Rabih O Darouiche

..Antimicrobe-impregnated implants also have the potential of reducing the likelihood of capsular contracture...

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..We assessed whether methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli could translocate through pores of ePTFE grafts...

..25 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.3-3.8]), nonsurgical trauma to the prosthetic joint (OR, 21.5 [95% CI, 2.6-175.2]), and surgical site infection (OR, 5.25 [95% CI, 1.7-16.7])...

..Since bacterial colonization of the implant is a prelude to clinical infection, antimicrobial modification of the devices may inhibit device colonization and subsequent infection...

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..This review article concludes with a perspective on assessing and preventing such serious infections...

..albicans or C. krusei. Impregnated devices also had significantly lower colony counts of C. albicans (58 vs. 1361 CFU; p 0.008) and C. krusei (19 vs. 764 CFU; p 0.008)...

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..Patients whose bladders became colonized with Escherichia coli 83972 were half as likely (P=.01) than noncolonized patients to develop UTI during the subsequent year...

..We sought to compare the impact of antimicrobial impregnation to that of tunneling of long-term central venous catheters on the rates of catheter colonization and catheter-related bloodstream infection...

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..To compare the effectiveness of bacterial interference versus placebo in preventing urinary tract infection (UTI)...

..8/30 = 27%, p = 0.033) and device-related infection (0/24 = 0% vs. 6/30 = 20%, p = 0.028) than uncoated grafts. These promising results encourage the clinical evaluation of vascular grafts coated with minocycline and rifampin...

..The objective of this study was to assess the impact of using the StatLock securing device on symptomatic catheter-related urinary tract infection (UTI)...

..We hypothesized that preoperative skin cleansing with chlorhexidine-alcohol is more protective against infection than is povidone-iodine...

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..The potential protective role of newer innovative approaches, such as biofilm modification and bacterial interference, ought to be further investigated...

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..An in vitro elution study of these coated sewing cuffs demonstrated residual zones of inhibition against Staphylococcus epidermidis for at least 4 weeks...

..This explains the need to assess the potential clinical protection afforded by anti-infective technologies. In addition to improving patient care, a clinically protective anti-infective approach can also bring tremendous cost savings...

..The objective of this animal study was to assess the efficacy of a coating with minocycline and rifampin to prevent colonization of a grit-blasted titanium implant and subsequent osteomyelitis...

..These findings prompt future exploration of the anti-infective efficacy of these antimicrobial-impregnated devices...

..aeruginosa. These results encourage the clinical evaluation of these sewing cuffs...

..Treatment was successful for 15 (83%) of the 18 case patients within 90 days of follow-up, with a median catheter retention interval of 64.5 days...

..Ventricular assist devices dipped in NAC/G/A exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity in vitro and were less likely than undipped devices to become colonized with Staphylococcus aureus in a rabbit model...

..N-acetylcysteine-tigecycline significantly decreased all viable biofilm-associated bacteria and was synergistic for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis...

..Preventive strategies that avoid the use of antimicrobial agents may be necessary in this population...

..coli 83972 significantly impedes catheter colonization by all tested bacterial and fungal pathogens. The broad applicability of this particular approach to bacterial interference in vitro invites further exploration in vivo...

..We assessed the in vitro effect of exposing various bacteria to minocycline/rifampicin-impregnated vascular catheters on the antimicrobial activity of the catheters and the antimicrobial susceptibility of tested organisms...

..We hypothesized that improving the catheter adherence of E. coli 83972 would improve its bacterial interference properties...

..aureus and protect against staphylococcal colonization of devices implanted for 2 days in animals...

..Little is known about nonstaphylococcal CIED-related infections, which make up approximately 10% to 30% of all CIED infections...

..CONCLUSIONS: Both of these antiseptic kits were highly effective for skin preparation prior to drawing blood for cultures. The use of these kits may have contributed to the low contamination rate observed in this study...

..Currently, no proven effective strategies exist for prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection in persons who are chronically catheterized...

..Ten of 12 subjects were successfully colonized for 14 days or more. The rate of symptomatic UTI during colonization was 0.15 per 100 patient-days...

..Considerable work is being done in this area, but little clinical progress has been made. The purpose of this review is to analyze recent publications concerning prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection...

..Hypoalbuminemia and bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are associated with higher healthcare costs; bacteremia due to MRSA is also associated with poor survival rates...

..The objectives of this study were to investigate the frequency of fungal VAD infections and assess various risk factors and their effects on mortality as compared with bacterial VAD infections...

..We describe our experience of patients with IE, with particular attention to the role of pre-existing intravascular catheters and implanted cardiac devices in the pathogenesis...

..We studied biofilm formation on catheters from patients with and without bacteremia to identify the location of bacterial growth and measure biofilm thickness...

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..We investigated in vitro whether a colicin-expressing strain of Escherichia coli could prevent urinary catheter colonization by a colicin-susceptible, uropathgenic strain of E. coli...

..To determine whether the prevalence of gram-negative catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is higher in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) than in patients without SCI...

..coli 83972 significantly impedes catheter colonization by Enterococcus: These promising in vitro results prompt the clinical investigation of this particular application of bacterial interference...

..001). Furthermore, device-associated infection was significantly lower in MBX1631-coated catheters than in uncoated ones (P < 0.005)...

..To examine the mechanical integrity of hemodialysis catheters after exposure to the combination of N-acetylcysteine, tigecycline, and heparin, compared with that of catheters exposed to heparin alone...

..The implications of these results with regard to the selection of potential vaccine antigens for the prevention of urinary tract infection are discussed...

..Incubation alone yielded bacterial colony counts similar to those of other culturing combinations and is the least labor-intensive...

..To study the clinical and molecular epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium organisms causing catheter-related bacteremia in patients with cancer...

..The medical and economic impact of these infections is enormous...

..Lack of in vitro antifungal activity against biofilm-encased organisms appeared to be the primary reason for mycological failure of antifungal regimens in the model...

..The objective of this animal study was to examine the ability of dalbavancin and vancomycin to prevent Staphylococcus aureus colonization of devices...

..04). Exposure of catheters to trypsin before sonication improves the sensitivity of sonication and enhances the accuracy of assessing significant catheter colonisation...

..We compared the rates of catheter colonization and catheter-related bloodstream infection associated with these two kinds of antiinfective catheters...

..0001) by all tested pathogens compared to control catheters. These in vitro results suggest that this antimicrobial combination can potentially be used to combat catheter colonization and catheter-associated infection...

..This review represents an update on the diagnosis and management of sepsis, catheter-related blood stream infections and some clinically important device-related infections...

..CONCLUSIONS: Method of bladder management remains the most influential factor in reducing the risk of UTI in persons with SCI. Experimental approaches that inhibit adhesion and biofilm formation by uropathogens are promising...

..To report a case of oral vancomycin-induced elevation of liver enzyme levels...

..The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic-based polymethylmethacrylate (ab-PMMA) beads in achieving wound sterilization and graft preservation in patients with vascular graft infections...

..In this report, we describe a case of spinal epidural abscess presenting as abdominal pain, and review the literature describing other cases of spinal epidural abscess presenting as intra-abdominal pathology...

..This article will review the pathobiology of aortic graft infection, as well as methods to prevent a prosthetic graft infection. Furthermore, various surgical treatment modalities of aortic graft infection will be discussed...

..To examine the antibody responses of people with spinal cord injury (SCI) to the commercially available trivalent influenza vaccine...

..Factors other than microbial adherence may help explain the observed association of C. parapsilosis with device-related infections...

..Catheter removal or exchange is also useful in management. This review summarizes and analyzes the results of published studies of CA-UTIs and assesses the role of prevention approaches and management strategies...

..However, catheter guidewire exchange is an acceptable alternate strategy in some patients. The most important goal should be to increase the rate of incident arteriovenous fistula use in the HD population...

..This would eliminate the the risk of discomfort and soreness at the injection site...

..To the best of our knowledge, we describe in this report not only the first case of a VP shunt infection by S. marcescens in an adult, but also the first case of a VP shunt infection by this organism in the absence of bowel perforation...

..There is a pressing need to explore the clinical efficacy of antimicrobial surfaces suitable for use in devices intended for long-term use...

..The authors examined the efficacy of EVD catheters impregnated with minocycline and rifampin in preventing these catheter-related infections...

..Invasive infection with Candida species is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Optimal preventive strategies have not been clearly defined...