S D Aaron

Summary

Affiliation: Ottawa Health Research Institute
Country: Canada

Publications

  1. ncbi Characterization of clonal strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis patients in Ontario, Canada
    Trevor Beaudoin
    University of Ottawa, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, ON, Canada
    Can J Microbiol 56:548-57. 2010
  2. ncbi Exaggeration of treatment benefits using the "event-based" number needed to treat
    Shawn D Aaron
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
    CMAJ 179:669-71. 2008
  3. ncbi TNFα antagonists for acute exacerbations of COPD: a randomised double-blind controlled trial
    Shawn D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Thorax 68:142-8. 2013
  4. ncbi Antagonistic interactions peak at intermediate genetic distance in clinical and laboratory strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    Sijmen E Schoustra
    Biology Department, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
    BMC Microbiol 12:40. 2012
  5. ncbi Treatment of Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with cystic fibrosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study
    Shawn D Aaron
    The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    PLoS ONE 7:e36077. 2012
  6. ncbi Time course and pattern of COPD exacerbation onset
    Shawn D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
    Thorax 67:238-43. 2012
  7. ncbi (Correcting) misdiagnoses of asthma: a cost effectiveness analysis
    Smita Pakhale
    University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
    BMC Pulm Med 11:27. 2011
  8. ncbi Physicians' intentions and use of three patient decision aids
    Ian D Graham
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 7:20. 2007
  9. ncbi Antibiotic synergy testing should not be routine for patients with cystic fibrosis who are infected with multiresistant bacterial organisms
    Shawn D Aaron
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Paediatr Respir Rev 8:256-61. 2007
  10. ncbi Should we avoid beta-agonists for moderate and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? NO
    Shawn D Aaron
    The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario
    Can Fam Physician 53:1290-2, 1294-7. 2007

Detail Information

Publications56

  1. ncbi Characterization of clonal strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis patients in Ontario, Canada
    Trevor Beaudoin
    University of Ottawa, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, ON, Canada
    Can J Microbiol 56:548-57. 2010
    ..aeruginosa isolated from CF patients in Ontario, Canada, show a multidrug resistance pattern that can be partially explained as being due to the increased expression of common antibiotic efflux systems...
  2. ncbi Exaggeration of treatment benefits using the "event-based" number needed to treat
    Shawn D Aaron
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
    CMAJ 179:669-71. 2008
  3. ncbi TNFα antagonists for acute exacerbations of COPD: a randomised double-blind controlled trial
    Shawn D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Thorax 68:142-8. 2013
    ....
  4. ncbi Antagonistic interactions peak at intermediate genetic distance in clinical and laboratory strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    Sijmen E Schoustra
    Biology Department, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
    BMC Microbiol 12:40. 2012
    ..The strength of antagonism is therefore expected to peak at intermediate genetic distance...
  5. ncbi Treatment of Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with cystic fibrosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study
    Shawn D Aaron
    The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    PLoS ONE 7:e36077. 2012
    ..The objective of this study was to determine whether treatment directed against Aspergillus fumigatus improves pulmonary function and clinical outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF)...
  6. ncbi Time course and pattern of COPD exacerbation onset
    Shawn D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
    Thorax 67:238-43. 2012
    ..The natural history and time course of the onset of exacerbation events of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is incompletely understood...
  7. ncbi (Correcting) misdiagnoses of asthma: a cost effectiveness analysis
    Smita Pakhale
    University of Ottawa, and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
    BMC Pulm Med 11:27. 2011
    ..Objective: to determine whether a secondary-screening-program to establish a correct diagnosis of asthma in those who report a physician diagnosis of asthma is cost effective...
  8. ncbi Physicians' intentions and use of three patient decision aids
    Ian D Graham
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 7:20. 2007
    ..The purpose of this study was to describe physicians' perceptions of three decision aids, their expressed intent to use them, and their subsequent use of them...
  9. ncbi Antibiotic synergy testing should not be routine for patients with cystic fibrosis who are infected with multiresistant bacterial organisms
    Shawn D Aaron
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Paediatr Respir Rev 8:256-61. 2007
    ..The adoption of antibiotic synergy testing as routine practice for patients with CF would be costly and would not be justified as there is insufficient evidence to suggest that the routine use of these tests improves clinical outcomes...
  10. ncbi Should we avoid beta-agonists for moderate and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? NO
    Shawn D Aaron
    The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario
    Can Fam Physician 53:1290-2, 1294-7. 2007
  11. ncbi Multi analyte profiling and variability of inflammatory markers in blood and induced sputum in patients with stable COPD
    Shawn D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    Respir Res 11:41. 2010
    ..The objective was to determine which proteins could be used as reliable biomarkers to assess COPD disease state and severity...
  12. ncbi Counting, analysing and reporting exacerbations of COPD in randomised controlled trials
    S D Aaron
    The Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
    Thorax 63:122-8. 2008
    ..A study was undertaken to determine if different methods for ascertaining and analysing COPD exacerbations lead to biased estimates of treatment effects...
  13. ncbi A threshold regression model for recurrent exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    S D Aaron
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    J Clin Epidemiol 63:1324-31. 2010
    ..A successful model will provide a suitable statistical structure for analysis of the effects of medical interventions on a patient's health status, and, possibly, offer new insights into the underlying disease process...
  14. ncbi Infection with transmissible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and clinical outcomes in adults with cystic fibrosis
    Shawn D Aaron
    Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8L6
    JAMA 304:2145-53. 2010
    ..Studies from Australia and the United Kingdom have shown that some patients with cystic fibrosis are infected with common transmissible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa...
  15. ncbi Overdiagnosis of asthma in obese and nonobese adults
    Shawn D Aaron
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont, USA
    CMAJ 179:1121-31. 2008
    ..It is unclear whether asthma is overdiagnosed in developed countries, particularly among obese individuals, who may be more likely than nonobese people to experience dyspnea...
  16. ncbi Persistency of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sputum cultures and clinical outcomes in adult patients with cystic fibrosis
    A Burkett
    The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 31:1603-10. 2012
    ..No clinical benefit was identified in patients who cleared PA from sputum compared to those who remained persistently infected...
  17. ncbi The role of ipratropium bromide in the emergency management of acute asthma exacerbation: a metaanalysis of randomized clinical trials
    R G Stoodley
    Department of Pharmacy, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, and the Department of Medicine, Ottawa General Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Ann Emerg Med 34:8-18. 1999
    ..This study was conducted to determine whether the addition of inhaled ipratropium to inhaled beta-agonist therapy is effective in the treatment of adults with acute asthma exacerbation...
  18. ncbi Combination antibiotic susceptibility of biofilm-grown Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis
    L Dales
    The Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 28:1275-9. 2009
    ..Bacterial biofilms of CF organisms are highly resistant to antibiotics. This study identified potentially effective antibiotic combinations to guide the empirical treatment of CF pulmonary exacerbations...
  19. ncbi Multiple combination bactericidal antibiotic testing for patients with cystic fibrosis infected with Burkholderia cepacia
    S D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Ottawa, Canada
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 161:1206-12. 2000
    ..cepacia in vitro. MCBT testing is a useful technique to help clinicians decide on appropriate nonantagonistic combination antibiotic therapy for patients with CF infected with B. cepacia...
  20. ncbi Single and combination antibiotic susceptibilities of planktonic, adherent, and biofilm-grown Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates cultured from sputa of adults with cystic fibrosis
    Shawn D Aaron
    Departments of Medicine, The Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    J Clin Microbiol 40:4172-9. 2002
    ..005). We conclude that biofilm-grown bacteria derived from patients with CF show decreased susceptibility to the bactericidal effects of antibiotic combinations than do adherent and planktonically grown bacteria...
  21. ncbi Comparison of three typing methods for Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis
    V Waters
    Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
    Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 31:3341-50. 2012
    ..aeruginosa isolates from CF patients. MLST had the greatest predictive value in identifying strains as unique and, thus, has the potential to be a cost-efficient, high-throughput, first-pass typing method...
  22. ncbi Physiological changes during symptom recovery from moderate exacerbations of COPD
    C M Parker
    102 Stuart Street, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
    Eur Respir J 26:420-8. 2005
    ..Improvement of dyspnoea following acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was associated with reduction in lung hyperinflation and consequent increase in expiratory flow rates...
  23. ncbi Predictors of pulmonary exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis infected with multi-resistant bacteria
    J K Block
    Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Mailbox 211, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6
    Thorax 61:969-74. 2006
    ..It is hoped that knowledge of these risk factors will allow better identification and closer monitoring of patients who are at high risk of exacerbations...
  24. ncbi A retrospective analysis of biofilm antibiotic susceptibility testing: a better predictor of clinical response in cystic fibrosis exacerbations
    Tara Keays
    The Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
    J Cyst Fibros 8:122-7. 2009
    ..This study assessed whether CF patients infected with multiresistant organisms had improved clinical outcomes if given antibiotics that inhibited their biofilm-grown bacteria...
  25. ncbi Effect of weight reduction on respiratory function and airway reactivity in obese women
    Shawn D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    Chest 125:2046-52. 2004
    ..Population-based studies have documented an association between obesity and an increased prevalence of asthma in women...
  26. ncbi How accurate is spirometry at predicting restrictive pulmonary impairment?
    S D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, Ottawa General Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Chest 115:869-73. 1999
    ..To determine the accuracy with which spirometric measurements of FVC and expiratory flow rates can diagnose the presence of a restrictive impairment...
  27. ncbi Confirmation of asthma in an era of overdiagnosis
    V P Luks
    University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    Eur Respir J 36:255-60. 2010
    ..For the majority with a previous physician diagnosis of asthma, only pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry and a single methacholine challenge test are required in order to confirm asthma...
  28. ncbi Combination antibiotic susceptibility testing to treat exacerbations of cystic fibrosis associated with multiresistant bacteria: a randomised, double-blind, controlled clinical trial
    Shawn D Aaron
    The Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    Lancet 366:463-71. 2005
    ....
  29. ncbi Adult cystic fibrosis exacerbations and new strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    Shawn D Aaron
    Department of Medicine and Peditrics Univeristy of Ottawa Otawa, Ontario, Canada
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 169:811-5. 2004
    ..We conclude that for the majority of adult patients with cystic fibrosis a new pulmonary exacerbation is not caused by the acquisition of a new strain of P. aeruginosa...
  30. ncbi Epidemiological investigation and glycotyping of clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis by mass spectrometry: association with multiple drug resistance
    Eleonora Altman
    Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    J Microbiol Methods 76:204-8. 2009
    ..We screened P. aeruginosa isolates for lipopolysaccharide structure and presence/absence of alginate and correlated these findings with antibiotic resistance patterns...
  31. ncbi Feasibility of a structured 3-minute walk test as a clinical decision tool for patients presenting to the emergency department with acute dyspnoea
    A M Pan
    Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Ottawa Health Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
    Emerg Med J 26:278-82. 2009
    ..It also aimed to gather evidence and directions for the design of a multicentre study to derive clinical guidelines...
  32. ncbi Granulocyte inflammatory markers and airway infection during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    S D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 163:349-55. 2001
    ....
  33. ncbi The use of ipratropium bromide for the management of acute asthma exacerbation in adults and children: a systematic review
    S D Aaron
    The Ottawa Hospital and The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    J Asthma 38:521-30. 2001
    ....
  34. ncbi Sputum versus bronchoscopy for diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in cystic fibrosis
    S D Aaron
    Deptartment of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Box 211, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1H 8L6
    Eur Respir J 24:631-7. 2004
    ..In conclusion, sputum collection provides as much information as bronchoscopy for characterising the genotype and antibiotic susceptibility of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with stable cystic fibrosis...
  35. ncbi A spirometry-based algorithm to direct lung function testing in the pulmonary function laboratory
    Christine A Glady
    Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    Chest 123:1939-46. 2003
    ..CONCLUSIONS: A spirometry-based algorithm accurately excludes pulmonary restriction and reduces unnecessary lung volume testing in the PFT laboratory almost in half...
  36. ncbi A comparison of obese and nonobese people with asthma: exploring an asthma-obesity interaction
    Smita Pakhale
    MSc, The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
    Chest 137:1316-23. 2010
    ....
  37. ncbi Development of a decision aid for adult cystic fibrosis patients considering referral for lung transplantation
    Katherine L Vandemheen
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Prog Transplant 20:81-7. 2010
    ..Most adults with cystic fibrosis are eventually required to make a decision about referral for lung transplantation...
  38. ncbi Multiple combination bactericidal testing of staphylococcal biofilms from implant-associated infections
    Raphael Saginur
    Department of Medicine, CPC 470, The Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50:55-61. 2006
    ..Other frequently effective antimicrobials were vancomycin and fusidic acid. Susceptibility testing involving biofilm-associated bacteria suggests new options for combination antibiotic therapy...
  39. ncbi Post-randomisation exclusions: the intention to treat principle and excluding patients from analysis
    Dean Fergusson
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Box 201, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8L6
    BMJ 325:652-4. 2002
  40. ncbi Tiotropium in combination with placebo, salmeterol, or fluticasone-salmeterol for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized trial
    Shawn D Aaron
    The Ottawa Health Research Institute and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Ann Intern Med 146:545-55. 2007
    ..Treatment of moderate or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with combinations of inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting beta-agonists, and long-acting anticholinergic bronchodilators is common but unstudied...
  41. ncbi Spirometry in the primary care setting: influence on clinical diagnosis and management of airflow obstruction
    Robert E Dales
    Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    Chest 128:2443-7. 2005
    ..To determine if screening spirometry in the primary care setting influences the physician's diagnosis and management of obstructive lung disease...
  42. ncbi Infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria and pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis
    Melissa St Denis
    The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, 501 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON, Canada
    Chest 131:1188-96. 2007
    ..Our objective was to determine whether pulmonary exacerbations of CF are associated with acquisition of new B cepacia strains or with B cepacia strain replacement...
  43. ncbi The prevalence of airflow obstruction in rural primary care
    Robert E Dales
    Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Clinical Epidemiololgy Unit, Ottawa Health Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6
    Respir Med 100:754-9. 2006
    ..We conclude that airflow obstruction is common in rural primary care practice and cannot be accurately predicted by symptoms. It is undiagnosed half of the time, and often not treated even when symptomatic...
  44. ncbi Sex differences in the clinical presentation and management of airflow obstruction
    R E Dales
    Dept of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
    Eur Respir J 28:319-22. 2006
    ..9%, respectively). In conclusion, the current results suggest that females are more likely than males to report breathlessness and be prescribed respiratory medications independent of differences in the severity of airflow obstruction...
  45. ncbi Multiple combination antibiotic susceptibility testing of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilms
    Robert Slinger
    Department of Pediatrics, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L1
    Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 56:247-53. 2006
    ..Biofilm testing reveals differences in effectiveness among antibiotics not apparent from conventional susceptibility testing, and suggests novel antibiotic regimens that could be studied for treatment of OME...
  46. ncbi The Canadian Optimal Therapy of COPD Trial: design, organization and patient recruitment
    Shawn D Aaron
    The Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
    Can Respir J 11:581-5. 2004
    ....
  47. ncbi Approach to resistant gram-negative bacterial pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis
    Robert N Chernish
    Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Curr Opin Pulm Med 9:509-15. 2003
    ..Future novel approaches will likely include drugs that can disrupt bacterial biofilm formation and the use of cationic peptide antimicrobial compounds...
  48. ncbi Evaluation of a decision aid for making choices about intubation and mechanical ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Keith G Wilson
    The Rehabilitation Centre, Ottawa, Ont, Canada K1H 8M2
    Patient Educ Couns 57:88-95. 2005
    ..These findings indicate that a decision aid for MV helps patients plan for life-threatening exacerbations, and may be a useful adjunct to counseling for some patients with severe COPD...
  49. ncbi Outpatient oral prednisone after emergency treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    Shawn D Aaron
    Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont, Canada
    N Engl J Med 348:2618-25. 2003
    ..In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we studied the effectiveness of prednisone in reducing the risk of relapse after outpatient exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)...
  50. ncbi Measurement of short-term changes in dyspnea and disease-specific quality of life following an acute COPD exacerbation
    Shawn D Aaron
    The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
    Chest 121:688-96. 2002
    ..To determine whether currently available measurement tools can be used to obtain valid measurements of short-term changes in dyspnea and disease-specific quality of life (QOL) in outpatients with an acute COPD exacerbation...
  51. ncbi Randomized trial of a decision aid for patients with cystic fibrosis considering lung transplantation
    Katherine L Vandemheen
    Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 180:761-8. 2009
    ..We developed an evidence-based decision aid for patients with advanced cystic fibrosis considering referral for lung transplantation...
  52. ncbi Exacerbation frequency and clinical outcomes in adult patients with cystic fibrosis
    Kaïssa de Boer
    The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
    Thorax 66:680-5. 2011
    ..The aim of this study was to determine if frequent pulmonary exacerbations are associated with greater declines in lung function, or an accelerated time to death or lung transplantation in adults with CF...
  53. ncbi Rebuttal: should we avoid beta-agonists for moderate and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? No
    Shawn D Aaron
    Can Fam Physician 53:1429-30, 1432. 2007
  54. ncbi Pseudomonas aeruginosa and cystic fibrosis--a nasty bug gets nastier
    Shawn D Aaron
    Respiration 73:16-7. 2006
  55. ncbi Antibiotic susceptabilities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates derived from patients with cystic fibrosis under aerobic, anaerobic, and biofilm conditions
    Dominic Hill
    Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
    J Clin Microbiol 43:5085-90. 2005
    ..The findings of this study illustrate that antibiotic sensitivities are dependent on culture conditions and highlight the complexities of choosing appropriate combination therapy for multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa in the CF lung...
  56. ncbi Avoiding mistakes in calculating the number needed to treat in severe COPD
    Shawn D Aaron
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med 175:1347; author reply 1347-8. 2007