S C Patten

..Several community studies have identified associations between allergies and depressive symptoms. In this study, we evaluated the association between self-reported allergies and several Axis I disorders in a community population...

..Simulation can integrate datasets and literature-based estimates from various sources into a coherent mathematical representation of the underlying total population epidemiology...

..g. through strategies such as watchful waiting. However, the implications of episode heterogeneity for long-term prognosis have not been adequately explored...

..Population-based studies are needed to evaluate such interactions. The objective of this study was to describe the pattern of interaction of MS and mental disorders on health-related impairments...

..The objective of this study was to determine whether this aspect of the NPHS can be expected to introduce bias into longitudinal estimates of risk factor associations...

..The NPHS included a more comprehensive set of mortality determinants than prior studies, allowing a more comprehensive assessment of the effect of MDEs on mortality...

..A similarly engaged process might benefit other policy areas...

..The goal of "The Happy Docs Study" was to increase knowledge of current stressors affecting the health of residents and to gather information regarding the well-being resources available to them...

..The purpose of this study was to describe these epidemiological associations using a national probability sample...

..We investigated the level of perceived stress, mental health and understanding and need for well-being resources among resident physicians in training programs in Alberta, Canada...

..We examined the feasibility and predictive accuracy of two different interpretations of the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) frailty criteria in a population-based sample of AL residents...

..This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CAM use in the general population and for those with asthma, diabetes, epilepsy and migraine...

..This is surprising since interferons used in other clinical contexts are considered capable of causing depression. The negative results in MS could be due inadequate power in the published trials...

..Prevalence is a case in point. There have been claims that prevalence has been both over- and underestimated. This review is an attempt to reconcile this apparent contradiction...

..Although the observed associations were statistically highly significant, the prevalence estimates were lower than previous reports from studies using clinical samples, suggesting that selection bias may have influenced some estimates...

..Structured diagnostic inter- views include items that evaluate physical etiologies for mood and anxiety disorders. The objective of this article was to assess the impact of such items...

..To describe reasons reported by physicians making recommendations for treatment with antidepressant medications...

..6% of the total population during the same year. The crude odds ratio for affective disorders in MND was 2.3 (95% CI = 1.7-3.0). However, the prevalence of affective disorders declined with increasing illness duration...

..2 is capable of providing the best currently available description of major depression epidemiology in Canada. Using the CCHS 1.2 data, our study aimed to describe the epidemiology of major depression in Canada...

..One study reported an association between lifetime substance use disorders and arthritis...

..However, the pattern of association of major depression with potential demographic determinants is not consistent with the classical "dilution" effect expected to occur with non-differential misclassification bias...

..Physician-assigned ICD-9-CM codes were used to classify MS and psychotic disorder status. A significant association was observed. Additional research is needed to determine the clinical importance and treatment needs of this population...

..Several attempts to do so have been made using mathematical modeling procedures. However, this information is not easy to communicate to users of epidemiological data (clinicians, administrators, policy makers)...

..Interferons are employed in the management of multiple sclerosis, hepatitis C and certain malignancies. Neuropsychiatric toxicity can interfere with the successful use of these drugs...

..This hypothesis predicts that a pattern of increasing reactivity to life events will be a better predictor of the need for, and response to, psychiatric treatment than current definitions...

..The latter possibility has received relatively little attention in the literature. In this study, we evaluate the incidence of several important chronic medical conditions in people with and without MD...

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..We hypothesized that treatment with antidepressants (ADs) would be associated with a shorter duration of SSHs use as mood and anxiety disorders may underlie the symptoms usually targeted by BDZ treatment...

..The objective of our study was to describe the longitudinal epidemiology of major depressive episodes (MDEs) in a Canadian sample using data from the National Population Health Survey (NPHS)...

..Proposed explanations for this pattern include: a cohort effect (increasing incidence in more recent birth cohorts), recall failure and/or differential mortality. Declining age-specific incidence may also play a role...

..The goal of this project was to derive, using simulation, more readily interpretable parameter values from the available data...

..To determine whether major depression (MD) leads to an increased risk of new-onset high blood pressure diagnoses...

..The significance of these findings remains unclear. Major depressive episodes (MDEs) may increase the risk of injury and injuries may increase the risk of MDEs. Longitudinal data are needed to distinguish between these possibilities...

..The goal of our study was to estimate the impact of MDE on subsequent employment status in a longitudinal community cohort...

..The objective of this study was to determine whether major depressive episodes (MDEs) are associated transitions between active and inactive recreational activity patterns...

..An opportunity to evaluate this issue arises with a prospective Canadian study called the National Population Health Survey (NPHS)...

..Cross-sectional studies have reported an association between major depressive episode (MDE) and obesity. The objective of this longitudinal analysis was to determine whether MDE increase the risk of becoming obese over a 10-year period...

..The objective of this study was to determine whether major depressive episodes (MDE) contribute to a lower rate of participation in three prevention activities: blood pressure checks, mammograms and Pap tests...

..This section on "Classification, Burden and Principles of Management" is one of 5 guideline articles in the 2009 CANMAT guidelines...

..The objective of this commentary is to explore the implications of these new epidemiologic findings for policy and practice in Canada...

..The association may be partially mediated by antidepressant medication use. In the current study we examine changes in weight and BMI in relation to MDE and antidepressant use in a general population cohort...

..We explored the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing a disease management program for depression in an MS clinic...

..Available treatments for the management of fatigue and cognitive deficits remain inadequate and patients must often accommodate these symptoms in their lifestyle...

..No significant differences between groups emerged during 36 months of follow-up. These data suggest that depression is not a side effect of interferon beta1a...

..The objective of this analysis was to compare levels of hopelessness in persons with RRMS and SPMS, and to describe changes over time in the clinical trial participants...

..However, the impact of depressive disorders on costs associated with MS have not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate this association...

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..Incidence and episode duration are critical decision modeling parameters for recurrent diseases...

..In principle, increased rates of treatment utilization and improved treatment outcomes should lead to improved mental health at the population level. Progress of this sort, however, has been difficult to confirm...

..Markov models are useful both in epidemiological modelling and in decision analysis...

..However, three of the target variables (cognitive style, activity level, and sleep quality) were found to be strong predictors of whether a participant had an episode of major depression during the follow-up period...

..In this paper, the analysis is extended to 2000, and additional aspects of health care utilization are described...

..This review had two objectives: to identify evidence linking medical drugs to depressive symptoms and disorders, and to summarize this evidence in a clinically meaningful way...

..Selection bias is a possible explanation for this difference. A decision about whether to use incentives must be based on the specific goals of the study...

..The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between recall failure (failure to recall previous depressive episodes) and bias in the evaluation of age-specific lifetime major depression prevalence...

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..However, these studies have used highly selected samples and the results may not be generalizable to real world settings...

..To determine the prevalence of major depression in multiple sclerosis (MS) in a population-based sample controlling for nonspecific illness effects...

..The objective of this project was to develop a Markov model based on epidemiological theory that may be useful for decision analysis and health services research...

..The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between alcohol consumption and major depression in the Canadian population...

..To evaluate associations between long-term medical conditions and major depression in the Canadian population, and to examine the impact of these conditions on health care service use and disability...

..This study confirms that the probability of selection of clinical subjects can be conditionally dependent on diagnosis and other variables in ways that create a substantial vulnerability to selection bias...

..Some CIDI- SFMD positive subjects may have had depressive symptoms attributable to organic or other etiologies excluded under the definition of major depression...

..The objective of this study was to evaluate this association in a general population sample...

..Cross-sectional studies have reported that certain long-term medical conditions are associated with major depression. Here, these associations are explored using a longitudinal analysis...

..However, the lack of an increase in depression-rating scale scores and the lack of association with suicide risk suggests that the syndrome may be an atypical one...

..Few studies have employed prospective methods, which are necessary to evaluate incidence, and few have focused on predominantly rural areas...

..Nevertheless, these data confirm the heterogenous nature of this condition; many people with the syndrome of major depression may have quite brief episodes...

..The prevalence of major depression is increased in people with chronic medical conditions. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether this is due to a higher incidence, an impact on prognosis, or an effect of mortality...

..To evaluate epidemiological associations between self-reported diet pill consumption and major depressive episodes (MDEs), using data from a large-scale, cross-sectional survey of the Canadian population...

..To evaluate cross-sectional associations between depressive episodes and a set of potential biopsychosocial determinants in Calgary, Canada...

..To investigate the clinical and pharmacoepidemiological determinants of delirium in a psychiatric inpatient population...

..The present study explores the ability of the EQ-5D HRQL measure to differentiate among those with a clinical diagnosis of MDE and/or anxiety disorders...

..The negative impact of epilepsy is disproportionate to its prevalence. Our objectives were to determine if health-related behaviors (HRBs) and health status differ between patients with epilepsy, migraine, or diabetes...

..2) offers the first opportunity to characterize Canadian psychotropic medication use on a national level within diagnostic groups as assessed by a full version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)...

..This study examined associations between mood disorders, anxiety disorders, substance dependence or harmful alcohol use, and occupational status and disability in a general population sample...

..To describe lifestyle characteristics and associated health issues among psychiatric outpatients in 3 diagnostic categories: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and anxiety and (or) depression...

..To compare gambling behaviors in a random sample of community residents with and without mental disorders identified by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)...

..To evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CV-RF) and disease (CV-D) in people with schizophrenia...

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..The absence of a significant association between overall medication nonadherence and health outcomes may reflect study limitations and/or the need to differentiate among types of nonadherent behaviours...

..The objective of this analysis was to explore this possibility by carrying out descriptive analyses of symptom ratings obtained using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Rating Scale (CES-D) in an MS clinic population...

..Three participants in the progressive group and 28 in the relapsing group had a lifetime history of major depression. The lifetime morbidity ratio for major depression in relapsing patients was 2.64 compared with that of PPMS...

..5% (N=38) were found to have a depressive disorder. The results of the study indicate that case-finding for depressive disorders among multiple sclerosis patients can be facilitated by use of the CES-D scale...

..In a recent study, we found a minimal impact of screening, even when this was coupled with rapidly responsive and evidence-based depression care...

..The objective of the current study was to determine whether self-reported thyroid disease is associated with elevated mental disorder prevalence in the general population...

..The pattern observed is relevant both to understanding major depression epidemiology and to assessing a possible role for the PHQ-9 as a screening instrument...

..We used data from the National Population Health Survey (NPHS) to determine whether this trend is continuing and to provide updated estimates of the frequency of use...

..This analysis explores the prevalence of MD in the general population in relation to various long-term medical conditions...

..The objective of this study was to assess episode incidence and recovery in relation to antidepressant use, adjusting for symptom severity...

..We were particularly interested in identifying high-level evidence for improved clinical outcomes as documented by randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cohort studies...

..They also draw into question the importance of regional variation in mental disorder prevalence--which might otherwise have been a key advantage of telephone survey methodologies...

..In principle, increased rates of treatment utilization should lead to improved mental health status at the population level. However, methods for relating antidepressant utilization to population health status have not been described...

..The findings provide evidence of both rational prescribing practices and potential treatment bias in the pharmacotherapeutic management of daily pain in older home care clients...

..To estimate the cumulative incidence of major depressive episode (MDE) over 6 years and the associations between demographic and socioeconomic variables and MDE in a sample of the Canadian national population...

..To describe the 12-month prevalence of major depression in relation to smoking status, nicotine dependence levels, commitment to quit, attempts to quit, and maintenance of smoking cessation in the Canadian general population...

..The study explored population-based service planning for mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT). Evidence suggests the usefulness of MBCT in relapse prevention for individuals reporting three or more major depressive episodes...

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..A variety of pharmacological strategies for treatment and prevention have been proposed. Education and support also appear to be important, and perhaps neglected...