Research Topics
Genomes and GenesSpecies | G KorenSummaryAffiliation: The Hospital for Sick Children Country: Canada Publications
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Detail Information
Publications
Antidepressant use during pregnancy: the benefit-risk ratioGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Am J Obstet Gynecol 207:157-63. 2012....- More codeine fatalities after tonsillectomy in North American childrenLauren E Kelly
Schulich School of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
Pediatrics 129:e1343-7. 2012..These cases demonstrate that analgesia with codeine or other opioids that use the CYP2D6 pathway after adenotonsillectomy may not be safe in young children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome... - Pharmacokinetics in pregnancy; clinical significanceGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol 18:e523-7. 2011..To ensure that women are not orphaned from advances in drug therapy, much more research is needed into the determinants of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes in pregnancy... - The effect of acyclovir on the tubular secretion of creatinine in vitroPatrina Gunness
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
J Transl Med 8:139. 2010..Our objective was to determine whether acyclovir inhibits the tubular secretion of creatinine... - Health-related quality of life of Canadian children and youth prenatally exposed to alcoholBrenda C Stade
Department of Paediatrics, St, Michael s Hospital, Toronto, Canada
Health Qual Life Outcomes 4:81. 2006..Objective: To measure the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of Canadian children and youth diagnosed with FASD... - Effect of iron content on the tolerability of prenatal multivitamins in pregnancyPatricia Nguyen
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 8:17. 2008.... - How physicians perceive and utilize information from a teratogen information service: the Motherisk ProgramAdrienne Einarson
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto, Canada
BMC Med Educ 4:6. 2004..Our primary objective was to evaluate the perception and utilization of information received from us by physicians. Our secondary objective was to examine their information seeking behavior, in particular regarding teratogen information... - Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among veterinary staff in Ontario, Canada (2002): implications for teratogenic riskSamar Shuhaiber
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
BMC Infect Dis 3:8. 2003..gondii antibody among veterinary staff, to ascertain whether they have an increased risk through occupational exposure. Our secondary objective was to examine their practices regarding cats, toxoplasma infection, and pregnancy... - A survey of physicians knowledge regarding awareness of maternal alcohol use and the diagnosis of FASAlexandra C Nevin
The University of Toronto Medical School
BMC Fam Pract 3:2. 2002..The objectives of this study were twofold: 1) to evaluate the experience, knowledge and confidence of family physicians with respect to the diagnosis of FAS and 2) to evaluate physicians awareness of maternal drinking patterns... - Drug-induced nephrotoxicity in children: pharmacologically based prevention of long-term impairmentGideon Koren
Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Paediatr Drugs 9:139-42. 2007 - Ribavirin in the treatment of SARS: A new trick for an old drug?Gideon Koren
Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont
CMAJ 168:1289-92. 2003 - Adverse effects in neonates exposed to SSRIs and SNRI in late gestation--Motherisk Update 2008Gideon Koren
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto
Can J Clin Pharmacol 16:e66-7. 2009..Preliminary evidence suggests that the very early respiratory symptoms may not be part of discontinuation but rather part of a reversible form of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)... - Use of healthy children as volunteers in drug studies: the ethical debateGideon Koren
Division of Clinical Pharmacology/Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
Clin Pharmacol Ther 73:147-52. 2003 - Training clinicians in pediatric pharmacology-toxicology: the Toronto modelGideon Koren
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Paediatr Drugs 11:60-2. 2009..The program will continue to prepare pediatricians for the rapidly changing challenges of rational drug therapy for children... - Critical appraisal rounds: a new training model for clinical pharmacologistsGideon Koren
The Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Can J Clin Pharmacol 14:e81-5. 2007..Formal evaluation of this model by trainees revealed high marks for "critical thinking", "learning study design", and "how to write/not to write"... - Training clinicians in Maternal-Fetal Pharmacology: closing a conceptual gapGideon Koren
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario, Canada
Paediatr Drugs 11:72-3. 2009..The novel Summer Institute in Maternal-Fetal Pharmacology is presented, with preliminary indications that it fulfils its mandate... - Therapeutic drug monitoring of antithyroid drugs in pregnancy: the knowledge gapsGideon Koren
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lombardi Cancer Center
Ther Drug Monit 28:12-3. 2006..This knowledge gap must be filled to ensure fetal safety... - Hearing loss in a woman on aspirin: the silent pharmacokinetic parameterGideon Koren
From the Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 31:1-2. 2009..A sudden hearing loss in a woman on aspirin has uncovered a frequently neglected toxicological parameter... - Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs during third trimester and the risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus: a meta-analysisGideon Koren
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
Ann Pharmacother 40:824-9. 2006..An evaluation of the risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus is useful in determining the safety of NSAIDs at different stages of pregnancy... - The way women perceive teratogenic riskGideon Koren
The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Can J Clin Pharmacol 14:e10-6. 2007 - Insulin glargine safety in pregnancy: a transplacental transfer studyErika K Pollex
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Diabetes Care 33:29-33. 2010..Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether insulin glargine crosses the human placenta using the human perfused placental lobule technique... - Validation studies of the Pregnancy Unique-Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) scoresG Koren
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada
J Obstet Gynaecol 25:241-4. 2005..PUQE has been validated through 4 independent clinical outcomes of direct importance and relevance for NVP. The simplicity of PUQE and the ease of its execution make it a practical tool for both clinical follow-up and research... - Is maternal use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the third trimester of pregnancy harmful to neonates?Gideon Koren
Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
CMAJ 172:1457-9. 2005 - Cancer chemotherapy in young children: challenges and solutionsGideon Koren
Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Pediatr Blood Cancer 49:1091-2. 2007..Each drug should be studied by itself before rational cancer therapy for young children can be offered. Much more focus on this age group is needed to improve survival, while ensuring their long-term quality of life of these children... - Pre-emptive therapy for severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and hyperemesis gravidarumG Koren
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children Toronto, University of Toronto, Canada
J Obstet Gynaecol 24:530-3. 2004..Women who have experienced severe NVP in a previous pregnancy may benefit from taking antiemetics before, or immediately at the start of symptoms in a subsequent pregnancy... - Pharmacogenetics of morphine poisoning in a breastfed neonate of a codeine-prescribed motherGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
Lancet 368:704. 2006 - Generic isotretinoin: a new risk for unborn childrenGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Hospital for Sick Children and Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
CMAJ 170:1567-8. 2004 - Recall bias of the symptoms of nausea and vomiting of pregnancyGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Am J Obstet Gynecol 190:485-8. 2004..The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of recall by women of their symptoms of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy... - Fetal alcohol spectrum disorderGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
CMAJ 169:1181-5. 2003 - Healthy children as subjects in pharmaceutical researchGideon Koren
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Toronto, ON, Canada
Theor Med Bioeth 24:149-59. 2003..In this paper, I review the ethical and scientific issues and the arguments in favor and against this new practice... - DEET-based insect repellents: safety implications for children and pregnant and lactating womenGideon Koren
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont
CMAJ 169:209-12. 2003..In this article, we review the available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of DEET-based products. The evidence does not support increased risk in young children... - The global alliance for pediatric pharmacology: the future is here and nowGideon Koren
The Hospital for Sick Children, Ontario, Canada
Paediatr Drugs 11:4-5. 2009..This is also true for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies, as well as for the development of pediatric formulations. Finding simple ways to inform the world about existing data may save time and facilitate efforts... - Reviewers' bias against the null hypothesis: the reproductive hazard of binge drinkingGideon Koren
The Ivey Chair in Molecular Toxicology, Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol 17:e281-3. 2010..Scientific journals should make an effort to eliminate this source of bias against negative results... - Hair nicotine:cotinine metabolic ratio in pregnant women: a new method to study metabolism in late pregnancyGideon Koren
Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 30:246-8. 2008..This phenomenon may explain why many pregnant women feel the urge to continue smoking and why standard-dose nicotine replacement therapy has not been effective in reducing smoking during pregnancy in several clinical trials... - Effectiveness of delayed-release doxylamine and pyridoxine for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a randomized placebo controlled trialGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Am J Obstet Gynecol 203:571.e1-7. 2010..To evaluate the effectiveness of Diclectin (doxylamine succinate 10 mg-pyridoxine hydrochloride 10 mg, delayed-release preparation) as compared with placebo for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy... - Perpetuating fears: bias against the null hypothesis in fetal safety of drugs as expressed in scientific citationsGideon Koren
The Motherisk Program and the Medical Library, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol 18:e28-32. 2011..e., those showing no issues with fetal safety of drugs) may cause distorted interpretation with apparently safe drugs being labeled as teratogenic, causing women to terminate pregnancy or not to treat serious medical conditions... - The effect of ascertainment bias in evaluating gestational antidepressant exposureGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, and the University of Toronto
J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol 18:e174-5. 2011..Hence, there is much higher chance to identify VSD in their babies than among healthy controls. Moreover, paroxetine has been used more specifically than other SSRI for anxiety, further increasing the chance of ascertainment bias... - Pregnancy and commonly used drugs in hematology practiceGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2010:160-5. 2010..It is critical to always balance the potential fetal risks of the drug in question against the maternal and fetal risks of the untreated hematological condition... - Understanding fetal alcohol spectrum disorder--bringing schools and teachers on boardGideon Koren
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol 18:e242-4. 2011..A new approach to the educational aspects of FASD will help educational experts to be better prepared for students affected by this challenging condition... - Estimation of fetal exposure to drugs of abuse, environmental tobacco smoke, and ethanolGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 24:23-5. 2002..The identification of biologic markers of intrauterine exposure to xenobiotics will allow better understanding of etiology and dose-response relationships... - Drugs in pregnancy: acknowledging challenges--finding solutionsGideon Koren
The Motherisk Program, Toronto and Ivey Chair in Molecular Toxicology, University of Western Ontario
Can J Clin Pharmacol 14:e2-4. 2007 - Novel methods for the detection of drug and alcohol exposure during pregnancy: implications for maternal and child healthG Koren
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Clin Pharmacol Ther 83:631-4. 2008..Despite extensive evidence of fetal and neonatal risk, a large number of pregnant women are involved in excessive alcohol and drug abuse, such as with cocaine, methamphetamine, opioids, and cannabinoids... - Preconception counseling: rational, practice and challengesA Walfisch
The Motherisk Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Minerva Ginecol 63:411-9. 2011..In addition, specific topics are reviewed in depth including folic acid supplementation, obesity, depression, seizure disorders, and drug therapy during pregnancy... - Attitudes, management and consequences of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy in the United States and CanadaP Mazzotta
The Motherisk Program, Department of Pediatrics and Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 70:359-65. 2000..In Canada, a generic form of Bendectin (Diclectin; a doxylamine/pyridoxine combination) has continued to be available, with increasing use over the last few years... - Combined analgesia and local anesthesia to minimize pain during circumcisionA Taddio
Department of Pharmacy, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 154:620-3. 2000..Pain of circumcision is only partially relieved by single modalities, such as penile nerve block, lidocaine-prilocaine cream, and sucrose pacifiers... - Breast cancer resistance protein: mediating the trans-placental transfer of glyburide across the human placentaC Gedeon
University of Toronto, Department of Pharmacology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Placenta 29:39-43. 2008..Our study also indicates that BCRP likely effluxes substrates in the fetal to maternal direction in the human placenta... - Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to venlafaxine: a multicenter prospective controlled studyA Einarson
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Am J Psychiatry 158:1728-30. 2001..Because there are no studies available on the safety of venlafaxine during pregnancy, the authors' goal in this study was to determine whether venlafaxine increases the risk for major malformations... - Recent developments in meconium and hair testing methods for the confirmation of gestational exposures to alcohol and tobacco smokeDaphne Chan
The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Clin Biochem 37:429-38. 2004..The latest developments and novel applications of meconium and hair testing for the confirmation of prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure are discussed in this review... - Communicating pharmacogenetic research results to breastfeeding mothers taking codeine: a pilot study of perceptions and benefitsP Madadi
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Clin Pharmacol Ther 88:792-5. 2010..Thirty-three percent of the participants wished to withhold these results from their physicians. Participants' expectations seem to dictate the extent of transparency of pharmacogenetic research results... - Neurodevelopment of adopted children exposed in utero to cocaine: the Toronto Adoption StudyI Nulman
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ont
Clin Invest Med 24:129-37. 2001..Follow-up into school years is warranted to evaluate the extent of these effects... - Opioid detection in maternal and neonatal hair and meconium: characterization of an at-risk population and implications to fetal toxicologyMonique Moller
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 32:318-23. 2010..657, P = 0.03). Understanding the addiction profiles of these women may lead to better clinical and social management and may largely benefit an at-risk population... - The role of the placenta in variability of fetal exposure to cocaine and cannabinoids: a twin studyR Boskovic
Department of Pediatrics and Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, ON, Canada
Can J Physiol Pharmacol 79:942-5. 2001..Given that twins are theoretically exposed to similar maternal drug levels, our findings suggest that the placenta may have a major role in modulating the amounts of drug reaching the fetus... - Adverse effects of antidepressant use in pregnancy: an evaluation of fetal growth and preterm birthA Einarson
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Depress Anxiety 27:35-8. 2010..To compare the rates of low birth weight, preterm delivery and small for gestational age (SGA), in pregnancy outcomes among women who were exposed and nonexposed to antidepressants during pregnancy... - The role of acetaldehyde in pregnancy outcome after prenatal alcohol exposureM L Hard
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 23:427-34. 2001..The similar frequencies of high acetaldehyde levels among alcoholics and the rates of ARBD among alcoholic women provide epidemiologic support to the hypothesis that acetaldehyde may play a major role in the cause of ARBD... - The safety of higher than standard dose of doxylamine-pyridoxine (Diclectin) for nausea and vomiting of pregnancyG Atanackovic
Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
J Clin Pharmacol 41:842-5. 2001..If needed, Diclectin can be given at doses higher than 4 tablets/day to normalize for body weight or optimize efficacy... - Critical appraisal of drug therapy for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: II. Efficacy and safety of diclectin (doxylamine-B6)R Bishai
The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Can J Clin Pharmacol 7:138-43. 2000..The present review aims to refute the unsubstantiated beliefs that Diclectin is unsafe when used in the treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy... - Neurodevelopment after in utero amiodarone exposureL A Magee
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
Neurotoxicol Teratol 21:261-5. 1999..There may be neurotoxicity associated with transplacental exposure to amiodarone. Follow-up is warranted, although most mothers were happy with the development of their children... - Solid-phase microextraction for the detection of codeine, morphine and 6-monoacetylmorphine in human hair by gas chromatography-mass spectrometryM Moller
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Forensic Sci Int 196:64-9. 2010.... - Placental P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein: influence of polymorphisms on fetal drug exposure and physiologyJ R Hutson
Insitute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, 1 King s College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
Placenta 31:351-7. 2010.... - Investigating the potential role of multi-drug resistance protein (MRP) transporters in fetal to maternal glyburide efflux in the human placentaC Gedeon
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
J Obstet Gynaecol 28:485-9. 2008..These results pose other ABC transporters, such as likely candidates for the placental transfer of glyburide... - Development of Canadian screening tools for fetal alcohol spectrum disorderY Ingrid Goh
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario
Can J Clin Pharmacol 15:e344-66. 2008..Screening for FASD may facilitate diagnosis and hence management of these children. We present a variety of screening tools for the identification of children at risk for FASD... - Exposure to mirtazapine during pregnancy: a prospective, comparative study of birth outcomesJosephine Djulus
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
J Clin Psychiatry 67:1280-4. 2006..However, the higher number of spontaneous abortions in the antidepressant groups confirms the higher rates of spontaneous abortions in pregnant women taking antidepressant medications found in previous studies... - Determinants of women's decision making on whether to treat nausea and vomiting of pregnancy pharmacologicallyAnne Baggley
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
J Midwifery Womens Health 49:350-4. 2004..Of the women who did use Diclectin, the most convincing reassuring information that it was safe to use came from friends and family. Many other factors play a large role in a women's decision making... - Outcomes of infants exposed to multiple antidepressants during pregnancy: results of a cohort studyA Einarson
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol 18:e390-6. 2011..A single study has been published documenting an increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes following use of more than one antidepressant during pregnancy... - Identifying the behavioural phenotype in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: sensitivity, specificity and screening potentialK Nash
Psychology Department, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Cananda
Arch Womens Ment Health 9:181-6. 2006..This technique may speed up diagnosis and intervention for children without ready access to formal assessments... - Methamphetamine detection in maternal and neonatal hair: implications for fetal safetyF Garcia-Bournissen
G Koren, The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, 8th Floor, Black Wing, Toronto, Canada ON, USA
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 92:F351-5. 2007..Methamphetamine misuse is a serious health problem of epidemic proportions. Use of this drug, particularly during pregnancy, is difficult to ascertain. Sparse information is available on gestational exposure... - A method for meta-analysis of epidemiological studiesT R Einarson
Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON
Drug Intell Clin Pharm 22:813-24. 1988..62-1.45. For case-control studies, the summary odds ratio was 1.27 with a 95 percent confidence interval of 0.83-1.94. The corresponding chi-square values were not statistically significant at the p = 0.05 level... - Topical skin anesthesia for venous, subcutaneous drug reservoir and lumbar punctures in childrenD L Halperin
Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Pediatrics 84:281-4. 1989.... - Pharmacogenetics of neonatal opioid toxicity following maternal use of codeine during breastfeeding: a case-control studyP Madadi
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
Clin Pharmacol Ther 85:31-5. 2009..Breastfed infants of mothers who are CYP2D6 UMs combined with the UGT2B7*2/*2 are at increased risk of potentially life-threatening CNS depression... - An assessment of cortisol analysis in hair and its clinical applicationsR Gow
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
Forensic Sci Int 196:32-7. 2010..This review uses emerging evidence to describe the usefulness of hair analysis for cortisol and discusses the current methods used... - Hair analysis provides a historical record of cortisol levels in Cushing's syndromeS Thomson
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada N6A4V2
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 118:133-8. 2010.... - The role of placental breast cancer resistance protein in the efflux of glyburide across the human placentaE Pollex
The Hospital for Sick Children, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Placenta 29:743-7. 2008..32+/-0.06 (p=0.04). These data indicate that nicardipine partially blocked the transfer of glyburide across the whole placenta through its inhibition of BCRP. This is the first ex vivo evidence that BCRP actively transports glyburide... - Pharmacokinetics of disappearance of cocaine from hair after discontinuation of drug useF Garcia-Bournissen
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada
Forensic Sci Int 189:24-7. 2009..We aimed to evaluate the kinetics of disappearance of cocaine and its metabolite, benzoylecgonine (BE), from hair after discontinuation of drug use... - A novel method for the evaluation of the severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancyG Koren
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology/Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, The CIBC World Market Children's Miracle Foundation Chair in Child Health Research, University of Toronto, ON, Burlington, Canada
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 94:31-6. 2001..Unlike the Rhode's score, this simple method can be used clinically to evaluate the severity and changes in NVP... - Abrupt discontinuation of psychotropic drugs during pregnancy: fear of teratogenic risk and impact of counsellingA Einarson
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto ON 5G 1X8
J Psychiatry Neurosci 26:44-8. 2001..To assess the consequences to mother and baby of abruptly discontinuing antidepressant or benzodiazepine medication during pregnancy and to assess the impact of our counselling... - Child neurodevelopmental outcome and maternal occupational exposure to solventsDionne Laslo-Baker
Motherisk Program and Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 158:956-61. 2004..Reducing exposure in pregnancy is merited until more refined risk assessment is possible. Further studies that address exposure to specific solvents, dose, and gestational timing of exposure are needed... - Reference values for hair cotinine as a biomarker of active and passive smoking in women of reproductive age, pregnant women, children, and neonates: systematic review and meta-analysisAna Florescu
Public Health Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 29:437-46. 2007..These new values should facilitate clinical diagnosis of active and passive exposure to tobacco smoke. Such diagnosis is critical in pregnancy and in a large number of tobacco-induced medical conditions... - Pregnancy outcome of women using atypical antipsychotic drugs: a prospective comparative studyKate McKenna
Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
J Clin Psychiatry 66:444-9; quiz 546. 2005..05), and the rate of therapeutic abortions (p = .003). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that atypical antipsychotics do not appear to be associated with an increased risk for major malformations... - Chronic prenatal ethanol exposure and increased concentration of fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium of term fetal Guinea pigJames F Brien
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 28:345-50. 2006.... - Prenatal exposure to organic solvents and child neurobehavioral performanceC Till
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Neurotoxicol Teratol 23:235-45. 2001..The findings suggest that maternal occupational exposure to organic solvents during pregnancy is associated with poorer outcome in selective aspects of cognitive and neuromotor functioning in offspring... - Risks and benefits of beta-receptor blockers for pregnancy hypertension: overview of the randomized trialsL A Magee
Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont, Canada
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 88:15-26. 2000..Examine the benefits/risks of beta-blockers for pregnancy hypertension... - The effect of heartburn and acid reflux on the severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancySimerpal Kaur Gill
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Can J Gastroenterol 23:270-2. 2009..Heartburn (HB) and acid reflux (RF) in the nonpregnant population can cause nausea and vomiting; therefore, it is plausible that in women with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP), HB/RF may increase the severity of symptoms... - Effects of aspirin consumption during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes: meta-analysisEran Kozer
Department of Paediatrics, The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol 68:70-84. 2003..CONCLUSION: For women with moderate- and high-risk pregnancies, aspirin treatment seemed to have a small but significant effect on reducing the rate of preterm deliveries, but did not reduce the rate of perinatal death... - Diclectin therapy for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: effects of optimal dosingRada Boskovic
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 25:830-3. 2003..1) To quantify rates of suboptimal use of pyridoxine hydrochloride-doxylamine (Diclectin); and (2) to study responses to optimal doses of Diclectin in women previously taking a suboptimal dose... - Prospective comparative study of the safety and effectiveness of ginger for the treatment of nausea and vomiting in pregnancyGalina Portnoi
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
Am J Obstet Gynecol 189:1374-7. 2003..3+/-2.9 SD. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that ginger does not appear to increase the rates of major malformations above the baseline rate of 1% to 3% and that it has a mild effect in the treatment of NVP... - Population baseline of meconium fatty acid ethyl esters among infants of nondrinking women in Jerusalem and TorontoDaphne Chan
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 25:271-8. 2003..4%). The authors conclude that certain FAEE are present at measurable levels in the meconium of neonates not exposed to maternal drinking, and correction is needed to allow high specificity... - Hair analysis of fatty acid ethyl esters in the detection of excessive drinking in the context of fetal alcohol spectrum disordersVivian Kulaga
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 31:261-6. 2009..Our results suggest that FAEE hair analysis may be a powerful tool in detecting excessive alcohol use in the perinatal period... - Pregnancy outcome after first-trimester exposure to metformin: a meta-analysisCameron Gilbert
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Fertil Steril 86:658-63. 2006..Large studies are needed to corroborate these preliminary results... - Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE); comparative accumulation in human and guinea pig hair as a biomarker for prenatal alcohol exposureVivian Kulaga
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Alcohol Alcohol 41:534-9. 2006..Lastly, our findings suggest ethyl oleate may be of keen interest in FAEE hair analysis, particularly across species... - Fetal exposure to isotretinoin-an international problemFacundo Garcia-Bournissen
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Reprod Toxicol 25:124-8. 2008..Isotretinoin is a known teratogen. Pregnancy prevention programs aimed at minimizing isotretinoin exposure in pregnancy have been implemented in North America with limited success... - Fetal exposure to alcohol as evidenced by fatty acid ethyl esters in meconium in the absence of maternal drinking history in pregnancyDaphne Chan
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 26:474-81. 2004..Meconium FAEE are emerging biologic markers that can potentially facilitate earlier diagnosis and intervention for less apparent forms of alcohol-related disabilities that cannot be confirmed in the absence of maternal drinking history... - A pilot study of paternal drug exposure: the Motherisk experienceCandace Y W Lee
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Reprod Toxicol 29:353-60. 2010..Here, we reviewed for the first time our experience with PEx... - Aspirin consumption during the first trimester of pregnancy and congenital anomalies: a meta-analysisEran Kozer
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Onatario, Canada
Am J Obstet Gynecol 187:1623-30. 2002..CONCLUSION: We found no evidence of an overall increase in the risk of congenital malformations that could be associated with aspirin. Aspirin exposure during the first trimester may be associated with an increased risk of gastroschisis... - The teratogenicity of drugs for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: perceived versus true riskGideon Koren
Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology Toxicology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Am J Obstet Gynecol 186:S248-52. 2002..The hierarchical use of medication is based on strength of evidence of fetal safety... - Paroxetine and congenital malformations: meta-Analysis and consideration of potential confounding factorsBenjamin Bar Oz
Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Clin Ther 29:918-26. 2007..Antidepressants have been commonly used by women of childbearing age. Recent studies suggest that paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), might specifically increase teratogenic risk... - Agreement between the fatty acid ethyl ester hair test for alcohol and social workers' reportsVivian Kulaga
The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 32:294-9. 2010..Reported factors directly related to alcohol use were significantly associated with testing positive for excessive alcohol use, whereas factors not directly related to alcohol use were negatively associated with testing positive... - Prenatal exposure to HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors: effects on fetal and neonatal outcomesNobuko Taguchi
The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada
Reprod Toxicol 26:175-7. 2008..However, a recent study based on a series of cases reported to FDA suggests possible teratogenic effects of statins on embryogenesis, such as limb defects and severe central nervous system anomalies... - SSRIs in pregnancy--are they safe?Gideon Koren
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8 Canada
Pediatr Res 51:424-5. 2002 - Prevalence of fetal ethanol exposure in a regional population-based sample by meconium analysis of fatty acid ethyl estersJoey Gareri
Motherisk Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ther Drug Monit 30:239-45. 2008..Meconium FAEE analysis demonstrates a fivefold increase in sensitivity over currently used methods of self-report-based screening in Ontario for the detection of ethanol-exposed pregnancies in a clinical setting... - Does paroxetine cause cardiac malformations?Lisa O'Brien
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Toronto ON
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 30:696-701. 2008..Debate has recently arisen about the safety of paroxetine use in pregnancy, prompted by reports of increased risks for cardiac defects following first trimester exposure... - Safety of glyburide for gestational diabetes: a meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomesMyla E Moretti
Motherisk Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ann Pharmacother 42:483-90. 2008..Recent experimental and clinical studies have suggested, however, that the drug is not detectable in umbilical blood...