Amit X Garg

..73 m(2) undergo evaluation for anaemia and metabolic bone disease. We aim to report the prevalence of metabolic complications in adults with low GFR...

..We examined the validity of algorithms that used combined hospital encounter and physician claims database codes for the detection of CKD in Ontario, Canada...

..Living kidney donors lose 50% of their renal mass and show changes in calcium homeostasis. We studied whether living kidney donation increases the risk of fragility fracture...

..The degree of involvement by the next-of-kin in deceased organ procurement worldwide is unclear. We investigated the next-of-kin's authority in the procurement process in nations with either explicit or presumed consent...

..To determine whether people who donate a kidney have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease...

..Previous studies on hospital-acquired AKI have important methodological limitations, especially their retrospective study designs and limited ability to control for potential confounding factors...

..Estimates in the literature are highly variable, and previous studies did not use a healthy control group to establish outcomes attributable to HUS...

..We aimed to develop a method to grade the accuracy and severity of self-reported acute symptoms...

..The 'content' filters help identify articles in the discipline of renal medicine. We will now test the utility of these filters for physician MEDLINE searching...

..With no existing data to support screening after self-limited E. coli O157:H7 gastroenteritis, we recommend that only those children who develop recognized features of hemolytic uremic syndrome be followed for long-term renal health...

..The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a large sample of elderly adults living in long-term care facilities, and to compare two commonly used methods for estimating GFR...

..However, relevant studies are also scattered across a large range of journals that may not be routinely scanned by busy physicians, and keeping up with this literature requires other continuing education strategies...

..An initial decrement in GFR is not followed by accelerated losses over a subsequent 15 years. Future studies will provide better estimates, and identify those donors at least risk of long-term morbidity...

..To develop and test a Medline filter that allows clinicians to search for articles within a clinical discipline, rather than searching the entire Medline database...

..Risk estimates in the literature are variable, and most studies did not use a healthy control group to assess outcomes attributable to donation...

..We studied the risk of hypertension and reduced kidney function after an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis due to contamination of a regional drinking water supply with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter species...

..Whether such identification leads to improved health outcomes warrants further study...

..We explored whether the association between the acute exposure and preliminary long-term health outcomes may have been biased through differences between early- and late-recruited study participants...

..However, estimates of long-term risk are highly variable, with previous studies not using a healthy control group...

..The long-term renal prognosis of patients with diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) remains controversial...

..Living kidney donation offers a unique setting to study changes in phosphate and vitamin D homeostasis attributable to mild isolated decreases in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)...

..We assessed this association among a cohort of children enrolled in the Walkerton Health Study (WHS)...

..To evaluate the risk for hypertension, renal impairment, and cardiovascular disease within eight years of gastroenteritis from drinking water contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter...

..This practice may lead to fistula creations in patients who never receive dialysis. The objective of this study was to estimate the risk of fistula nonuse with long-term follow-up...

..Fibric acid derivatives (fibrates) have been shown to increase serum creatinine level in randomized trials...

..The effect of increased fluid intake on kidney function is unclear. This study evaluates the relationship between urine volume and renal decline over 6 years in a large community-based cohort...

..This study examines the cost-effectiveness of a chronic disease management model for chronic kidney disease...

..05-5.4). A trend toward higher chronic hypertension and mean arterial pressure in early pregnancy was observed among women who experienced gastroenteritis after exposure to bacterially-contaminated drinking water...

..Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one cause of acute bacterial gastroenteritis, which can be devastating in outbreak situations. We studied the risk of cardiovascular disease following such an outbreak in Walkerton, Ontario, in May 2000...

..The objective of this study was to compare the risk of access interventions between the two modalities...

..In conclusion, there is a strong association between intensive home hemodialysis and improved survival, but whether this relationship is causal remains unknown...

..We investigated whether the use of search filters in PubMed improves searching by physicians...

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..Our objective was to develop and test search filters for PubMed, Ovid Medline, and Embase that allow physicians to search within a subset of the database to retrieve articles relevant to glomerular disease...

..We assessed prevalence of uninvestigated dyspepsia in a cohort of individuals, some of whom were exposed to bacterial dysentery in May 2000, as well as risk factors for dyspepsia in exposed individuals...

..The objective of this study is to compare clinical performance target attainment and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients receiving HD in satellite versus in-center units...

..S. non-institutionalized population. Such knowledge guides the utility of population screening to prevent ESRD...

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..Physicians often search for information to improve patient care. We evaluated how nephrologists use online information sources for this purpose...

..Acute dialysis is used to support life in the most severe cases. We examined whether rates and outcomes of acute dialysis after elective major surgery have changed over time...

..Rural populations in North America may be at increased risk for overweight. We evaluated whether overweight and obesity were associated with prehypertension and hypertension in a well-characterized population of children in rural Canada...

..Opinions on how to deal with this sensitive information are variable. Discussion among transplant professionals will facilitate best practices and policies. Strategies adopted by some centers can be considered...

..The simultaneous use of beta adrenergic receptor blockers (beta-blockers) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) may confer a high risk of hyperkalemia...

..In summary, inexpensive screening with urine dipstick should allow primary care physicians to follow fewer patients with serial eGFR assessment but still identify those with rapid decline of kidney function...

..Little evidence justifies the avoidance of glyburide in patients with impaired renal function. We aimed to determine if renal function modifies the risk of hypoglycaemia among patients using glyburide...

..The findings of this study provide suggestions for the role of social work and improvement in the health care system to better address the needs of living kidney donors...

..Acute kidney injury frequently arises within an acute care hospitalization. Outcomes among acute kidney injury survivors following hospital discharge are poorly documented...

..Beta-blockers may be cardioprotective in patients receiving chronic dialysis. We examined cardiovascular outcomes among incident dialysis patients receiving beta-blocker therapy...

..Future controlled, prospective studies with long periods of follow-up will better delineate safety and identify donors at lowest risk for long-term morbidity...

..A summary of the impact of eGFR reporting in health care systems around the world for which it has been adopted is lacking...

..EMBASE is a popular database used to retrieve biomedical information. Our objective was to develop and test search filters to help clinicians and researchers efficiently retrieve articles with renal information in EMBASE...

..To quantify the incidence of diabetes during the acute phase of diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (D + HUS) and to identify features associated with its development...

..The objectives of this study were to determine the impact that contraindications and barriers to self-care have on incident PD use, and to determine whether family support increased PD utilization when home care support is available...

..Reduced kidney function confers a higher risk of acute kidney injury at the time of an inciting event, such as sepsis. Whether the same is true in those with reduced renal mass from living kidney donation is unknown...

..Thus, eGFR reporting contributes to improved, guideline-appropriate care of older patients with CKD...

..We do not know at this time whether the proteinuria associated with excessive fluid intake in these otherwise healthy people will affect their kidney function in the long term...

..Patients receiving dialysis have a high burden of cardiovascular disease. Some receive coronary artery revascularization but the optimal method is controversial...

..However, it remains to be seen whether the routine reporting of eGFR results in improved treatment and outcomes for those with chronic kidney disease...

..Developing future reimbursement policies will remove a disincentive faced by some potential donors, and may increase rates of transplantation in Canada...

..The diagnostic accuracy of cystatin C estimated GFR (eGFR) by various cystatin C equations have varied in different studies. We hypothesized that the GFR level of enrolled patients affects the diagnostic accuracy of a cystatin C equation...

..This study suggests that a high BMI, a big mom, and a high birth weight are more important risk factors for hypertension during childhood than low birth weight or gestational age...

..To characterise the risk of admission to hospital for hyperkalaemia in elderly patients treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in combination with spironolactone...

..2% of these developed IBS. We used this cohort to study genetic susceptibility to post-infectious (PI)-IBS...

..To better define its incidence and epidemiology, a large cohort study was initiated after the contamination of a municipal water supply led to a large outbreak of acute Escherichia coli 0157:H7 and Campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis...

..Our study shows that rates of living donor kidney transplant have steadily risen in most regions of the world, increasing its global significance as a treatment option for kidney failure...

..We reviewed studies which followed 5 or more healthy donors, where changes in biochemical measures or anemia were assessed at least 4 months after nephrectomy...

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..The organ shortage has caused policymakers in many nations to debate the merits of adopting presumed consent legislation as a way to increase donor organ donation from deceased donors...

..The use of a common cardiovascular medication in this patient population appears to be influenced by other factors...

..More than 90% of cases of renovascular disease (RVD) are caused by atherosclerosis; thus patients with this condition are at high risk for vascular events. We examined the association of statins with prognosis in patients with RVD...

..Systematic reviews of health care topics are valuable summaries of all pertinent studies on focused questions. However, finding all relevant primary studies for systematic reviews remains challenging...

..Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) have the potential to improve kidney-related drug prescribing by supporting the appropriate initiation, modification, monitoring, or discontinuation of drug therapy...

..We undertook an observational study to determine whether concealment of randomization or blinding was used in RCTs that failed to report these bias-reducing strategies...

..This paper constitutes the second annual update on patient and center recruitment, patient and treatment characteristics, and future directions for the registry...

..If "virtual journal subsets" that are likely to include all relevant articles can be defined for clinical discipline areas or disease content areas this will likely improve search precision...

..29 mL.s(-2).m(-2) (<30 mL/min per 1.73 m2) at 6 months...

..This study assessed the methodologic quality of all systematic reviews relevant to the practice of nephrology published in 2005...

..Successful interventions for long-term regimens are all labor-intensive but ultimately can be cost-effective...

..Thus, postoperative serum CysC is useful to risk-stratify patients for AKI treatment trials. More research, however, is needed to understand the relation between preoperative renal function and the risk of AKI...

..The calibrated Rule equation seems to perform better than CG and MDRD (CKD 3 versus 11.3 to 12%) but lacks validation against gold standards for community-based screening...

..79; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.85). Propensity score matching produced similar results. These data suggest that statins may protect against renal complications after major elective surgery and reduce perioperative mortality...

..This interaction could be unpredictable in presence of renal failure due to increased half-lives of most commonly used antihypertensive medications...

..The 'ideal' trial in terms of methods must be balanced against the feasibility of implementation and budgetary constraints. Here, we explore some of these issues...

..Randomized trials with adequate statistical power are required to establish the efficacy and the safety of DHD...

..The objectives of this study were to assess the quality of data collected in the Canadian Organ Replacement Register (CORR) compared with the patient's medical charts...

..The prognosis (in terms of risk for progression and end-stage renal disease) of low clearance in unreferred populations may differ from that in referred populations and requires further study...

..As such, it should be considered as a standard question in HD-related studies in which a health-related quality-of-life outcome is examined...

..The analysis supports restitution of a better RCT of plasma exchange for myeloma kidney rather than off-label use...

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..To assess how different imputation methods used to account for missing variance data in primary studies influence tests of heterogeneity and pooled results from a meta-analysis with continuous outcomes...

..This disconnect between donor selection and a lack of knowledge of recipient outcomes should give transplant decision-makers pause and sets an agenda for future research...

..If better understood, this potential barrier to donation could be corrected through fair health and underwriting policies...

..Discussing long-term medical risks with potential living donors is a vital aspect of informed consent. We considered whether there are global practice variations in the information communicated to potential living kidney donors...

..29 (0.80-2.08)]. In light of an observed trend towards potential differences beyond 4 years, uncertainty remains, and extended follow-up of this and other cohorts is warranted...

..In conclusion, patients with stage 3 CKD and symptomatic high-grade carotid stenosis gain a large benefit in stroke risk reduction after endarterectomy...

..A small proportion of donors had adverse psychosocial outcomes. Most kidney donors experience no change or an improvement in their psychosocial health after donation. Harms may be minimized through careful selection and follow-up...

..We found no evidence that kidney donors were disadvantaged in the first step of applying for life insurance. The effect donation has on subsequent phases of insurance underwriting remains to be studied...

..S. general non-institutionalized population...