M Wager

..Consequently, the clinician must assimilate a large amount of information, raising the question of the genuine role of these biomarkers in the daily care of these patients...

..The gene expression (n = 56) and genomic profiles (n = 67) of responders and non-responders to first-line chemotherapy or radiation therapy alone were compared on Affymetrix Plus 2 gene expression arrays and BAC CGH arrays...

..This study confirms the prognostic value of several markers. However, the scattering of the values explained by tumour heterogeneity prevents their use in individual decision-making...

..Our data are the first such molecular biology report regarding low-grade tumours and as such should be of help for sound decision-making...

..This type of tumor requires very long follow-up. Prognosis is good for hemangioblastomas. Sphincter dysfunctions carries a poor prognosis and may appear after primary surgery, more often after treatment of recurrences...

..This is probably due to both tumour heterogeneity and multiple parameters associated with chemosensitivity. To date, it thus appears difficult to choose the adjuvant treatment according to the sole status of MGMT...

..Recent advances in cellular and molecular biology have provided a better understanding of nerve physiology, which are reviewed here as an indispensable basis to the study of its pathology...

....

..Neuregulin is essentially involved in Schwann cell survival and guidance for axonal growth...

..Ryanodine receptors (RyR) and dihydropyridine receptors (DHPR) mainly act in calcium exchanges in the SR. This particular structural and molecular architecture must be correlated to its functional specificity...

..The limited ability of the CNS to create new synapses after nervous system injury will be then discussed with a final consideration of some new strategies elaborated to circumvent the limitations of lesion extension processes...

..Our observations do not lead us to consider promoter methylation of MGMT gene as a prognostic factor of responsiveness to alkylating agents in glioblastomas...

..Today's progress remains insufficient to improve functional prognosis significantly, but a better understanding of peripheral nerve regenerating processes has opened the door to new medical and surgical advances...

..The lack of neuromuscular activity is also harmful in axonal sprouting, probably by impeding calcium influx into the nerve...

..Moreover, in multivariate analysis, SEMA3G was found to be the only significant prognostic marker...

..The authors present a retrospective analysis of 248 immunocompetent patients with primary intracerebral lymphoma treated at 19 French and Belgian medical centers between January 1980 and December 1995...

..We discuss the role of glutamate neurotransmitters, review glutamate metabolism and actions, and then review in the pertinent literature devoted to the role of glutamate in the onset of brain injuries secondary to head trauma...

..On the basis of a review of the literature, we advocate an aggressive surgical resection from the beginning, similar to management of solitary vertebral metastasis...

..Surgical treatment must be clearly discussed, which, in case of schwannomas gives very good functional results. Primitive malignant tumors remain an unsolved therapeutic problem...

..This paper explores muscle anatomy from its main embryologic stages of development to its histochemical specificity, including its molecular constitution, and details the main morphofunctional relations supporting muscle contraction...