Annie Wc Kung

..Although hip fracture is the most serious of all fractures, osteoporosis management should be prioritized to prevent deterioration of health and occurrence of further fracture...

..We report the safety findings from a 3-year phase 3 study (NCT00205777) of bazedoxifene, a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator under development for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis...

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..Age-related osteoporosis may be associated with inefficient intestinal calcium absorption and bone remodeling...

..The aim of this study was to determine the genetic predisposition to TPP in relation to Na/K-ATPase genes...

..The aim of this article was to review the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and management of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP)...

..26-4.25) even after adjusting for BMD. In conclusion, ESR2 is involved in BMD determination in both sexes. The T-1213C polymorphism influences the risk of fracture in postmenopausal women independent of BMD...

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..It is beyond the scope of this paper to discuss thyroid eye disease and cardiac complications, in themselves separate complications of specific myocytes...

..Agents targeting these functional domains may well be an option for the management of hypercalciuria and renal stones...

..1 gene...

..Clinical trials with bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens have shown beneficial effects on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers with improvement in vasomotor symptoms and little or no stimulation of breast and endometrium...

..In summary, RAI therapy was associated with a change in thyroid antibody characteristics in most patients. Additionally, patients with a surge in TBII and the appearance of TSBAb developed transient hypothyroidism after RAI...

..However, it is uncertain whether the recommended dose intervals of 4 weeks and 10-14 days, respectively, are applicable to all patients...

..We evaluated the impact of pregnancy on the maternal and fetal thyroid axis in Hong Kong, a coastal city in southern China with borderline iodine intake...

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..Finally, the current challenges and future directions of research will be briefly discussed...

..No thyroid malignancy was detected. In conclusion, pregnancy is associated with an increase in the size of preexisting thyroid nodules as well as new thyroid nodule formation. This may predispose to multinodular goiter in later life...

..Estrogen is probably the dominant sex steroid regulating bone resorption in men, but both testosterone and estrogen are important in maintaining bone formation...

..Our results identify the JAG1 gene as a candidate for BMD regulation in different ethnic groups, and it is a potential key factor for fracture pathogenesis...

..The reviewed position statements included those for bone testing by central and peripheral devices but did not include ISCD Official Positions on Vertebral Fracture Assessment or pediatric bone mineral density...

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..Our study aimed to evaluate the importance of LRP5 in the determination of peak bone mass acquisition in Chinese females in the general population...

..Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a major risk factor for osteoporotic fracture. Chromosome 14q has previously been linked to BMD variation in several genome-wide linkage scans in Caucasian populations...

..Overall, our data suggest a genetic and functional association of PBX1 with BMD...

..We therefore investigated the validity of a Chinese version of the Saint Louis University ADAM questionnaire to screen for androgen deficiency in Chinese men...

..The effect of each polymorphism on BMD variance ranged from 1% to 4%. In conclusion, ERalpha, ERbeta and LRP5 are important candidate genes determining BMD variation, especially in females...

..Chromosome 1p36 is a region that has previously shown good evidence of linkage to bone mineral density (BMD) in multiple studies, but the genes that are responsible for the linkage signals are unknown...

..The aim of the present study is to systematically study the relation of ALOX15 polymorphisms in BMD variation in southern Chinese women...

..Our results suggest that QPCT may be the QTL gene at chromosome 2p for spine BMD variation in the Chinese population...

..Our data suggest a mechanistic link between rs1230399 and BMD through estrogen ERalpha/FOXA1 signaling pathways driven by long-distance enhancers...

..The list of most likely candidate genes and the associated pathway identified will assist researchers in prioritizing candidate disease genes for further empirical analysis and understanding the pathogenesis of osteoporosis...

..To investigate the effects of the changes in serum bioavailable and total testosterone (TT) levels with aging on visceral body fat distribution and muscle strength in Chinese men...

..However, their relative importance and actual contribution to MIP have not been prospectively assessed...

..Our study highlights the use of publicly available databases for rapidly surveying the genome for quantitative trait loci...

..The clinical pattern of primary HPT has undergone a significant evolution in Western countries. A similar change can be documented in a geographic region where this condition is considered to be relatively uncommon...

..Clinical risk factor assessment with or without BMD measurement was shown to be an effective predictor of 10-yr risk of osteoporotic fracture and provides a more accessible tool for patient evaluation...

..These findings stress the importance of expanding efforts to increase knowledge and awareness among health care providers and also provide future directions for developing strategies for managing osteoporosis in developing Asian regions...

..The genetic and environmental risk factors for osteoporosis in southern Chinese as well as the current approach towards managing this growing health problem in Hong Kong are presented...

..Although BI was significantly associated with BMD, addition of BI did not enhance the ability to diagnose osteoporosis significantly compared with simple clinical criteria such as age and weight...

..CONCLUSIONS: The results confirmed that once-weekly alendronate was efficacious in increasing BMD and reducing bone turnover and was well tolerated in Asian women...

..Maintaining an ideal body weight, engaging in an active lifestyle, and diagnosing late menarche may enable young women to maximize their peak bone mass and so reduce their risk of osteoporosis in later life...

..No case of venous thromboembolism was reported. The effects of raloxifene 60 mg/d on bone turnover, BMD, and serum lipids in healthy postmenopausal Asian women were similar to that previously reported in Caucasian women...

..The QUALEFFO-31 is a useful tool for assessing QOL in Chinese. It was well accepted and significantly predictive of subjects with CVFs...

..CONCLUSION: We have not only replicated the previous linkage finding on chromosome 11q but also identified two sex-specific QTL that contribute to BMD variation in Chinese women and men...

..This Review presents an overview of the major findings since 2007 and clinical applications of these genome-wide linkage and association studies...

..An R-script implementing all the selection approaches (including the traditional phenotype-based ones) used in the simulation is available at http://statgen.hku.hk/jshkwan ...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcome of CHF as the initial presentation in patients with primary hyperthyroidism...

..Hyperthyroidism is one of the most common reversible causes of atrial fibrillation (AF); nevertheless, the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with hyperthyroidism who present with new-onset AF is unclear...

..Risedronate was well tolerated without major adverse effects. We conclude that risedronate is an effective and well-tolerated agent for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Asian population...

..Total thyroidectomy can be performed as safely as STT and should be recommended as the procedure of choice for patients requiring surgical treatment for Graves' disease...

..Continuous surveillance of iodine status in the Hong Kong population is necessary...

..Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage is a rare complication of thiourea agents and the treatment often requires corticosteroids or other immunosuppressants, together with withdrawal of the causative agent...

..Further analyses of candidate genes are warranted to identify QTL genes and variants underlying the variations of BMD in this region...

..To describe the iodine nutrition of pregnant and lactating women in Hong Kong, where intake is of borderline sufficiency...

..Recent reports suggest an association between hyperthyroidism and pulmonary hypertension (PHT), although the potential mechanisms and clinical implications remain unclear...

..In conclusion, hyperthyroidism-induced persistent AF carries a lower recurrence rate after conversion to sinus rhythm than non-hyperthyroidism-induced persistent AF, and early electrical cardioversion should be considered...

..Significant reductions in bone turnover occur with stable serum calcium and PTH levels. Alendronate may be a useful alternative to parathyroidectomy in asymptomatic PHPT among those with low BMD...

..Evidence was gained to suggest that several chromosomal loci regulate BMD in a site-specific and sex-specific manner...