Søren Saxmose Nielsen

..Because most of the reported studies did not yield prevalence estimates which were comparable to other studies, there is a continuing need for well-designed studies of the prevalence of MAP infections...

..Inclusion of milk yield in the interpretation of test results could improve the diagnostic value, resulting in more predictable patterns corresponding to progression of infection...

..This allowed a more informative ranking of the herds where low ranking and high ranking herds were easier to identify...

..Surprisingly, the hygiene level in the calving area was not found to affect the odds of infection...

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..Overall, the results of the study suggested that source of milk was not of great importance for the transmission of MAP, but colostrum should be fed only from the dam of that calf...

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..Animal health advisors should consider the diversity of participation reasons and address the specific reasons of individual farmers when establishing a strategy for control of MAP infections in a herd...

..The description provides input on the process and deductive reasoning which are integral parts to develop a high-quality design of a DTE for chronic infectious diseases...

..burnetii on two outcomes associated with parturition in cattle: a) stillbirth; and b) stillbirth and neonatal mortality combined (perinatal death)...

..Furthermore, decreases in the prevalence of MAP-specific antibodies may not reflect discontinued transmission of MAP in all age groups...

..e. the subjects chosen for test evaluation should reflect the distribution of animals in the population where the test is intended to be used...

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..7% vs. median TP (non-dairy)=0.8%. For the individual non-dairy breeds, the median estimates were generally higher, illustrating the problems of ranking groups based on relatively small sample sizes...

..These antibodies can be detected by ELISA with a test strategy that is different for younger and older cows. We suggest testing younger cows more frequently than older cows and that testing should be done prior to 350 d in milk...

..10 (0.04-0.22) in BTM and 0.20 (0.12-0.32) in IM. Quantifying the MAP load in test-positive milk samples was not possible because very few articles provided quantitative information on individual samples...

..Further studies are needed to evaluate these and other risk factors...

..Purpose-specific tests are required to appropriately interpret and use test results for management of paratuberculosis, and relevant covariates, such as age, should be included when possible...

..It was concluded that the parental contribution was significant, and both heritability of susceptibility and vertical transmission should be considered in any control programs on paratuberculosis in dairy cattle...

..e., sensitivity and specificity)...

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..Recent studies have indicated a negative influence on the health of affected animals. The present study investigated the prevalence, genetics and effect of BRL on milk yield and weight at slaughter...

..A standard morbidity ratio below 1 was observed in German shepherd dogs and Danish/Swedish farm dogs, suggesting a lower risk of cancer in these breeds...

..The purpose of the study was to compare the growth of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) and the degree of contamination on Herrold's egg yolk medium (HEYM) and modified Löwenstein-Jensen medium (LJ)...

..1%; (8) date of birth: 76.7%. All variables except date of death, birth, and diagnosis met the required 95% agreement limit. Data on dates of birth, death and diagnosis were considered less suitable for further studies...

..The frequent sharing of clones belonging to phylotypes B2 (n=7) or D (n=4) supports the hypothesis that urovirulent E. coli are transmitted between household members, including dogs, or may be acquired by a common source such as food...

..In conclusion, immunization with whole-cell MAP vaccines elicits both humoral and cell-mediated immune reactions, which may interfere with surveillance and diagnosis of both MAP and M. bovis infections using currently available tests...

..This study provided a model for estimating the proportion of latent chronic infections that would progress to disease, and the results can be used to model infection dynamics...

..In general, flock infections resembled an 'all or none' type of colonization as practically all of the chickens in infected flocks sampled positive. There was no evidence of vertical transmission of Gallibacterium...

..The observed viable MAP prevalence in beef carcasses was low. However, detection of MAP and MAP DNA in muscle tissues suggested that bacteremia occurred in slaughtered cattle...

..The observed host specificity of taxon 2 and 3 organisms may be used in future diagnostics and studies elucidating aspects of pathogenicity and epidemiology associated with the different lineages and their respective hosts...

..A weakened dermo-epidermal junction is a possible intermediate stage in the pathophysiology of bovine sole ulceration at the typical site...

..The AUC for the P-ELISA ROC curve was 0.9197, and the AUC for the A-ELISA ROC curve was 0.9149, demonstrating a negligible difference in efficiency of the 2 tests (z = 0.182)...

..9). Therefore, it was concluded that the intraplate variability could be ignored whereas the variability from the combined run-day-plate variable should be considered in any analyses based on the ELISA...

..In third and older parities, a significant effect of the quadratic term of stOD indicated exponentially increased losses with increased ODs...

..e., heavy bacterial shedders may have been represented among the cows sampled. It does not appear that intrauterine transmission is of major importance in the transmission of paratuberculosis...

..We found that both milk yield and its interaction with age had significant effects on the disease process whereas only milk yield was significant on the testing procedure...

..Despite this, it appears as if the method is a useful approach for herd-classification for most herds in the Danish dairy industry...

..Advanced age, comorbidity and acute admission seemed to be associated with an increased postoperative mortality. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that TURP in patients with liver cirrhosis was associated with increased mortality...

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