Keltouma Driouch

..Furthermore, identification of two distinct alternative WWOX transcripts expressed at high levels in human tumors suggests an involvement of the WWOX gene in breast cancer progression...

..Here we review the major studies that had important impacts on the understanding of breast cancer metastasis. We also discuss the future challenges in this research field and the special issues that still need to be examined...

..Taken together, the data confirm the role of the PEA3 gene in breast tumorigenesis, and suggest the existence of numerous other still unknown genes transactivated by the PEA3 transcription factor...

..However, the possible role of kindlin-1 in cancer remains unknown...

..Finally, we show that the signature improves risk stratification independently of known standard clinical variables and a previously established lung metastasis signature based on an experimental breast cancer metastasis model...

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..In contrast, the DNA amplification levels of ERBB2, MYC and CCND1, as measured by real-time quantitative PCR, did not differ between IBC and non IBC...

..PIK3CA is the oncogene showing the highest frequency of gain-of-function mutations in breast cancer, but the prognostic value of PIK3CA mutation status is controversial...

..This methodology can be considered as a useful workflow to identify and validate the genes that trigger and support organ tropism of breast cancer cells during metastasis...

..Alterations of the mitotic spindle checkpoint are likely to contribute to these phenotypes, but little is known about somatic alterations of mitotic spindle checkpoint genes in breast cancer...

..Because exogenous BMP7 can still counteract the breast cancer growth at the primary site and in bone, BMP7 may represent a novel therapeutic molecule for repression of local and bone metastatic growth of breast cancer...

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