T Lebret

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..To prevent recurrence, both (superficial or infiltrating) tumour require very strict follow-up for many years...

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..The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients who underwent neobladder replacement despite bladder cancer metastasis to the regional lymph nodes...

..The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic decision taken in four RCP in Paris Île-de-France academic centres for three identical cases...

..e., 1-year follow-up) should be evaluated. This pilot series permits a comparative study with TURP to assess the benefits for patients and the health care system...

..Early introduction of docetaxel raises the issue of when to start chemotherapy as it may be relevant to initiate this treatment before the onset of hormone independence. GETUG 15 trial will try to answer this question...

..To evaluate the impact of imperative indication on the rate of complications and long term carcinological results after partial nephrectomy (PN)...

..Until results of prospective studies, the cytoreductive nephrectomy should be still considered as component of the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma...

..Precise predictive factors of recurrence are needed to better define indications of first and other lines of treatment in specific situations such as non-resected residual seminoma...

..VEGF binds to his receptors present on endothelial cells to promote tumoral angiogenesis. Targeted therapy inhibit tumoral blood vessels growth and involves probably others complex mechanisms...

..Nevertheless many other areas have also been described. Using Pubmed and Cochrane the most exhaustive research possible has been carried out to list these secondary prostate carcinoma lesions...

..Nevertheless many other areas have also been described. Using Pubmed and Cochrane the most exhaustive research possible has been carried out to list these secondary urothelial carcinoma lesions...

..Nevertheless many other areas have also been described. Using Pubmed and Cochrane the most exhaustive research possible has been carried out to list these secondary renal carcinoma lesions...

..The scales of assessment of competitive morbidity and measurement of the level of activity now available provide useful prognostic information to help the urologist to make the best decision concerning the therapeutic approach...

..Study and evaluate the orthotopic Z-shaped neobladder in the long term and life quality of patients bearing this type of replacement...

..At the opposite, the concept of a metastatic gene expression pattern which is (or is not) expressed in the primary tumor is in opposition with the classical clonal selection hypothesis...

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..They can and must be prevented by advice on physical activity and nutrition...

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..The consequences on the physiological microvasculature could be at the origin of the adverse effects. It seems important for the clinician to know the physiopathology and the management of these toxicities...

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..Nevertheless many other areas have also been described. Using Pubmed and Cochrane the most exhaustive research possible has been carried out to list these secondary prostate carcinoma lesions...

..It also includes financial allowances. In France, supportive care centers are being set up in most hospital to facilitate the coordination of all the multidisciplinary teams...

..Metastasis surgery has functional results and should be performed before major neurologic symptoms occur. Metabolic radiotherapy is an option for multifocal bone metastases...

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..Metastasis resection can also be proposed in association with chemotherapy in case of complete response. In case of non responsive metastasis, metastasectomy can also de discussed in order to improve quality of life...

..Nevertheless, interpretation is often made difficult by tracer urinary excretion. New radio tracers are being tested and will probably lead to new indications. Research on androgen receptors and molecular imaging is ongoing...

..Nevertheless, our results confirm that TVT appears to be an efficient procedure: 97% of patients were cured or improved when UCP >25 cm H2O, 85% when UCP <25 cm H2O and 87% when a PR was associated...

..An important number of drugs is still approved. However the metastatic disease is not yet curable. A better understanding will lead to develop others new targeted molecules or more efficient combination therapy...

..Metastasis diagnosis is carried out with TDM and MRI but markers can sometimes be helpful (ie SSCAg). There is no referent chemotherapy, a trial has been started (CAVER)...

..These agents may have a preventive effect on metastasis occurrence, but it has to be confirmed. An intra-venous biphosphonate or a sub-cutaneous RANK-inhibitor administration prevent from bone metastasis-related events...

..After failure of first line therapy no consensual drugs exist in the second line, ongoing trials and new agents should increase options in the future...

..These specific circumstances require more studies and data if they are no longer to be considered as a contra-indication...

..Here we discuss the motivations of the pharmaceutical industry in oncology so that the medico-surgical specialist of the cancers of the genito-urinary tract can best understand the situation...

..Results and statistical analysis should be evaluated by the reviewer, keeping in mind that the weight of evidence is not correlated to the "p" value...

..Thus, with multidisciplinary consensus and adapted management, elderly patients with significant comorbidities should not be automatically excluded from access to effective treatment of these cancers...

..Endothelin inhibitors belong to a new exciting concept to treat these bone metastases, data are needed in order to use them routinely...

..It is also possible to use estrogen or, in a few cases, to propose chemotherapy...

..The correct functioning of the neo-bladder should be verified regularly in order to ensure that the bladder is emptied properly. Continence returns through auto-exercise...

..Furthermore, the development of the concept of individualized treatment through identification of molecular prognostic factors and the application of targeted therapy have gained huge interest...

..The choices of therapeutic approach are quite large ranging from percutaneous cimentoplasty to vertebral replacement. It is essential that the initial treatment of metastasis be discussed before neurologic signs appear...

..Nevertheless many other areas have also been described. Using Pubmed and Cochrane the most exhaustive research possible has been carried out to list these secondary urothelial carcinoma lesions...

..Because of a poor prognosis trials testing combination of therapies are required to benefit patients. At least nephrectomy is necessary looking forward prospective studies to estimate its real impact...

..Thus it is possible to define targets which can be receptors, molecules or proteins and consequently develop active drugs for targeted therapy...

..The capacity to colonize one organ and not another could be explained by the "seed and soil" theory which postulates that tumor cells (the seed) will only grow in an...

..At each step of the metastatic cascade, it is possible to imagine a specific targeted therapy for this disease which is today non curable...

..At each step, there are defence and regulation mechanisms which, when they fail, lead to metastatic dissemination...

..The present data indicate that a 'NO donor' combined with an 'adenosine donor' could be an effective therapeutic approach...

..Approximately, 30% of kidney cancers are diagnosed in patients over 75 years, mostly by fortuitously. This review had identified the indications of ablative treatment among others options for kidney cancer in these elderly patients...

..In accordance with this decision, a new jurisprudence in medical responsibility is born...

..practitioner, the radiologist and the urologist should answer three questions that will be reviewed in this paper: Is the acute flank pain caused by urolithiasis? Will calculus be spontaneously discharged? Is lithotripsy indicated?..

..Today, even if all is not totally understood, physicians know that metastasis is a decisive event in the carcinoma story...

..The clinical and pathological presentation is consistent with the diagnosis of TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene syndrome, caused by the simultaneous loss of TSC2 and PKD1, the two major genes for tuberous sclerosis complex and ADPKD...

..In both cases (early, before BCG treatment, or after BCG treatment failure), this excision therapy should be practiced rapidly because the risk of progression is high and cystectomy tolerates no delay when indicated...

..Vesical biopsies often are performed to assess the efficacy of treatment. The aim of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of these biopsies...

..This study attempted to evaluate if heat shock proteins (HSPs) could be useful predictive markers in BCG responses...

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..To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new minimally invasive device, Adjustable Continence Therapy (ProACT) for patients with postprostatectomy stress urinary incontinence (SUI)...

..In case of recurrence, therapeutic options should be debated in multidisciplinary team meetings; chemotherapy with cisplatin or/and gemcitabine remains the main therapeutic weapon...

..Peyronie's disease is a sexual medicine condition that may adversely affect male sexual function...

..These tumours have a high recurrence risk with a cystectomy rate of 16%. These tumours require surveillance identical to that of high-grade tumours, at least half-yearly for the first 3 years then annually thereafter...

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