S S Anand

..We studied the relationship between social disadvantage, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among men and women from diverse ethno-racial backgrounds...

..Possible solutions and future directions to reduce the impact of social factors on cardiovascular health are proposed...

..The South Asian Birth Cohort Study (START) will investigate the environmental and genetic basis of adiposity among 750 South Asian offspring recruited from highly divergent environments, namely, rural and urban India and urban Canada...

..The nature and influence of contextual factors on Aboriginal health behaviours are not well characterized...

..In an international prospective cohort study we assessed the relationship between glucose levels and incident cardiovascular events and death...

..We therefore tested the association of BRCA2 variants with clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD)...

..The objective of this pilot study was to compare diet, physical activity, and the built environment in two Hamilton area elementary schools serving socio-economically different communities...

..The objective of this study is to examine whether this association extends to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and applies in non-Caucasian samples...

..The objective of this study is to examine the APOC3 -455T>C and the INSIG2 rs7566605 polymorphisms as potential genetic determinants for MetS in a multi-ethnic sample...

..The objective of this review is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of an ankle-brachial index <0.90 to predict future cardiovascular events, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and death...

..The purpose of this report is to determine if differences in risk factor distributions exist between women and men across various age categories to help explain why women develop acute MI later than men...

..Therefore, it is unclear whether there is an association between recurrent CV events and low APTT values and between bleeding and high APTT values...

..Small increases in the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) are predictive of vascular events among asymptomatic individuals. There are few data supporting the use of CRP as a risk marker among nonwhite individuals...

..In this brief review, the advantage of studying gene-environment interactions across heterogeneous groups with diverse lifestyles is discussed...

..The purpose of this research was to determine if sex and gender differences in the management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are associated with differences in prognosis after ACS...

..To establish the relative prevalence of risk factors, atherosclerosis, and CVD, we undertook a population-based study among people of Aboriginal and European ancestry in Canada...

..Low-intensity oral anticoagulation (INR <2) in the presence of aspirin does not reduce CV complications and increases bleeding compared with aspirin alone...

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..The relationship and roles among the steering committee, the Data Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB), and the sponsor of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) must be carefully defined to ensure the integrity of the trial...

..We sought to determine if differences in the distribution and characteristics of adipose tissue between South Asians and white Caucasians account for differences in risk factors for cardiovascular disease...

..Antiplatelet drugs reduce this risk, but the role of oral anticoagulant agents in the prevention of cardiovascular complications in patients with peripheral arterial disease is unclear...

..Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of death globally, but specific genetic variants that influence MI and MI risk factors have not been assessed on a global basis...

..associated with acceptable recurrence and safety outcomes? Is anticoagulant therapy for 3 months duration for proximal deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) associated with acceptable recurrence and safety outcomes?..

..Obesity is a major public health problem in North America, particularly in Aboriginal people...

..The relationship between the conventional and emerging risk factors, and atherosclerosis, vascular disease and markers of end-organ damage will be evaluated between and within ethnic groups...

..To establish whether this variation can be explained by differences in disease risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis, we undertook a population-based study of three ethnic groups in Canada: South Asians, Chinese, and Europeans...

..We studied the effects of long-term warfarin at 2 intensities in patients with AIS without ST elevation in 2 consecutive randomized controlled studies...

..Interventions to prevent atherosclerosis progression and improve fibrinolytic function require evaluation in this high-risk group...

..It is unknown whether these cut points are appropriate for non-European populations. We assessed the metabolic risk associated with BMI among South Asians, Chinese, Aboriginals, and Europeans...

..Despite years of use in coronary artery disease (CAD) and several studies of its effectiveness, the role of oral anticoagulants (OAs) remains controversial...

..Our objective was to determine if the high risk of cardiovascular disease in women with pre-eclampsia is accounted for by known cardiovascular risk factors including albuminuria...

..The findings indicate the potential utility of the Illumina CVD beadchip, but they underscore the need to consider meta-analysis of results from commonly studied clinical or epidemiological samples...

..We also explored variation in anthropometric associations by sex and ethnicity...

..The excess of major bleeding in hirudin-treated patients who develop thrombocytopenia suggests that thrombocytopenia may contribute to the increased risk of bleeding observed with hirudin...

..The presence of an association between early subtherapeutic activated partial thromboplastin times (aPTTs) and recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains controversial...

..To determine sex/gender differences in the distribution of risk factors according to age and identify factors associated with the presence of severe coronary artery disease (CAD)...

..Given the scarcity of data on the preventive practice patterns of this high risk patient group, the in-hospital management of patients admitted to hospital for a peripheral vascular intervention was reviewed...

..Current clinical trial evidence favors the use of aspirin or clopidogrel as first-line agents for the majority of patients with vascular disease. Clinical trials evaluating combination antiplatelet therapies will direct future practice...

..We examined the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphism, its association with lipid traits and atherosclerosis, and its influence on ethnic variations on lipid traits...

..This study examines the risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI) conferred by the metabolic syndrome (MS) and its individual factors in multiple ethnic populations...

..Intake of saturated fat, trans fat, and alcohol alter cardiovascular disease risk, but their effect on subclinical atherosclerosis remains understudied...

..0 to 3.0) should be considered an option for the prevention of recurrent CAD, particularly in high-risk patients...

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..They viewed themselves as passive participants and not as actively consenting to the CATH. This paper offers previously undocumented insights from patients regarding CATH and provides the basis for developing future investigations...

..The purpose of this study was to identify reproductive risk factors associated with dysglycemia (diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and impaired fasting glucose) in a contemporary multiethnic population...

..The aim of this study was to examine the influence of adherence to behavioral recommendations in the short term on risk of cardiovascular events...

..Genomic analysis of LPA, including both single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and kringle IV type 2 (KIV-2) copy number, has yet to be performed...

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..The use of multiple antithrombotic drugs and aggressive invasive strategies has increased the risk of major bleeding in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. It is not known to what extent bleeding determines clinical outcome...

..We aimed to assess whether markers of obesity, especially waist-to-hip ratio, would be stronger indicators of myocardial infarction than body-mass index (BMI), the conventional measure...

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..To investigate ethnic differences in adiponectin and leptin concentration and to determine whether these adipokines and a high-glycemic index diet account for ethnic variation in insulin resistance...

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..The protein products of 2 of these loci, hyaluronan binding protein 2 (HABP2) and hyaluronoglucosaminidase 1 (HYAL1), play key roles in hyaluronan metabolism, providing genetic evidence to link these pathways...

..CONCLUSIONS: Although C-reactive protein, lipoprotein(a), fibrinogen, and homocysteine are associated with vascular disease risk, their optimal use in routine screening and risk stratification remains to be determined...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the terms and justifications for and the meanings of psychosocial patient characteristics used in cardiac procedure guidelines...

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..Given the increasing use of OAC in patients with cardiovascular disease, the relative benefits and risks of this therapy must be weighed carefully...

..Substituting a modest amount of protein for carbohydrate may reduce abdominal obesity in a diverse multi-ethnic population. Smoking was positively related to abdominal obesity after accounting for BMI...

..Women with acute coronary syndromes have lower rates of cardiac catheterization (CC) than men...

..This systematic review evaluates the safety and efficacy of oral anticoagulation compared with control and antiplatelet therapy...

..To review the validity of the clinical assessment and diagnostic tests in patients with suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT)...

..Physicians typically depend on the clinical examination to identify patients who need further diagnostic testing...

..Ethnic differences in serum lipids are not explained by genetics, central adiposity, lifestyle, or diet, possibly because dietary carbohydrate has not been considered...

..1% of affected individuals and 15.3% of controls (P = 2.6 x 10(-5)). Considering rare variants in these genes incrementally increased the proportion of genetic variation contributing to HTG...

..To control elevated glucose levels (when there is failure of lifestyle modification), medications such as metformin, thiazolidinedione derivatives and alpha glucosidase inhibitors may be used...

..Although a wealth of literature links dietary factors and coronary heart disease (CHD), the strength of the evidence supporting valid associations has not been evaluated systematically in a single investigation...

..However, sex/gender-based SGA have the potential to be misleading if their results are overinterpreted and may incorrectly influence medical management...

..Lower correlations for dietary fats among Chinese persons (0.17 to 0.31) may be improved with more direct questions on the FFQ regarding brand, type, and amount of oil consumed in stirfry servings...

..Few studies have evaluated the associations of plasma homocysteine concentration, the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype and B vitamin concentration with intima media thickness (IMT) in multiethnic populations...

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..Using an independent validation sample of 806 individuals, we confirm the EDN1 association (P<.005), whereas the LCAT association was nonsignificant (P=.12)...

..Despite the higher incidence of cardiovascular disease in the South Asian population, our results indicate that the in-hospital case-fatality rate for MI is the same for South Asian and non-South Asian Canadians...

..As a result of their high baseline risk and the proven effectiveness of these interventions, most patients with PAD will benefit substantially from aggressive medical therapy...