Patrick Borel

..These results suggest that genes involved in lipid metabolism influence the plasma concentrations of these fat-soluble micronutrients...

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..Bioaccessibility was dependent on (i) microconstituent species (lutein > beta-carotene and alpha-carotene > lycopene and alpha-tocopherol generally > gamma-tocopherol), (ii) food matrix, and (iii) food processing...

..The available data reveal numerous gaps in the knowledge of the metabolism of HLFMs and the factors that affect their absorption. These gaps need to be filled to be able to formulate HLFMs so as to promote greater absorption efficiency...

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..These results suggest that apo C-III, CETP and hepatic lipase play a role in determining the plasma concentrations of tocopherols while hepatic lipase and I-FABP may modulate plasma concentrations of carotenoids...

..1%, P = 0.093). Peel enrichment of tomato paste with tomato peel is an interesting option for increasing lycopene and beta-carotene intakes...

..Taken together, the present results suggest that lutein absorption is not markedly affected by physiological concentrations of vitamins C and E but can be impaired by carotenoids and naringenin..

..control; P < 0.0001). The present data show that addition of PE to a meal does not alter TG hydrolysis but displaces cholesterol from the intestinal aqueous phase and lowers chylomicron cholesterol occurrence in humans...

..However, nothing is known regarding the uptake of carotenoids by adipocytes. Thus, our study explored the mechanism by which lycopene and lutein, two major human plasma carotenoids, are transported...

..The outcome is a decrease of LXR activity, resulting in down-regulation of ABCA1. These data reinforce the effect of α- and γ-tocopherol on cholesterol metabolism via gene expression regulation...

..It has long been assumed that newly absorbed vitamin A and E enter the body only via enterocyte-produced chylomicrons. However, recent results in cell cultures have shown that a fraction of alpha-tocopherol is secreted with intestinal HDL...

..Indeed, these drugs may also interfere with lipid vitamin uptake. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in fat-soluble vitamin and carotenoid absorption is a priority to better optimize their bioavailability...

..Lutein is recovered at high concentration in the human macula lutea. Recent studies suggest that this micronutrient might be implicated in prevention of age-related macular degeneration...

..It is assumed that vitamin D is absorbed by passive diffusion. However, since cholecalciferol (vitamin D(3) ) and cholesterol display similar structures, we hypothesized that common absorption pathways may exist...

..The induction of adiponectin via an original molecular mechanism could be considered as the basis for the beneficial effect of vitamin E on insulin sensitivity...

..g. copy number variants and epigenetic modifications, can modulate carotenoid status. One potential application of such research could be personalized dietary guidelines for carotenoids according to individual genetic characteristics...

..This study establishes mixed micelles as the best vehicle to deliver tocopherols to intestinal cell monolayers in culture...

..These results suggest that there is no major effect of age on lutein status in healthy subjects...

..CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36), a class B scavenger receptor, might be involved in tissue vitamin E uptake and thus would influence blood vitamin E concentrations...

..We conclude that carotenoids, chiefly the xanthophylls, exchange between lipoproteins. The transfer depends on plasma factor(s) sensitive to CETP and/or LCAT inhibitors...

..g., hydrophobicity, van der Waals volume,…) on the transport of the main dietary carotenoids (β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and astaxanthin, from their food matrix to their main storage tissues...

..If a high dose of preformed vitamin A is ingested with a fat-free meal, a significant proportion of retinol is not esterified, owing to the lack of fatty acids for ARAT, which explains the appearance of free retinol in chylomicrons...

..30% and 57% respectively). Overall, these results indicate that lutein absorption is, at least partly, protein-mediated and that some lutein is taken up through SR-BI...

..There is also no major effect of age on the cis-trans isomerization of beta-carotene during absorption, and in the intestinal conversion of provitamin A carotenoids into vitamin A...

..Thus, the present data show that lycopene absorption is, at least in part, mediated by SR-BI but not by NPC1L1...

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..Lycopene is less efficiently transferred to micelles than beta-carotene and lutein. The very small transfer of carotenoids from their vegetable matrices to micelles explains the poor bioavailability of these phytomicroconstituents...

..7-fold higher in mice overexpressing SR-BI than in wild-type mice (p < 0.05). The present data show for the first time that vitamin E intestinal absorption is, at least in part, mediated by SR-BI...

..We conclude that butter results in lower postprandial lipemia and chylomicron accumulation in the circulation of young men than olive or sunflower oils after consumption of a single mixed meal...

..3 (SD 1.8), 3.9 (SD 1.3), and 0.7 (SD 0.08) % respectively. These results showed a preferential uptake by Caco-2 cells of beta-carotene and free beta-CX compared with the two esters of beta-CX...

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