Research Topics
Genomes and Genes
| Søren R PaludanSummaryAffiliation: University of Aarhus Country: Denmark Publications
| Collaborators
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Detail Information
Publications
Type I interferon production during herpes simplex virus infection is controlled by cell-type-specific viral recognition through Toll-like receptor 9, the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein pathway, and novel recognition systemsSimon B Rasmussen
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
J Virol 81:13315-24. 2007..Thus, during an HSV infection in vivo, multiple mechanisms of pathogen recognition are active, which operate in cell-type- and time-dependent manners to trigger expression of type I IFN and coordinate the antiviral response...- Innate immune recognition and activation during HIV infectionTrine H Mogensen
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, DK 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
Retrovirology 7:54. 2010.... - Streptococcus pneumoniae stabilizes tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA through a pathway dependent on p38 MAPK but independent of Toll-like receptorsTrine H Mogensen
Department of Infectious Diseases, Skejby Hospital Aarhus University Hospital, DK 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
BMC Immunol 9:52. 2008..Infections with S. pneumoniae evoke a strong inflammatory response, which plays a major role in the pathogenesis of pneumococcal disease... 
Recognition of herpesviruses by the innate immune systemSøren R Paludan
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, Aarhus University, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Nat Rev Immunol 11:143-54. 2011....
Expression of genes for cytokines and cytokine-related functions in leukocytes infected with Herpes simplex virus: comparison between resistant and susceptible mouse strainsSøren R Paludan
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, K 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Eur Cytokine Netw 13:306-16. 2002..Further analysis of these genes may provide new information about host defense against viral infections and could also lead to identification of the molecular basis for the pathological differences between infections with HSV-1 and -2...- Virus-cell interactions regulating induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha production in macrophages infected with herpes simplex virusS R Paludan
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
J Virol 75:10170-8. 2001.... - Innate recognition of intracellular pathogens: detection and activation of the first line of defenseSimon B Rasmussen
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
APMIS 117:323-37. 2009.... - Expression of TNF-alpha by herpes simplex virus-infected macrophages is regulated by a dual mechanism: transcriptional regulation by NF-kappa B and activating transcription factor 2/Jun and translational regulation through the AU-rich region of the 3' untS R Paludan
Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
J Immunol 167:2202-8. 2001..These results show that TNF-alpha production is induced by HSV-2 in macrophages through both transcriptional and translational regulation... - Requirements for the induction of interleukin-6 by herpes simplex virus-infected leukocytesS R Paludan
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
J Virol 75:8008-15. 2001..The results show that induction of IL-6 by HSV in leukocytes is dependent on PKR and cellular signaling through NF-kappaB and a p38-dependent pathway... - Inhibition of NO production in macrophages by IL-13 is counteracted by Herpes simplex virus infection through tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced activation of NK-kappa BS R Paludan
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Eur Cytokine Netw 11:275-82. 2000..This could imply that a sustained NO production would be focused to sites of active virus replication... - Viral activation of macrophages through TLR-dependent and -independent pathwaysLene Malmgaard
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
J Immunol 173:6890-8. 2004.... - RIG-I-mediated activation of p38 MAPK is essential for viral induction of interferon and activation of dendritic cells: dependence on TRAF2 and TAK1Susie S Mikkelsen
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
J Biol Chem 284:10774-82. 2009..Thus, activation of p38 MAPK by RIG-I proceeds via a TRAF2-TAK1-dependent pathway, where the enzymatic activity of the kinase plays an essential role. The p38 MAPK in turn stimulates important processes in the innate antiviral response... - Virus-cell fusion as a trigger of innate immunity dependent on the adaptor STINGChristian K Holm
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Nat Immunol 13:737-43. 2012..We suggest that membrane fusion is sensed as a danger signal with potential implications for defense against enveloped viruses and various conditions of giant-cell formation... - TLR2 and TLR9 synergistically control herpes simplex virus infection in the brainLouise N Sørensen
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
J Immunol 181:8604-12. 2008..Thus, TLR2 and TLR9 synergistically stimulate innate antiviral activities, thereby protecting against HSV infection in the brain... - Chitosan/siRNA nanoparticle-mediated TNF-alpha knockdown in peritoneal macrophages for anti-inflammatory treatment in a murine arthritis modelKenneth A Howard
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center iNANO, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark
Mol Ther 17:162-8. 2009..This work demonstrates nanoparticle-mediated TNF-alpha knockdown in peritoneal macrophages as a method to reduce both local and systemic inflammation, thereby presenting a novel strategy for arthritis treatment... - Activation of innate defense against a paramyxovirus is mediated by RIG-I and TLR7 and TLR8 in a cell-type-specific mannerJesper Melchjorsen
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Denmark
J Virol 79:12944-51. 2005..Therefore, there appears to be a large degree of cell-type specificity in the mechanisms used by the host to recognize infecting viruses... - An important role for type III interferon (IFN-lambda/IL-28) in TLR-induced antiviral activityNina Ank
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
J Immunol 180:2474-85. 2008..In this compartment, epithelial cells responded to IFN-lambda and directly restricted virus replication. Our data suggest type III IFN to target a specific subset of cells and to contribute to the antiviral response evoked by TLRs... - Differential regulation of the OASL and OAS1 genes in response to viral infectionsJesper Melchjorsen
Department of Molecular Biology, University of Aarhus, Denmark
J Interferon Cytokine Res 29:199-207. 2009..Furthermore, the behavior of the OASL gene is consistent with the behavior of an antiviral gene... - HSV infection induces production of ROS, which potentiate signaling from pattern recognition receptors: role for S-glutathionylation of TRAF3 and 6Regina Gonzalez-Dosal
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
PLoS Pathog 7:e1002250. 2011..In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that ROS are essential for effective activation of signaling pathways leading to a successful innate immune response against HSV infection... - Expression of type III interferon (IFN) in the vaginal mucosa is mediated primarily by dendritic cells and displays stronger dependence on NF-kappaB than type I IFNsMarie B Iversen
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
J Virol 84:4579-86. 2010..Thus, the type I and III IFN genes are not induced through entirely identical pathways, which indicates differential expression of these two types of IFNs under certain conditions... - Early innate recognition of herpes simplex virus in human primary macrophages is mediated via the MDA5/MAVS-dependent and MDA5/MAVS/RNA polymerase III-independent pathwaysJesper Melchjorsen
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby, and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Brendstrupgaardsvej 100, DK 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
J Virol 84:11350-8. 2010..Thus, innate recognition of HSV by human primary macrophages occurs via two distinct intracellular nucleotide-sensing pathways responsible for induction of IFNs and inflammatory cytokine expression, respectively... - TLR3 deficiency renders astrocytes permissive to herpes simplex virus infection and facilitates establishment of CNS infection in miceLine S Reinert
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
J Clin Invest 122:1368-76. 2012..Thus, TLR3 acts in astrocytes to sense HSV-2 infection immediately after entry into the CNS, possibly preventing HSV from spreading beyond the neurons mediating entry into the CNS... - TLR3 ligand polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid induces IL-17A and IL-21 synthesis in human Th cellsChristian K Holm
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
J Immunol 183:4422-31. 2009..This is the first report to show that the TLR3 ligand poly(I:C) can directly induce the synthesis of IL-17A and IL-21 and drive differentiation of human naive CD4+ T cells... - Genomic HIV RNA induces innate immune responses through RIG-I-dependent sensing of secondary-structured RNARandi K Berg
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
PLoS ONE 7:e29291. 2012..However, knowledge on specific HIV PAMPs and cellular PRRs responsible for inducing innate immune responses remains sparse... - Crystal structure of interleukin-21 receptor (IL-21R) bound to IL-21 reveals that sugar chain interacting with WSXWS motif is integral part of IL-21ROle J Hamming
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
J Biol Chem 287:9454-60. 2012..The glycan thus transforms the V-shaped receptor into an A-frame. This finding offers a novel structural explanation of the role of the class I cytokine signature motif... - Herpes simplex virus infection is sensed by both Toll-like receptors and retinoic acid-inducible gene- like receptors, which synergize to induce type I interferon productionSimon B Rasmussen
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
J Gen Virol 90:74-8. 2009..Thus, RLRs are important for recognition of HSV infection, and cooperate with the Toll pathway to induce an antiviral response... - Activation of NF-kappa B in virus-infected macrophages is dependent on mitochondrial oxidative stress and intracellular calcium: downstream involvement of the kinases TGF-beta-activated kinase 1, mitogen-activated kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinTrine H Mogensen
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
J Immunol 170:6224-33. 2003.... - Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species negatively regulates immune innate signaling pathways triggered by a DNA virus, but not by an RNA virusRegina Gonzalez-Dosal
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Biochem Biophys Res Commun 418:806-10. 2012..Thus, localized mitochondrial ROS exerts negative modulation of innate immune responses to the DNA virus HSV-2 but not the RNA virus SeV... - Mechanisms of type III interferon expressionMarie B Iversen
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark
J Interferon Cytokine Res 30:573-8. 2010..Thus, the mechanisms governing type III IFN expression play an important part in dictating the biology of this antiviral cytokine... - Activation of autophagy by α-herpesviruses in myeloid cells is mediated by cytoplasmic viral DNA through a mechanism dependent on stimulator of IFN genesSimon B Rasmussen
Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
J Immunol 187:5268-76. 2011..Thus, our data suggest that HSV-1 genomic DNA induces autophagy in nonpermissive cells in a stimulator of IFN gene-dependent manner... - Interferon-lambda is functionally an interferon but structurally related to the interleukin-10 familyHans Henrik Gad
Centre for Structural Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Aarhus University, Gustav, Wieds Vej 10, 8000 Arhus C, Denmark
J Biol Chem 284:20869-75. 2009..In particular, we found an interesting similarity between IFN-lambda and IL-22, and we suggest that IFN-lambda and IL-22 possess parallel functions, protecting epithelial tissue against viral and bacterial infections, respectively... - Extracellular 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase stimulates RNase L-independent antiviral activity: a novel mechanism of virus-induced innate immunityHelle Kristiansen
Department of Molecular Biology, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, Aarhus, Denmark
J Virol 84:11898-904. 2010..Thus, the OAS protein represents the first direct antiviral compound released by virus-infected cells... - Interferon (IFN)-gamma and Herpes simplex virus/tumor necrosis factor-alpha synergistically induce nitric oxide synthase 2 in macrophages through cooperative action of nuclear factor-kappa B and IFN regulatory factor-1S R Paludan
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Eur Cytokine Netw 12:297-308. 2001.... - Antiviral and immunological effects of tenofovir microbicide in vaginal herpes simplex virus 2 infectionLine Vibholm
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 28:1404-11. 2012..Therefore, this model would be suitable for evaluating present and future microbicide candidates. Furthermore, the present study warrants further investigation of TDF in microbicides... - Age-dependent role for CCR5 in antiviral host defense against herpes simplex virus type 2Nina Ank
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Denmark
J Virol 79:9831-41. 2005..Altogether, this study shows that CCR5 plays an age-dependent role in host defense against HSV-2 by supporting both the innate and adaptive immune response... - Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases, nuclear factor-kappaB, and interferon regulatory factor 3 in Toll-like receptor 4-mediated activation of HIV long terminal repeatRandi S Berg
Department of Infectious Diseases, Skejby Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
APMIS 117:124-32. 2009..Neither of the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/2, JNK, or p38 nor the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 were involved in the direct transactivation of HIV-LTR through stimulation of TLR4... - Induction of cytokine expression by herpes simplex virus in human monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells is dependent on virus replication and is counteracted by ICP27 targeting NF-kappaB and IRF-3Jesper Melchjorsen
Department of Viral Diseases and Immunology, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
J Gen Virol 87:1099-108. 2006..It is further identified that viral IE-gene expression interferes with the antiviral response in human macrophages and ICP27 is identified as an important viral protein counteracting the early innate immune response... - Effect of IL-4 and IL-13 on IFN-gamma-induced production of nitric oxide in mouse macrophages infected with herpes simplex virus type 2S R Paludan
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark
FEBS Lett 414:61-4. 1997..The beneficial effect of a sustained NO production in foci of virus infection is suggested... - Synergistic action of pro-inflammatory agents: cellular and molecular aspectsS R Paludan
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Denmark
J Leukoc Biol 67:18-25. 2000..Cooperative activity of proinflammatory agents profoundly influences the immune response to infections and the efficiency of cellular clearance mechanisms... - Type III IFNs: new layers of complexity in innate antiviral immunityNina Ank
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Denmark
Biofactors 35:82-7. 2009..In this review, we describe the current knowledge on the role of type III IFNs in antiviral defense... - Induction of interferon-stimulated genes by Chlamydia pneumoniae in fibroblasts is mediated by intracellular nucleotide-sensing receptorsSrikanth Chiliveru
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
PLoS ONE 5:e10005. 2010..The infection triggers a host response contributing to both bacterial clearance and tissue damage. For instance, type I interferons (IFN)s have been demonstrated to exacerbate the course of Chlamydial lung infections in mice... - Tenofovir selectively regulates production of inflammatory cytokines and shifts the IL-12/IL-10 balance in human primary cellsJesper Melchjorsen
Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 57:265-75. 2011.... - Interleukin-21 mRNA expression during virus infectionsChristian Holm
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Cytokine 33:41-5. 2006..Thus, our data suggest a role for IL-21 in the early stages of adaptive immune response against virus infections... - Blocking CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 1 and CCR5 during herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in vivo impairs host defence and perturbs the cytokine responseL N Sørensen
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Scand J Immunol 59:321-33. 2004..Altogether, the results suggest that CCR1 and/or CCR5 are important for both viral clearance and eventual control of the immune response... - Type III interferon (IFN) induces a type I IFN-like response in a restricted subset of cells through signaling pathways involving both the Jak-STAT pathway and the mitogen-activated protein kinasesZhangle Zhou
Department of Human Genetics, University of Aarhus, Denmark
J Virol 81:7749-58. 2007..We also tested the activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases by type III IFN and found that type III IFN relies strongly upon both p38 and JNK MAP kinases for gene induction... - Long-term renal effects of a neutralizing RAGE antibody in obese type 2 diabetic miceAllan Flyvbjerg
Medical Department M and Medical Research Laboratories, Institute of Experimental Clinical Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Diabetes 53:166-72. 2004..In conclusion, RAGE is an important pathogenetic factor in the renal changes in an animal model of type 2 diabetes... - Delivery of siRNA from lyophilized polymeric surfacesMorten Ø Andersen
Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center iNANO, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Biomaterials 29:506-12. 2008.... - Mannan-binding lectin modulates the response to HSV-2 infectionM Gadjeva
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Clin Exp Immunol 138:304-11. 2004..0369). This suggests that lack of MBL-mediated complement activation increases susceptibility to viral infection... - Toll2011 at Lago di Garda: studying danger sensors by the guard towers at the lakeSøren R Paludan
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Nat Immunol 12:805-8. 2011..At the Toll2011 Meeting, recent advances in the field of innate immunity were presented and discussed. These insights have set new directions for both basic and translational research in this important field... - Two neisseria meningitidis strains with different ability to stimulate toll-like receptor 4 through the MyD88-independent pathwayT H Mogensen
Department of Infectious Diseases, Skejby Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Scand J Immunol 64:646-54. 2006..These data therefore provide molecular insight into activation of the inflammatory response by N. meningitidis, which is one of the key events in the pathogenesis of meningococcal disease... - Virus-cell interactions: impact on cytokine production, immune evasion and tumor growthT H Mogensen
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, The Bartholin Building, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
Eur Cytokine Netw 12:382-90. 2001..This review describes how virus infections affect cellular signal transduction and the mechanisms through which certain viruses modulate this response to dampen the immune response or prevent cell death...