Jean Pierre Boissel

..As such, it should meet the fundamentals of scientific discovery that guarantee causality between the observed difference and the intervention. All the planning components are thought according to these fundamentals...

..We demonstrate in this article that there are no theoretical or technical obstacles to make the proposed system workable...

..No method is currently both fully adequate and validated. Finally, the predictive models, which we need to identify responders, do not exist in practice. Fortunately, new research approaches have been developed recently...

..Such approaches are considered in drug innovation and development. They require a multidisciplinary approach, and this will involve modification of the way research in pharmacology is conducted...

..We have called this relation the effect model. Our objectives were to demonstrate that the relation is general and not necessarily linear...

..Tools and techniques for integrating the parameter range of experimental values, level of evidence and missing data are needed...

..A marker of forgiveness would be of some help for doctors deciding which drug to prescribe to patients who are poor compliers...

..It reinforces the hypothesis that histological and morphological differences between rodent and human brains can partly explain the failure of these agents in clinical trials...

..All these features should be taken into account for a more accurate and relevant assessment of the distance...

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..This result suggests that the apparent effect on blood pressure is not the only cause of stroke risk reduction in hypertensive subjects submitted to an antihypertensive medicine...

..A detailed understanding of astrocytic function and influence on neuron survival during stroke is necessary to improve the neuroprotective strategies for stroke patients...

..Consideration of absolute risk has been recommended for making decisions concerning preventive treatment in hypertension. We performed simulations to estimate the benefit of antihypertensive therapy over a life-time...

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..by the reference standard a valid surrogate? (2) How does the tests accuracy influence the estimate of the treatment benefit on surrogate? (3) Is it possible to correct the measured treatment effect given by results of inaccurate tests?..

..Our objectives were to compare search strategies with and without methodological terms in Medline, to find out how other databases complement Medline, and how these strategies affect the pooled estimates of the accuracy...

..This approach may help to explore new therapeutic strategies in order to reduce stroke damage...

..However, evaluating available evidence is often still based on intuitive processes rather than on rigorous scientific analysis...

..Our results suggest that, particularly for proximal veins, ultrasound is accurate for the diagnosis of DVT in asymptomatic postoperative orthopedic patients. More research is needed in other clinical settings...

..Numerous studies have examined the validity of available scores to predict the absolute cardiovascular risk...

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..The model integrated different markers of acute ischemic stroke into a single entity in order to mimic acute ischemic stroke, and has been shown to have a reasonable degree of internal validity...

..This approach may help to explore the respective contributions of the beneficial and deleterious roles of the inflammatory process in stroke, and to study various therapeutic strategies in order to reduce stroke damage...

..This theoretical model may be useful to evaluate the efficacy of therapies targeting angiogenesis, and could therefore contribute to designing prospective clinical trials...

..Since then, it has been the first-line treatment in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes. However, metformin-sulphonylurea bitherapy may increase mortality...

..To study the performance of a new method designed to measure discrepancy between real prescriptions and evidence-based reference treatments...

..Therefore, the use of a single capsule instead of one chloroquine tablet and two proguanil tablets daily can be proposed in order to increase the prophylactic compliance without decreasing the prophylactic efficacy...

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..However, it should be assessed further by those involved in CME for general practitioners...

..This study was conducted to compare the efficiency of two interim analysis procedures, which could be used to allow early termination of a clinical trial...

..e. drug level measurements, enzyme assays and even genetic sequence data), our study suggests that compliance-guided therapy may represent a potential, evolving way for the individualisation of prescriptions...

..However, several studies in hypertensive patients receiving treatment have described this relationship as J-shaped, with an increased risk for events in patients with low blood pressure...

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..We conceived a new paradigm and designed an Internet process based on it by which unbiased evidence is brought to doctors in such a format that it can be accessed and used during the visit...

..It is better to avoid it by careful thinking prior to beginning the experiment. In fundamental and clinical pharmacology, there are several established concepts that allow researchers to minimize the cases where the issue arises...

..We suggest that a new approach is possible by reducing the transferred information to its core and integrating it through appropriate representation models into the doctor's decision-making process...

..Considering the gain in event-free life expectancy, low-risk patients benefit more than high-risk patients do, at the expense of a longer treatment exposure. The interpretation of the AB changes depending on follow-up...

..01). CONCLUSIONS: In hypertensive patients pulse pressure, not mean pressure, is associated with an increased risk of fatal events. This appears to be true in a broad range of patients with hypertension...

..Meta-analysis of clinical trials allows all available quantitative evidence on therapeutic efficacy, to be condensed. Critical appraisal of all available evidence is a pillar of clinical science...

..Finally, because of the PHB's universal dimension, it is suggested that the necessary actions and publications be initiated so that the PHB can be acknowledged at the European level...

..We will illustrate this adaptability of QxDB by presenting two examples, the first dealing with modelling in oncology and the second with mechanical properties of cells and tissues...

..Passive' transfer seems far less efficient. In addition, the size of the benefit remains small and its consequences limited in practice...