Anja Olsen

..69)). In conclusion, the present study indicates that pre-diagnostic exposure to acrylamide may be related to mortality among breast cancer patients and that this may especially concern the most endocrine related type of breast cancer...

..The purpose was to reveal if any of the common variants lead to increased susceptibility to colorectal cancer...

..The study groups included 434 postmenopausal breast cancer cases and an identical number of individually matched controls...

..In accordance with earlier research, we found a tendency toward a lower risk for breast cancer with higher concentrations of enterolactone, which was restricted almost entirely to ERalpha-negative breast cancer...

..47; 95% confidence interval: 0.32-0.68) and breast cancer mortality (HR: 0.56; 95% confidence interval: 0.36-0.87). Higher prediagnostic plasma levels of enterolactone were found related to lower mortality among breast cancer patients...

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..This study indicates that traditional, healthy food items should be considered before public recommendations for major dietary changes are made...

..No association was found, but more studies are warranted to further explore AR as a marker of whole-grain exposure in relation to cancer and other disease endpoints...

..The finding of a higher risk with this genotype is in accordance with the only previous study. Further research is needed to confirm the finding...

..90 (95% CI, 0.81-0.99). In conclusion, we did not find the overall breast cancer rate to be associated with the intake of fruits and vegetables, but there seemed to be different effects for ER(+) and ER(-) breast cancer...

..97 (0.93-1.00). No clear associations were seen for rectal cancer. Our data indicate a protective role of total and cereal fiber intake, particularly from cereal foods with high fiber content, in the prevention of colon cancer...

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..So far, however, results from the few epidemiological studies on the relation have been inconsistent, with no clear associations found...

..74 (1.25-2.44)]. Exclusion of antibiotics users strengthened the results slightly. In conclusion, with higher enterolactone levels, we found lower risk of colon cancer among women and higher risk of rectal cancer among men...

..In conclusion, intake of whole grain products was not associated with risk of breast cancer in a cohort of Danish postmenopausal women...

..Future studies on micronutrients and lung cancer should take source into account...

..To evaluate the association between wholegrain products intake and other dietary, lifestyle, anthropometric and socio-economic factors...

..13) for supplemental intake. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence of an association between breast cancer and intake of vitamin A or E for postmenopausal women. For vitamin C we found an increase in breast cancer rate with increasing intake...

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..The aim of the present study was to describe the intake of whole grain (WG) in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, and to investigate what proportion of the study population that met the new WG recommendation (75 g WG/day per 10 MJ)...

..In conclusion, only a few dietary determinants of Hb-AA and Hb-GA were identified. Thus, the present study implies that dietary intake measured by an FFQ explains only to a limited extent the variation in Hb-AA and Hb-GA concentrations...

..To identify the dietary, lifestyle and socio-economic factors associated with the intake of whole grains (WG) in Norway, Sweden and Denmark...

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..However, smoking intensity increased CRC risk among carriers of both NAT1 and NAT2 fast. This indicates that N-acetylator status affects the relationship between smoking and CRC risk...

..Our results suggest that baseline intake of alcohol is a more important determinant of postmenopausal breast cancer risk than earlier lifetime exposure...

..We investigated whether differences in exposure to certain risk factors contribute to this gradient, as measured from education, income and occupation...

..Particular attention was paid to the type of HRT used and to the association of HRT type with estrogen receptor status and tumor histology...

..The aims of this paper are to give a description of the study design, measurement procedures, and differences between participants and non-participants with special reference to socioeconomic characteristics...

..To investigate the effects of occupational activity and leisure time activity on incident colon cancer risk in a Danish middle-aged population...

..However, studies on folate and colorectal cancer have found contradicting results; dietary folate seems preventive, whereas folic acid in supplements and fortification may increase the risk...

..Using data from 274,688 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC), we investigated the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of breast cancer...

..The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the intake of whole-grain products and risk of prostate cancer in a large prospective cohort...

..Furthermore, when ER+ and ER- breast cancer cases were analyzed separately, no clear associations were observed...

..In conclusion, this study showed that higher intakes of fish were significantly associated with higher incidence rates of breast cancer. The association was present only for development of ER+ breast cancer...

..04; 95 % CI 1.00, 1.08). The present results provide some support for previously observed inverse associations between fresh fruit intake, particularly apples, and ACS risk...

..Our purpose was to examine associations between organochlorines and the development of breast cancer in a large prospective study using stored adipose tissue...

..Of the 24,418 women included as cohort members, 217 had a diagnosis of endometrial cancer. No clear associations were found between intake of whole grains or dietary fiber and the incidence of endometrial cancer...

..Clear differences in mortality from all investigated causes of death were found between participants and non-participants, which persisted after up to 15 years of follow-up. Socioeconomic position had little effect on this result...

..Thus, there were no strong associations between socioeconomic position and the incidence of these cancers; survival after NHL might be affected...

..Our results suggest that PPARγ and PGC-1α activity is an important determinant of alcohol related breast cancer...

..In addition to being a risk factor for breast cancer, a high pre-diagnostic alcohol intake also seems to have an effect on the course of the disease. We could not relate the finding to a specific tumor presentation...

..Levels of endogenous estrogen and SHBG are associated with risk of breast cancer among women who have never used hormone replacement therapy (HRT). We investigated these associations in both never and baseline users of HRT...

..To describe dietary protein intakes and their food sources among 27 redefined centres in 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)...

..In conclusion, relatively high blood concentrations of estrogens and free testosterone are associated with an increased endometrial cancer risk in postmenopausal women...

..These associations, however, might also be due to chance findings and further large studies are needed to confirm our results...

..However, three CDH1 polymorphisms in the same haplotype block, including the CDH1-160C/A, interacted with smoking to increase GC risk in smokers but not in never smokers. These findings should be confirmed in larger independent studies...

..Future analysis should involve viral biomarkers and genetic susceptibility markers to elucidate potential mechanisms of smoking-induced carcinogenesis, particularly for Hodgkin's lymphoma...

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..These results support the hypothesis that hypertension, rather than its medications, increases the risk of RCC in both sexes, while effective blood pressure control may lower the risk...

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..We examined the risks of gastric cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma associated with meat consumption within the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort...

..The relationship of specific fruit and vegetable subgroups with RCC risk warrant further investigation...

..Our study supports a possible protective role of vegetable intake in the intestinal type of GC and the ACO. Citrus fruit consumption may have a role in the protection against cardia GC and ACO...

..Results from this prospective study suggest that the GPX1 Pro198Leu-associated lowered GPX activity is associated with higher breast cancer risk among Danish women...

..The association between consumption of fruit and vegetables and risk of ovarian cancer is still unclear from a prospective point of view...

..CONCLUSIONS: The risk of breast cancer, in particular the estrogen receptor-positive type, was enhanced among postmenopausal women using estradiol-based HRT and among those who had a high 2-OHE concentration...

..Our study contributes to the identification of groups of elderly who are likely to have different prospects for long-term disease occurrence and survival...

..CONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm that colorectal cancer risk is positively associated with high consumption of red and processed meat and support an inverse association with fish intake...

..While it cannot be ruled out that the present findings are due to chance, the present results are consistent with previous findings that XPD Arg156Arg is a weak risk factor for basal cell carcinoma...

..We conducted a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort to examine associations among premenopausal serum concentrations of sex steroids and subsequent breast cancer risk...

..To examine whether adherence to the modified Mediterranean diet, in which unsaturates were substituted for monounsaturates, is associated with longer life expectancy among elderly Europeans...

..CONCLUSION: Although the period of follow-up is limited for now, the results suggest that total or specific vegetable and fruit intake is not associated with risk for breast cancer...

..Among premenopausal women, weight and BMI showed nonsignificant inverse associations with breast cancer...

..09). Moreover, we observed an interaction between plasma vitamin C and ENOC (P < 0.02). ENOC formation may account for our previously reported association between red and processed meat consumption and gastric cancer risk...

..Nevertheless, among older, postmenopausal women, hyperinsulinemia might contribute to increasing breast cancer risk...

..The reduction of endometrial cancer risk observed among postmenopausal women does not have direct public health relevance since cigarette smoking is the main known risk factor for cancer...

..03, 95%CI=0.98-1.09). In this large European cohort, both lifetime and baseline alcohol consumption increase colon and rectum cancer risk, with more apparent risk increases for alcohol intakes greater than 30 g/day...

..Cereal fiber consumption may help to reduce risk of GC, particularly diffuse type tumors. Further study on different food sources of fiber in relation to GC risk is warranted to confirm these relationships...

..In addition to an overall inverse association with fruit intake, the results of this evaluation add evidence for a significant inverse association of vegetable consumption and lung cancer incidence in smokers...

..Despite the fact that plasma concentrations of phytoestrogens in Europe were low compared with Asian populations, they varied substantially among subjects from the 16 different regions...

..No clear colorectal cancer risk associations were observed for IGFBP-1 or -2. This large prospective study confirms that hyperinsulinemia, as determined by C-peptide levels, is associated with an increased colorectal cancer risk...

..However, they suggest a possible role of the ACC-alpha common sequence variants in susceptibility to breast cancer and encourage studies of other genes involved in fatty acid synthesis...

..bottom quartile = 1.28 [95% CI 0.67-2.45], p(trend) = 0.42. Our results provide modest support to the hypothesis that hyperinsulinaemia is a risk factor for endometrial cancer...

..To evaluate the association of socioeconomic position with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and stomach...

..Most of these genes are involved in the activation and detoxification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, suggesting a potential role of these compounds in gastric carcinogenesis...

..This association was limited to distal GC, while serologically defined SCAG was strongly associated with cardia GC, thus suggesting a divergent risk pattern for these 2 sites...

..Adiponectin, an adipocytokine secreted by adipose tissue, is decreased in obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome, all of which are well-established risk factors for endometrial cancer...

..Although there was no overall association between ethanol intake and risk of lung cancer, the authors cannot rule out a lower risk for moderate consumption and a possibly increased risk for high lifelong consumption...

..Dietary recommendations should consider the potential benefit of increasing fruits and vegetables consumption for reducing the risk of cancers of the upper aero-digestive tract, particularly at low intake...

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..Presumably it is identical to the genetic variant previously observed in the same region that increases the risk of basal cell carcinoma before age 50...