David G Behm

..The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of an acute bout of lower limb static stretching on balance, proprioception, reaction, and movement time...

..Sports that necessitate a high degree of static flexibility should use short duration static stretches with lower intensity stretches in a trained population to minimize the possibilities of impairments...

..This is the first study to correlate throwing velocity with a unilateral jump in the frontal plane, mimicking the action of the throwing stride...

..DS provided similar improvements in sit and reach scores as SS. DS is recommended as the most appropriate stretching routine prior to work or athletic performance for younger and middle-aged men...

....

..An acute bout of maximal or submaximal intensity stretching can impair a variety of jumping styles and based on previous research, it is hypothesized that changes in muscle compliance may play a role...

..e., muscular strength, endurance, power, balance, and co-ordination) and health benefits...

..Running can be considered as an efficient, multifunctional exercise combining cardiovascular and trunk endurance benefits...

..Based on the relatively high proportion of type I fibers, the core musculature might respond well to multiple sets with high repetitions (e.g., >15 per set); however, a particular sport may necessitate fewer repetitions...

....

..e., low amplitude plyometrics) may not be an important factor. Electromyographic activities illustrated the very high activation levels associated with maximum skating speed...

..0%), PF (5.0%), and DF (1.3%). Although the higher RFD may suggest a higher percentage of type II fibers in the quadriceps, their higher threshold of recruitment leads to greater difficulty in fully activating the quadriceps...

..Results suggest that voluntary and evoked contractions respond differently to prior 10-second MVCs. In the present study, a warm-up routine of 1-3 MVCs of a 10-second duration did not enhance subsequent voluntary performance...

..Greater levels of activation may be necessary to cope with the stabilization necessary for bilateral and multi-articular contractions...

..Performing squats on unstable surfaces may permit a training adaptation of the trunk muscles responsible for supporting the spinal column (i.e., erector spinae) as well as the muscles most responsible for maintaining posture (i.e., SOL)...

..The diminished force output suggests that the overload stresses required for strength training necessitate the inclusion of resistance training on stable surfaces...

..Because rapid and slow SSC exercises induce similar fatigue patterns, training programs incorporating rapid SSC exercises can be developed similar to that prescribed in traditional slow SSC resistance training programs...

....

..0001). The technique used for the CSEP Health and Fitness program partial curl- or sit-up test produced the highest or equal activation levels for all abdominal muscle sites...

....

..The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether ballistic intent is as effective as ballistic movement in improving muscle activation, force, movement time, and reaction time...

..Furthermore, trunk strengthening can also occur when performing resistance exercises for the limbs, if the exercises are performed unilaterally...

..Individuals performing upright, resisted, dynamic exercises can achieve high trunk muscle activation and thus may not need to add instability device exercises to augment core stability training...

..This may be especially important for athletes who substitute later into a game with minimal time for a full warm-up...

..Swiss balls may permit a strength training adaptation of the limbs, if instability is moderate, allowing the production of overload forces...

..It appears that instability resistance training, which reportedly uses lower forces, can increase strength and balance in previously untrained young individuals similar to training with more stable machines employing heavier loads...

..Musculotendinous massage may be used as an alternative or a complement to static stretching for increasing ROM...

..Therefore, a comprehensive review of the literature in this area may possibly be of benefit to practitioners who deal with the general population, athletes or persons debilitated by balance and/or stability disabilities...

..Since highly trained individuals may already possess enhanced stability from the use of dynamic free weights, a greater degree of instability may be necessary...

..As bilateral hurdle jumps with a height between 100 and 140% of the CMJ provide similar CTs and VGRF as many reported sprint or jump actions, they may be considered a more training-specific power training drill than the CMJ...

..In conclusion, whereas 5RM did not produce greater muscle inactivation, twitch contractile properties were affected to a greater degree by a higher number of RM...

..Force output and back EMG activity are less reliable with LBP individuals and should be taken into consideration when testing...

..While there may be some evidence of intrinsic motoneuronal fatigue, inhibitory afferent influences from chemical, tensile, pressure, and other factors play an important role in the competing influences on force output...

..In conclusion, an acute bout of SMR of the quadriceps was an effective treatment to acutely enhance knee joint ROM without a concomitant deficit in muscle performance...

..Furthermore, evoked contractile properties were generally higher 1 min after hypothermic fatigue. We conclude that the hypothermic condition slows the recovery of potentiated evoked contractile properties back to baseline values...