K Silventoinen

..Environmental factors affecting height and BMI during growth period are also important, and further studies are needed to identify these factors and test whether they interact with genetic factors...

..Furthermore, the role of cohabitation and partnership history in the formation of these differences and how they have been changed over time are poorly understood...

..Thus we analysed the effects of genetic and environmental factors on the development of CC in Japanese infants...

..Head circumference and height capture information on children's physical development, which is partly associated also with cognitive development...

..We investigated the association between growth in height from 7 to 13 years of age and the risk of CHD in adulthood...

..This study investigated the associations between SOC and intentions to retire early and whether these associations were explained by socio-economic, psychosocial and work and health related factors...

..More studies of genetic architecture in non-Caucasian populations, of gene-environment interactions, and of body composition and body fat distribution are needed...

..The development of obesity is still a poorly understood process that is dependent on both genetic and environmental factors...

..Nonfamilial factors affecting education are possibly different in Minnesota than in Finland, since in Finland they are partly associated with the factors affecting height...

..We analysed differences in psycho-social and health behavioural factors between international migrants and non-migrants prior to migration in a large cohort of Finnish twins...

..Disparities in body mass index (BMI) between persons with different educational levels in Western countries are well documented, but the background of these education-associated disparities remains poorly understood...

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..14, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.28). The inverse association between height and CHD mortality found within monozygotic discordant twin pairs suggests that this association is because of environmental factors that directly affect height and CHD risk...

..An important challenge for further research is to identify environmental influences contributing to self-rated health independently of, or in interaction with, genetic factors...

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..To examine the relationship between secular trends in energy supply and body mass index (BMI) among several countries...

..To study the socio-demographic determinants of body-height and the bearing of these determinants on the association between body-height and health among Finnish adults...

..This study examined the change in heritability of adult body height across birth cohorts in Finland...

..Body height differences were examined by birth cohort, economic difficulties in childhood and adult socioeconomic position in Finland and Sweden...

..The stronger contribution of environmental factors to body-height among women questions the hypothesis that women are better buffered against environmental stress, at least for this phenotype...

..To compare the age pattern of educational health inequalities in four Nordic countries in the mid-1980s and the mid-1990s...

..Genetic factors explain a major part of the variation of adult stature, but little is still known on the genetics of growth, especially in non-Caucasian populations...

..Thus, we decided to analyze the genetics of HC growth in Japanese infants...

..Our results suggest that the genetic architecture of BMI development in the Japanese population is generally similar to that found in previous twin studies in Caucasian populations...

..To investigate the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the development of relative weight during the growth period...

..To examine 10-year changes in waist circumference (WC) and identify socio-economic groups having higher WC than expected by their body mass index (BMI)...

..Furthermore, the results suggest that a male excess in illhealth is likely to be found with more severe domains of illhealth among elderly people...

..To examine the association of physical activity and body mass index (BMI), and their combined effect, with the risk of total, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality...

..To study genetic and environmental factors affecting body mass index (BMI) and BMI phenotypic correlations across adolescence...

..To examine how thinness is associated with indicators of socio-economic disadvantage, health-related behaviours, and health indicators including mortality...

..We investigated whether BMI predicts type 2 diabetes in twins and to what extent that is explained by common genetic factors...

..We therefore analyzed these complex relationships, and also examined whether physical activity modifies the degree of genetic influence on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)...

..To investigate whether current smoking and lifetime snuff use are associated with a lifetime history of major (>/=5 kg) intentional weight loss in young adults, and to examine the dependence of this association on familial factors...

..The correlation of genetic factors between these two characteristics was not statistically significant. The results suggest that the association between body height and education is due mainly to nongenetic family factors...

..To study the joint association of coffee consumption and serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels on the risk of developing type II diabetes...

..We examined the association of relative weight with individual income at different levels of socioeconomic status among gainfully employed Finnish women and men...

..However, the mechanisms behind this association are still largely unknown. We will examine the role of genetic and familial factors behind the association in a large twin data set...

..SOC was related to negative changes in people's environment. Initially strong SOC was not more stable than initially mediocre or weak SOC. Men and women reacted quite similarly to negative life events...

..This study is to examine the relationship of occupational, commuting and leisure-time physical activity with the incidence of Type 2 diabetes...

..Because the genetic background of these associations is not thoroughly investigated, we aimed to analyze it in a longitudinal twin cohort...

..Our results show that assortative mating needs to be considered in population genetic studies of body height and weight...

..To examine the associations of mental health functioning (SF-36) and work and family related psychosocial factors with intentions to retire early...

..Sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and impaired glucose regulation are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, the joint associations of these risk factors are not known...

..We investigated associations between intelligence and coronary heart disease mortality and explored if they are confounded or modified by socio-economic position...

..We assessed the relationship of different types of physical activity with total and type-specific stroke risk...

..This may have inflated heritability estimates in previous twin studies. Nonetheless, we showed that genetic factors affect muscle strength and part of these genes are common to different strength indicators and body size...

..To assess joint associations of physical activity and different indicators of obesity (body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio) with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)...

..Our results indicate that, in general, there are only minor differences in the genetic architecture of height between affluent Caucasian populations, especially among men...

..We examined the effect of midlife BMI and related metabolic conditions on old age cognitive performance and whether there was evidence from direct causal pathways behind these associations in a large sample of Finnish twins...

..Muscle strength and body size may be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke risk. However, perhaps because of a low number of cases, existing evidence is inconsistent...

..These results suggest that genetic regulation of growth is rather uniform, which is encouraging for further efforts to identify genes affecting growth...

..e. childhood living conditions, work and family life, and social relationships, with sense of coherence (SOC) among Finnish men and women. A particular interest was devoted to interactions between sex and GRR...

..To examine the predictive value of intentions to retire early on the process of disability retirement and the contribution of life dissatisfaction to the association between intentions to retire early and disability retirement...

..These results suggest that restrained eating may be related to better weight control among those who need and/or are motivated to lose weight while among others it may indicate problems with eating...

..The role of genetic factors contributing to interindividual differences and their stability in coffee use is not well known...

..It has been suggested that coffee has a protective effect on cognitive performance in old age, but only some of the previous studies have shown this association...

..There is increasing evidence that depressive symptoms and obesity are positively related, but the mechanisms that explain the association between them are unclear...

..The aim of the study was to compare the appropriateness of different obesity indicators in the assessment of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk...

..Emotional eating could be one factor explaining the association between depressive symptoms and consumption of sweet foods, while other factors may be more important with respect to non-sweet foods and vegetables/fruit...

..This has implications for defining phenotypes in searches for genes underlying smoking behaviors...

..We explored these ratings relative to self-rating of odor annoyance, to odor identification ability, and to mean perceived intensity of odors, and estimated relative genetic and environmental contributions to these traits...

..The main aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of genetic factors on disability retirement due to the most common medical causes, including depressive disorders...

..Given the inconsistency of this result, we tested it using a large population-based cohort data set...

..The results from both populations suggest that about two thirds of variation in food neophobia is genetically determined...

..We analysed genetic and environmental influences on self-esteem and its stability in adolescence...

..We investigated this question in a prospective study of middle-aged men and women...

..To examine the association of smoking with recurrent dieting and BMI among Finnish adults...

..In addition, the results illuminate the importance of the sex-specific genetic effects on food use...

..Sweet taste preferences are measured by several often correlated measures...

..91, 95% CI=1.02-15.02). Indicators of socioeconomic status were important predictors of smoking cessation even when we adjusted for previous smoking behavior. For men, marriage was associated with an increased probability of cessation..

..We sought to examine the importance of childhood circumstances, adult socioeconomic status, and material circumstances to physical and mental functioning among middle-aged women and men...

..This study investigated (1) the level of sense of coherence (SOC), (2) the structure of generalized resistance resources (GRRs), and (3) associations of GRRs with SOC among Finnish- and Swedish-speaking Finns...

..To examine the associations of mental health functioning with intentions to retire early among ageing municipal employees...

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..The relation between body weight and energy-dense foods remains unclear...

..The results promote the importance of inter-individual variation in odor exposures and olfactory plasticity to odor perception...

..To facilitate the genetic studies of stature we have also set up a website that lists all stature genome scans published and their most significant loci (http://www.genomeutwin.org/stature_gene_map.htm)...

..Our data suggest that reduced leukocyte telomere length is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases as well as type 2 diabetes, and is a predictor of cardiovascular disease in elderly patients with hypertension and LVH...

..To analyze differences in blood pressure in young men with different ethnic backgrounds but living in similar environment...

..Future studies combining different scientific traditions in auxology are needed to create a more holistic view of body height...

..Although the clinical perspective focusing on central obesity is appealing, further research is needed to determine the usefulness of waist circumference or waist/hip ratio over body mass index...

..Adiposity is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but the relationship of adiposity with the risk of cerebrovascular disease is still to some extent unclear...

..The established association of the same allelic variant of AKT1 with both cognitive and neuroanatomical aberrations could suggest that AKT1 exerts its effect on verbal learning and memory via neural networks involving prefrontal cortex...

..Within twin pairs, no association between shift work and outcome was observed. Our results do not support an association between shift-work and cardiovascular morbidity...

..In conclusion, in women as well as men, serum GGT level within its normal range predicted type 2 diabetes and may modify the well-known association between body mass index and type 2 diabetes...

..Future comparison of the results of periodic evaluations allows estimation of possible changes in the effects of environment on timing of puberty. In such studies, HD:SDS can be used as a practical marker of pubertal timing...

..To investigate the interplay between genetic factors influencing baseline level and changes in BMI in adulthood...

..This study examined if serum GGT predicted coronary heart disease (CHD), especially differentiating non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and fatal CHD event, among the general population or participants with type-2 diabetes...