M Ptito

..The remaining neurons in the dLGN following hemispherectomy appear to be insufficient in number to be importantly implicated in the residual visual functions that have been reported in some hemispherectomized patients...

..We propose that in blind subjects, there is an unmasking of existing cortico-cortical (parieto-occipital) connections, enabling transfer of somatosensory information to visual cortex...

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..These results also add new evidence that the activity of the occipital lobe in the blind takes its qualitative expression from the character of its new input source, therefore supporting the cortical deference hypothesis...

..Our data further show that the tongue can act as a portal to convey somatosensory information to visual cortex...

..They further support psychophysical results showing that contour and BM cues for motion-defined animal shapes are processed by independent channels...

..Moreover, our data demonstrate that a subgroup of early blind participants is more efficient than controls in conveying visual information through the tongue...

..The complex RDK motion selectivity is consistent with both geniculo-cortical and extra-geniculate thalamo-cortical pathways in residual direction encoding...

..Neither CB1R nor FAAH are found in the retinal glia, the Müller cells. These data indicate that the eCB system is present throughout the primate retina and is ideally positioned to modulate central and peripheral retinal functions...

..We argue that the preservation of the retino-tectal pathway mediates most of the residual visual functions found in the 'blind field' of hemispherectomized human subjects...

..The neural sites that responded to this novel stereoscopic stimulus are similar to those activated by traditional stereograms containing horizontal disparities...

..These data suggest that the superior colliculus retains functional capabilities following hemispherectomy in monkey...

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..Our data suggest that the AEV may be more involved in the analysis of motion of visual patterns in relation to the animal's behavior rather than the analysis of the constituents of the patterns...

..Providing that these same neurons can signal the direction of complex RDKs, there may be distinct cortical mechanisms for processing different types of complex motion...

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..In line with previous studies, the differential activations between sighted and congenitally blind individuals indicate that lack of vision leads to functional rearrangements of these supramodal cortical areas...

..These results suggest that alterations at the level of morphology and anatomy of the M-neurons may lead to behavioural deficits associated with the integrity of the dorsal visual pathway...

..These results suggest that some features of the laminar distribution of specific CaBPs, in primary sensory cortices, are dependent upon or modulated by sensory input...

..The visually responsive neurons in A1 probably account for the capacity of the auditory cortex to mediate visual behavior in 'rewired hamsters'...

..Retinal input to the LP-pulvinar might modulate visual responses driven by primary visual cortex or superior colliculus...

..These results indicate that the dorsal visual pathway is activated by tactile motion stimuli in CB, therefore providing additional support for the cross-modal plasticity hypothesis...

..The upper limb gait impairment and horizontal bar crossing of lesioned subjects are reminiscent of hemiparesis seen in hemisperectomized humans with the young-lesioned subjects showing a greater propensity for recovery...

..Overall these results indicate that, as shown in other structures of the brain, the eCB system could play an instrumental role in the development and function of the retina...

..Because it is certain that no functional striate or extrastriate cortex remains on the ablated side, these subjects have contributed significantly to identifying the critical pathways involved in blindsight...

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..Very low SMI-32 immunoreactivity was found in orbital, insular, perirhinal, cingulate and infralimbic cortices, which are also poor in myelinated axons. This supports the association between SMI-32 immunoreactivity and myelin contents...

..The data also showed that the degree of retinal illumination in this bird could be comparable to that noted in some nocturnal species. The findings in this study suggest that the ostrich might not be restricted to diurnal activity...

..These cytoarchitectonic effects are consistent with the behavioral and cognitive changes observed in FASD...

..They were mostly located in layer V for V1 and in layers III/IV for A1. Visual and auditory primary cortices can thus be differentiated on the basis of their immunoreactivity to specific calcium binding proteins...

..Myelinated axons appear at P11 and are very dense at P-21. Our results indicate that the CSC follows developmental schemes similar to those of the CC and the AC but that initial axon midline crossing occurs earlier...

..The morphological characteristics of the retinal axon terminals in most of the identified novel target sites are described...

..These data show that the perceptual correlate of activity in a given cortical area reflects the characteristics of its novel sensory input source...

..Taken together, these results suggest that the cAMP/PKA cascade is essential for the normal development of retinothalamic projections...

..The exact role of the mammillary bodies (MBs) in human memory remains elusive, since few cases of selective MB damage have been reported...