A Chakravarty

..The author hypothesizes that the great painter Leonardo da Vinci very intelligently painted the angles of the mouth of Mona Lisa's face to evoke this illusion of movement (smile) to increase the aesthetic value of this great work of art...

..The differential diagnoses are discussed. The case is reported for its rarity and to increase awareness...

..It is suggested that the neurologic symptoms most likely resulted from pontine compression, rather than from any compression of the cranial nerves...

..There is need for a modified diagnostic criteria and terminology for chronic primary headaches in children...

..Occurrence of sexual headaches in both male and female subjects had been unpredictable. Few had associated migraine and none ever experienced exertional headache...

..However, no study has yet been reported from the Eastern part of India and none done so far in patients in a specific ethnic group. Furthermore therapy response and follow up data are not available in detail in the Indian studies...

..In all, 73.5% of children ultimately experienced holocranial headaches. This study documents pain location at onset and during established headaches in children with migraine largely from a specific ethnic group...

..During established headache unilateral pain was recorded in only a small proportion of children (10.5%) whereas it was noted in many adults' subjects (40.5%). Such a detailed comparative study had not been made earlier...

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..Most migraine triggers identified were environmental (sun exposure, hot humid weather, smoke and noise) and stress related (school stress mostly). Quite often these operated concurrently to precipitate individual migraine attacks...

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..It is hypothesized that that subtle frontal dysfunction is a pre-requisite for creative cognition but here again the relationship is also in an inverted U-form...

..The suggested hypothesis on mechanism of action of triggers, offers theoretical basis for efficacy of currently available pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies for abortive and prophylactic treatment of migraine...

..This appears to be the first report on these features in Indian subjects with migraine...

..The second case is perhaps the youngest patient reported with this disorder...

..Hypoperfusion may also affect formation as well as absorption of CSF altering clearance of amyloid and promoting vascular and parenchymal deposition. Thus the pathologies of AD, VaD and NPH get interrelated...

..TACs appear to be rare in Indian patients and cluster headache seems to be exclusively a disease of men. The present report is to the best of our knowledge the first of its kind to be reported from India...

..CDH in India is not uncommon. Analgesic/ergot overuse needs to be recognized early. The average dose of analgesic implicated in CDH seems much less compared with that reported in the West...

..Functional neuroimaging studies in support of the concept of CCD and ICD have been critically reviewed in the light of the morphological changes demonstrated in the cases cited herein...

..Significant venous pooling in legs is also prevented by adopting a squatting posture and using a commode seat...

..Of great promise is the use of free radical scavengers and antioxidants. One such agent idebenone, a short chain analogue of co-enzyme Q10, may have a future...

..The need for clinical and genetic studies of ataxias in different specific ethnic populations of India has been stressed...

..The present study attempted to look into the patterns of ADCA amongst ethnic Bengalee patients hailing from the eastern Indian state of West Bengal...

..Pedigree analysis suggested an x-linked recessive form of inheritance. This appears to be the first report of an Indian family with x-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease...

..These observations provide morphological evidence of the phenomenon of crossed cerebral-cerebellar diaschisis (CCD). Functional neuroimaging studies in support of the concept of CCD has been critically reviewed...

..We would suggest that hypertensive subjects and those at risk of stroke should avoid squatting and urge physicians to check squatting BP while monitoring anti-hypertensive therapy...

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..The present study has been designed to assess the validity of this observation and to identify the likely triggering factor in stroke onset in such situations...

..A brief note on the pathogenesis of the cerebral lesions is included and the controversial aspect of seizure control in eclampsia highlighted...

..Neurologic complication following PCEC vaccination has not been reported earlier...

..We considered this combination to be more than coincidental and argue in favour of considering the case as a variant form of Neurofibromatosis type 1. The relevent literature in favour of our contention has been reviewed...

..The diagnosis should be considered a variant form of HSD...

..Nosological and other issues raised by these cases are discussed and inclusion of such cases within the rubric of Benign Sexual Headaches is argued...