Second to fourth digit ratio, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-chest ratio: their relationships in heterosexual men and womenB Fink
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Urban Ethology, University of Vienna, Austria
Ann Hum Biol 30:728-38. 2003
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Visible skin colouration predicts perception of male facial age, health and attractivenessB Fink
Department of Sociobiology Anthropology, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
Int J Cosmet Sci 34:307-10. 2012
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- Differences in visual perception of age and attractiveness of female facial and body skin
B Fink
Department of Sociobiology Anthropology, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
Int J Cosmet Sci 33:126-31. 2011
..These results continue to support the significance of facial age perception in assessment of a woman's age, but highlight that body skin also plays a role in overall age impression...
- Visual attention to variation in female facial skin color distribution
Bernhard Fink
Department of Sociobiology Anthropology, Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
J Cosmet Dermatol 7:155-61. 2008
..Recent research has shown that people are sensitive to variation in skin color distribution, and such variation affects visual perception of female facial attractiveness, healthiness, and age...
- The effects of skin colour distribution and topography cues on the perception of female facial age and health
B Fink
Department of Sociobiology Anthropology, Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 22:493-8. 2008
..Our data indicate that skin surface topography cues account for a large proportion of variation in facial age perception, whereas skin colour distribution seems to be a stronger health cue...
- Male facial appearance signals physical strength to women
Bernhard Fink
Department of Sociobiology Anthropology, University of Gottingen, D 37073 Gottingen, Germany
Am J Hum Biol 19:82-7. 2007
..The present data thus support the supposition that a male's physical strength is also signaled via facial characteristics of dominance and masculinity, which are considered attractive by women...
- Digit ratio and hand-grip strength in German and Mizos men: cross-cultural evidence for an organizing effect of prenatal testosterone on strength
Bernhard Fink
Department of Sociobiology Anthropology, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, D 37073, Germany
Am J Hum Biol 18:776-82. 2006
..Measures of grip strength correlate strongly with strength in other muscle groups, so we conclude that PT may have an early organizing effect on strength in men, and this is likely to be widespread in human groups...
- Second to fourth digit ratio and numerical competence in children
Bernhard Fink
Department for Sociobiology Anthropology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
Brain Cogn 61:211-8. 2006
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- The 2nd-4th digit ratio (2D:4D) and neck circumference: implications for risk factors in coronary heart disease
B Fink
Department for Sociobiology Anthropology, Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
Int J Obes (Lond) 30:711-4. 2006
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Second to fourth digit ratio and face shapeBernhard Fink
Department for Sociobiology Anthropology, Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, University of Gottingen, Berliner Strasse 28, D 37073 Götingen, Germany
Proc Biol Sci 272:1995-2001. 2005
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- Human (Homo sapiens) facial attractiveness in relation to skin texture and color
B Fink
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Urban Ethology, Vienna, Austria
J Comp Psychol 115:92-9. 2001
..The authors propose that skin texture is a cue to fertility and health. In contrast to some previous studies, the authors found that dark skin, not light skin, was rated as most attractive...
- Second to fourth digit ratio and hand skill in Austrian children
Bernhard Fink
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Urban Ethology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
Biol Psychol 67:375-84. 2004
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- Colour homogeneity and visual perception of age, health and attractiveness of male facial skin
B Fink
Department of Sociobiology Anthropology, University of Goettingen, Gottingen, Germany The Procter and Gamble Company, London Innovation Centre, Egham, UK
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 26:1486-92. 2012
..Conclusions Male skin colour homogeneity, driven by melanin and haemoglobin distribution, influences perception of age, health and attractiveness...
- Visible skin condition and perception of human facial appearance
N Samson
Department of Sociobiology Anthropology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
Int J Cosmet Sci 32:167-84. 2010
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- Visualizing facial shape regression upon 2nd to 4th digit ratio and testosterone
Katrin Schaefer
Department of Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Coll Antropol 29:415-9. 2005
..These preliminary results suggest that prenatal and pubertal testosterone have differential effects on male facial shape that should be considered in future studies on women's preferences towards male facial appearance...
- Darwinian aesthetics: sexual selection and the biology of beauty
Karl Grammer
Ludwig-Boltzmann-lnstitute for Urban Ethology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 78:385-407. 2003
..These findings have implications for medical, social and biological sciences...
- Visual attention to plain and ornamented human bodies: an eye-tracking study
Silke Wohlrab
Department of Sociobiology Anthropology, Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
Percept Mot Skills 104:1337-49. 2007
..These findings are discussed within an evolutionary framework by suggesting that tattoos might have some signaling value which influences the perception of both male and female conspecifics and may hence also affect mating decisions...
- Amygdala activation at 3T in response to human and avatar facial expressions of emotions
Ewald Moser
MR Centre of Excellence, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
J Neurosci Methods 161:126-33. 2007
..However, the finding of differences between human and avatar faces in face-sensitive regions indicates the presence of mechanisms by which human brains can differentiate between them. This mechanism merits further investigation...
- Physical attractiveness and health: comment on Weeden and Sabini (2005)
Karl Grammer
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Urban Ethology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Psychol Bull 131:658-61. 2005
..The authors suggest that future research in this field should seek conceptual and methodological constancy in trait selection and in the evaluation of attractiveness- and health-related traits...
- The representation of self reported affect in body posture and body posture simulation
Karl Grammer
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Urban Ethology, Vienna, Austria
Coll Antropol 28:159-73. 2004
..50 different subjects rated the reconstructed postures from the positive and negative end of the regression. We found the ratings to be valid and accurate in respect to the five factors...
- Human pheromones and sexual attraction
Karl Grammer
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Urban Ethology, c o Institute of Anthropology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A 1090 Vienna, Austria
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 118:135-42. 2005
..In this article we review the present evidence of the effect of human pheromones and discuss the role of olfactory cues in human sexual behaviour...
- Second to fourth digit ratio, testosterone and perceived male dominance
Nick Neave
Human Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology and Sport Sciences, Northumberland Building, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
Proc Biol Sci 270:2167-72. 2003
..We conclude that facial dominance and masculinity reflect a male's perceived status rather than his physical attraction to women...
- Photocopies yield lower digit ratios (2D:4D) than direct finger measurements
John T Manning
Department of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, England
Arch Sex Behav 34:329-33. 2005
..We suggest that finger length differences between the two techniques could result from the shapes of fat-pads at the tips of the fingers and these may be dependent on sex and sexual orientation...
- Color homogeneity and visual perception of age, health, and attractiveness of female facial skin
Paul J Matts
P and G Beauty, Egham, United Kingdom
J Am Acad Dermatol 57:977-84. 2007
..Evolutionary psychology suggests that skin signals aspects of mate value, yet only limited empirical evidence exists for this assertion...
- The second to fourth digit ratio and asymmetry
John T Manning
Department of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
Ann Hum Biol 33:480-92. 2006
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- Digit ratio (2D:4D), dominance, reproductive success, asymmetry, and sociosexuality in the BBC Internet Study
John T Manning
Department of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
Am J Hum Biol 20:451-61. 2008
..We compare our findings with a similar study reported by Putz et al. (2004), which found only 2 out of 57 correlations to be significant and discuss possible reasons for the discrepancies between the studies...
- Effects of putative male pheromones on female ratings of male attractiveness: influence of oral contraceptives and the menstrual cycle
Frances Thorne
Human Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Division of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Neuro Endocrinol Lett 23:291-7. 2002
..The results of this study suggest that exposure to natural male axillary pheromones can significantly enhance female perceptions of various aspects of male attractiveness...
