Dinna N Cruz

..This paper will provide a concise review of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, prevention strategies, and selected kidney management aspects for these two acute CRS subtypes...

..Our aim was to synthesize the current evidence on NGAL and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to clarify the prognostic significance of systemic NGAL levels in CVD...

..Our aim was to synthesize the current evidence on NGAL and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to clarify the prognostic significance of systemic NGAL levels in CVD...

..During critical illness, oliguria is often used as a biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, its relationship with the subsequent development of AKI has not been prospectively evaluated...

..In this review we will summarize the literature on novel renal behind these and other biomarkers and discuss their potential relevance to the clinical scenarios of cardio-renal syndrome...

..It is controversial whether prophylactic renal replacement therapy (RRT) may reduce a patient's risk of RCIN when compared with standard medical therapy (SMT)...

..Nevertheless, the mortality associated with AKI remains unacceptably high, and further work is needed. Recently developed consensus definitions will be useful in this regard...

..The optimal dialysis dose for the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) is controversial. We sought to evaluate the relationship between renal replacement therapy (RRT) dose and outcome...

..In addition, the proposed algorithm is intended to provide a foundation for prospective evaluation and the development of a broad consensus on when to initiate RRT in critically ill patients...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the hydrophobic resin Amberchrom CG161 M to adsorb from septic plasma soluble mediators involved in tubular injury...

..The potential of extending the use of RIFLE/AKIN to the clinical setting of cardiorenal syndromes is also discussed...

..The value of each biomarker is reviewed on currently available clinical data in typical settings of CRS. These markers might extend the therapeutic window during which timely and individualized patient management might be possible...

..It is likely that panels of multiple biomarkers will be needed for optimal evaluation, risk stratification, timely treatment initiation and follow-up of patients with CRS...

..The current literature seems to provide some support for this premise, and provides the basis for further rigorous study...

..It aims to provide a starting point for clinicians and future prospective studies. We also review the available literature on discontinuation of RRT and propose a few simple recommendations on how to 'wean' patients from RRT...

..Finally, we propose a potential approach to future biomarker strategies for RRT initiation, integrating these biomarkers with "traditional" clinical factors...

..We performed this study to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of plasma NGAL for early detection of AKI and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) in an adult intensive care unit (ICU)...

..In this context, it is likely that panels of multiple biomarkers will be needed for optimal evaluation, risk stratification, timely treatment initiation, and follow-up of patients with CRS...

..As new data emerge, integration of novel biomarkers into the consensus definition will be a welcome refinement...

..We performed a systematic review to describe the effect in septic patients of direct hemoperfusion with PMX-F on outcomes of blood pressure, use of vasoactive drugs, oxygenation, and mortality reported in published studies...

..However, publication bias and lack of blinding need to be considered. These encouraging results need to be verified with large-scale controlled clinical trials...

..Newer VECM based on polysulfone bring us further down the road towards complete biocompatibility, and represent a promising therapy against oxidative stress in chronic HD patients...

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..Our objective was to examine the effect of VECMs on anemia in chronic hemodialysis (HD)...

..We conducted a systematic review of published trials to determine whether periprocedural extracorporeal blood purification prevents RCIN...

..One important factor which affects patients' choice of dialysis modality is the input of their physicians. Our objective was to identify the factors affecting attitudes and recommendations of Filipino nephrologists regarding HD and PD...

..Many newer biomarkers have been studied for both heart and kidney dysfunction. This article focuses on newer biomarkers for the cardiorenal syndrome...

..3% of ICU patients requiring renal replacement therapy. Sepsis was a significant contributing factor. Overall mortality was between 30 and 42%, and was highest among those in RIFLE class F...

..Different pathophysiological mechanisms are involved in the combined dysfunction of heart and kidney in these five types of the syndrome...

..It has been hypothesized that this might be a result of a state of chronic inflammation and increased oxidative stress. We performed this pilot study to explore this hypothesis...

..Unit performance, sieving coefficients and clearances were evaluated in fourteen patients undergoing continuous veno-venous hemofiltration and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis...

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..If and when our results prove to be reproducible in large-scale studies, such studies should provide new insights into sd-LDL and its actual role in atherogenesis in patients undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis...

..Clinical evaluation based solely on body weight, blood pressure, volume of ultrafiltration (UF) and peripheral edema is insufficient. A non-invasive test, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) might be of potential benefit...

..More importantly, we highlight the methods for prevention of AKI development or worsening in the elderly critically ill patient...

..Here, we performed a cross-sectional, controlled study to evaluate monocyte HLA-DR expression and apoptosis in dialyzed chronic kidney disease patients...

..This article summarizes the rationale, technology and clinical application of various extracorporeal lung assist techniques available for clinical use, and some of the future perspectives in the field...

..We conclude that sodium hypochlorite solution in different concentrations (10 and 50%) is effective in preventing exit site infections and bacteremia associated with tunneled central venous catheters in chronic hemodialysis patients...

..The mainstay of management is prevention of further deterioration, as the chances of renal recovery may be lower in older patients...

..This review will provide a summary of the epidemiology of the cardio-renal syndrome and its subtypes...

..Consensus statements concerning epidemiology, diagnosis, prevention, and management strategies are discussed in the paper for each of the syndromes...

..This review summarizes the recent literature on these biomarkers...

..Consequently, monitoring of urine output with URINFO may enable rapid therapeutic interventions and can be incorporated into patient data systems, thereby improving therapy management...

..Strategies for the prevention of AKI are particularly important in these fragile patients, but making an early diagnosis is especially challenging in this age group...

..This review discusses the historical aspects of backfiltration, its mechanisms and influencing factors, and subsequently the different hemodialysis techniques in relation to increasing or diminishing this phenomenon...

..The purpose of the present review is to identify the mechanisms involved in the syndrome related to combined heart-kidney dysfunction...

..These areas are characterized by the presence of three distinct haplotypes, suggesting a strong lineage-specific gene...

..With careful selection of techniques to meet the individual demands of the patient, PD is an appropriate modality of dialysis for patients with AKI...

..These effects of mechanical vibration can be helpful in extracorporeal blood purification therapies including continuous, portable and wearable systems...

..In this paper, we will briefly review the epidemiology of ADPKD, conventional and novel biomarkers which may be useful in following the disease process, and prevention and treatment strategies...

..Elevated levels of plasma BNP may help identify patients with elevated risk of AKI in the ICU setting. The mechanism for this cardiorenal connection requires further investigation...

..Bio impedance analysis is the most reliable, repetitive, not invasive, simple, portable and relatively inexpensive technique to assess the fluid status of a dialysis patient is bioimpedance...

..In particular, we review the genomic organization of the NGAL gene, the lipocalin family structure, the interaction between NGAL and ligands, and the induction and expression of NGAL in different conditions...

..Gram-negative-induced abdominal sepsis is likely associated with high circulating endotoxin. Reducing circulating endotoxin levels with polymyxin B hemoperfusion could potentially improve patient clinical outcomes...

..Furthermore, inflammatory pathways seem to play a central role in organ crosstalk and may be fundamental to distant organ damage...

..Plasma levels of natriuretic peptides (NPs) appear to have an important prognostic value in many clinical settings including coronary artery disease and provide additional information about cardiovascular risk...

..The findings in a cohort of cardiac patients undergoing imaging procedures using exclusively the isoosmolar non-ionic contrast medium iodixanol are evaluated according to the RIFLE/AKIN criteria...

..This paper will provide a summary of the epidemiology of the cardiorenal syndrome and its subtypes...