in a prospective payment system (PPS) through the case of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was studied...

..For 70 % of the patients, reimbursement did not offset the cost of treatment. A financial support for hospitals implementing the technique is essential during the whole learning period...

..The results showed a small but significant improvement in favor of altered fractionated RT for overall survival and local control with an absolute benefit at five years of 3 and 6%, respectively...

..Therefore, these data suggest that Tyrphostin AG1024 could represent the basis of a novel therapy for STI571 refractory CML...

..Here, we report the original dosimetric results of this technique...

..To study chromosomal abnormalities in 49 patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), before and after treatment and at several times during a 2-year period...

..To evaluate the accuracy of sentinel node biopsy for assessing the neck status for those patients with squamous cell carcinoma T1T2N0 of oral cavity...

..We investigated JCV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 74 Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and 91 B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) patients...

..Altogether, these data indicate that AZD1152 can radiosensitize tumor cell lines in vitro and in vivo, the fact that these effects are exacerbated in p53-deficient cancer cells is of potential interest for further clinical development...

..04 and 0.02, respectively. Different prognostic subgroups were identified, with 2-year PFS of 86%, 57%, and 19% for pts with no MVL, MVL without CE, and MVL with CE, respectively. MVL and CE seem to predict short-term outcome in ULGG pts...

..We did three meta-analyses of the impact of survival on chemotherapy added to locoregional treatment...

..However, specific trials concerning aged patients with head and neck cancer, quality of life and radiotherapy are warranted...

..The purpose of the present article was to evaluate indications, regimens, treatment modalities, and predictive factors of response to treatment in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN)...

..Therefore, we tried to define their incidence in such patients, to determine an in vitro dose-effect relationship, and to correlate these data with clinical parameters...

..These data provide the basis for a novel anticancer strategy to improve the therapeutic ratio in virus-related cancers, which needs to be further investigated for clinical applications...

..These results demonstrate that PHA680632 in association with radiation leads to an additive effect in cancer cells, especially in the p53-deficient cells, but does not act as a radiosensitiser in vitro or in vivo...

..It suggests that specific inhibition of Rho kinase may be a promising approach for the development of antifibrotic therapies...

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..Then illustrated examples on Computed Tomography are provided. This delineation approach appears to be useful with 3D-CRT and IMRT for adapting dose delivery to the complex spread of laryngeal cancer...