Chor Sang Chim

..Gene-promoter methylation is an epigenetic mechanism of transcription inactivation. In this study, the authors investigated the frequency and prognostic significance of p15 and p16 gene methylation in adult acute leukemia...

..The usefulness of CD79a in the diagnosis of plasmacytoma and the good response of the tumor to combined surgery and radiotherapy are illustrated. Plamacytoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of lacrimal tumors...

..We analysed the methylation status of a panel of 10 genes including p15, p16, DAPK, p73, VHL, E-CAD, MGMT, RARbeta, RIZ1, and ER...

..The diagnosis was based on the small B cell morphology, demonstration of lympho-epithelial lesions, and immunophenotypic profile...

..Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease associated with thrombohemorrhagic complications and myeloid transformation to diseases such as myelofibrosis and acute myeloid leukemia...

..To perform a multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazard model of the impact of JAK2 V617F mutation on thrombosis and myeloid transformations in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET)...

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..She presented with a massive, painless abdominal mass. The tumor responded to chemotherapy but the patient died of neutropenic sepsis...

..This is followed by the discussion on the frequency and staging systems for primary gastrointestinal lymphomas, and the relevance of monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody therapy...

..The leukemogenic risk of hydroxycarbamide, a ribonucleoside reductase, and the risk of natural leukemic transformation of polycythemia rubra vera is discussed in the context of previous PVSG studies...

..The clinical features and clinical outcome in Ki-1 anaplastic large cell lymphoma are discussed...

..Clinicopathologic features and treatment outcome were similar to Caucasian patients, in that the disease combined the aggressive nature of DLC lymphoma and the incurability of low-grade lymphoma...

..We describe a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia on interferon treatment, who developed BMN with symptoms and signs masquerading as interferon toxicity. This is followed by a literature review of BMN in CML...

..Urgent decompression fasciotomy and combination chemotherapy resulted in durable remission status. This is followed by a review of primary skeletal muscle lymphoma in the English literature...

..We hypothesized that AML in this case resulted from a complex pre-disposition by the natural progression of ET, prolonged use of HU, and the prior evolution into MF. The leukemogenic risk of HU is critically appraised...

..There is more frequent p16 hypermethylation in mantle cell lymphoma and p15 or Rb1 hypermethylation in follicular lymphoma. The role of Rb methylation in disease or histologic transformation in follicular lymphoma warrants further study...

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..However, they have a considerable degree of morphologic and immunophenotypic overlap, making a definitive diagnosis difficult...

..Small patient numbers and short follow-up are common in some acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) studies and data on secondary malignancies after treatment of AML are rare...

..The proper diagnosis was only derived later with CD30 immunohistochemical study. This carries important implications on the management, as radical surgery is indicated in resectable carcinoma but not for a chemosensitive lymphoma...

..This is followed by a discussion on the differential diagnoses of nasal T/NK cell lymphoma and Ki-1 ALCL, based on clinical and pathological features...

..Hypermethylation of MIR34B/C is tumor-specific. Frequent MIR34B/C hypermethylation during relapse/progression but not at diagnosis implicated a role of MIR34B/C hypermethylation in myeloma relapse/progression...

..Here we compared the outcomes of the staged approach with frontline PAD (bortezomib/doxorubicin/dexamethasone) or VTD (bortezomib/thalidomide/dexamethasone) induction, and analysed prognostic factors for outcome...

..To study the role of gene promoter hypermethylation of the putative tumour suppressor genes involved in the death-associated protein (DAP) kinase/p14/HDM2/p53/Apaf-1 apoptosis pathway in multiple myeloma (MM)...

..SHP1 methylation leading to epigenetic activation of the Jak/STAT pathway might have a tentative role in the pathogenesis of myeloma, which should be further confirmed by functional studies in primary myeloma samples...

..MicroRNA (miR) miR-34a, -34b/c, -124-1 and -203 are tumor suppressor miRs implicated in carcinogenesis...

..In NHL, hsa-miR-203 methylation was associated with concomitant methylation of other tumour suppressor miRNAs. The frequent hsa-miR-203 methylation in lymphoid malignancies suggested a pathogenetic role of hsa-miR-203 methylation...

..Methylation of DAP kinase and oestrogen receptor genes was comparable in multiple myeloma and MGUS. In conclusion, methylation of p16, SHP1 and E-cadherin genes might be involved in the progression of MGUS to multiple myeloma...

..Amongst haematological cancers, miR-124-1 was more frequently hypermethylated in NHL, and hence warrants further study...

..Comparable occurrence of MIR203 methylation in MGUS and MM at diagnosis or relapse suggested that MIR203 methylation may be an early event in myelomagenesis instead of being acquired during disease progression...

..EBV-positive PTLD occurred much later in Asian patients. Treatment results of PTLD were favorable...

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..RARA is the first myeloid-specific transcription factor shown to be dysregulated by both translocation and aberrant methylation...

..Our approach reduced the use of bortezomib without compromising the ultimate CR rate and is of financial significance for less affluent communities...

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..INK4 (p15, p16, p18 and p19) and CIP/KIP (p21, p27 and p57) are two families of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI) targeting CDK4/6 and CDK2, respectively...

..In AML, p15 gene methylation was associated with the M2 subtype, but was not prognostic for CR, OS, or DFS...

..Finally, the potential role of miRNA methylation as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis (and hence the potential of developing a risk-stratified approach) and a therapeutic target is discussed...

..The patient achieved complete remission after one course of treatment. After completion of six courses of FND, the patient has remained in remission for more than 3 years. FND may be an effective treatment for aggressive SPTCL...

..The ectopic expression of CD44DeltaEx1 in BJAB cells enhanced their proliferation rate and clonogenic ability, indicating a possible pathogenic role of the translocation...

..The clinicopathologic features and risk factors identified in this study may help design better treatment strategies for this often-lethal complication...

..This regimen avoids the possible long-term toxicities of As2O3 and mutagenicity of combination chemotherapy, a strategy that might be suitable for this potentially curable leukaemia...

..Methylation study of a panel of genes, regulating a cellular pathway instead of isolated genes, is important...

..A review of the literature showed a marked variation in the frequencies of methylation of these genes, which might be attributable to difference in methodologies used to detect gene methylation...

..To investigate the frequency of p15 and p16 gene promoter methylation in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and to define its value in the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) and treatment prognostication...

..Aberrant CEBPA methylation is infrequent in AML, but may occur preferentially in the M2 phenotype...

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..In addition, primary steroid refractoriness and positive ANA were bad prognostic factors of the subsequent response to splenectomy...

..Our results suggest a synergistic therapeutic effect between As2O3 and ATRA in APL in advanced relapse...

..Herein, we review the recent literature of methylation of tumor suppressive miRNAs in different histopathologic subtypes of lymphomas, and discuss its potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance...

..Multivariate analysis showed that international prognostic index was the most significant factor impacting on outcome and survivals...

..However, difficulties persist in making cytologic diagnosis...

..The patient underwent autologous bone-marrow transplantation, and 14 months later she developed obstructive jaundice...

..Early stage, good performance status, and low international prognostic index risk scores significantly impacted on CR rate and survivals. Rituximab and fludarabine were safe for non-gastric MZL and resulted in more durable remissions...

..None of the cell lines and patient samples showed p300 gene methylation. Therefore, hypermethylation of p300 is not an important mechanism in leukemogenesis...

..The presence of peripheral rim enhancement with hypodense or hypointense centers on T1-weighted images may, however, mimic an abscess...

..In conclusion, Wif-1 is infrequently methylated in CLL. Other factors leading to activation of the Wnt pathway warrant further study...

..Frequent methylation of SHP1, but not SOCS1, may be important in the pathogenesis, but not prognosis, of acute leukaemias...

..0004). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that As(2)O(3) may be superior to chemotherapy and BMT for the treatment of APL in relapse...

..In summary, the adverse impact of Ph chromosome, B-cell phenotype and high leukocyte count was overcome by allogeneic BMT. Matched unrelated donor transplantation appears promising...

..Emerging evidence suggests a possible prognostic value of gene promoter hypermethylation. Moreover, gene hypermethylation may also serve as a target for therapeutic invention by hypomethylating agents...

..For patients with a history of active malignancy and heavy previous chemotherapy exposure, the use of nontoxic arsenic therapy appeared to be effective and prudent...

..Therefore, we followed a cohort of 81 Chinese patients who received allogeneic BMT...

..In this review, the authors will focus on the aberrant methylation of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of lymphoid malignancies including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia...

..Presence of bone erosion is suggestive but not diagnostic of the disease...

..CONCLUSION: Non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma is effective, has low toxicity, and results in low treatment-related mortality. Studies of more cases with longer follow-up durations are required...

..Analysis of the methyl-sensitive Hpa II sites at the 5' end of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene showed that skewed inactivation of the X chromosome carrying her normal FIX gene accounted for the hemophilia phenotype...

..Furthermore, the presence of identical T cell clones in different sites and at different times suggested that a clonal T cell population might have contributed to the pathogenesis in this case of Kimura's disease...

..Moreover Chinese patients with CLL share a similarly indolent clinical course, and this is the first comprehensive study on p14, DAP kinase and Apaf-1 hypermethylation in CLL...

..We presented the clinico-pathological and radiological features of a patient with primary mediastinal GS, and discussed the differential diagnoses and clinical management...

..This case showed that clonal evolution with additional karyotypic aberrations might alter the blast morphology and pathologic features in APL...

..A territory-wide prospective epidemiological study is indicated...