J S Mogil

Summary

Affiliation: McGill University
Country: Canada

Publications

  1. ncbi The case for the inclusion of female subjects in basic science studies of pain
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    Pain 117:1-5. 2005
  2. ncbi Screening for pain phenotypes: analysis of three congenic mouse strains on a battery of nine nociceptive assays
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Que, Canada
    Pain 126:24-34. 2006
  3. ncbi Pain research from 1975 to 2007: a categorical and bibliometric meta-trend analysis of every Research Paper published in the journal, Pain
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, Que, Canada H3A 1B1
    Pain 142:48-58. 2009
  4. ncbi Sex differences in pain and pain inhibition: multiple explanations of a controversial phenomenon
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and the Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
    Nat Rev Neurosci 13:859-66. 2012
  5. ncbi Pain genetics: past, present and future
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
    Trends Genet 28:258-66. 2012
  6. ncbi The surprising empathic abilities of rodents
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
    Trends Cogn Sci 16:143-4. 2012
  7. ncbi The Rat Grimace Scale: a partially automated method for quantifying pain in the laboratory rat via facial expressions
    Susana G Sotocinal
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
    Mol Pain 7:55. 2011
  8. ncbi Expression genetics identifies spinal mechanisms supporting formalin late phase behaviors
    Xiangqi Li
    Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
    Mol Pain 6:11. 2010
  9. ncbi Animal models of pain: progress and challenges
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Nat Rev Neurosci 10:283-94. 2009
  10. ncbi What should we be measuring in behavioral studies of chronic pain in animals?
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, Que, Canada H3A 1B1
    Pain 112:12-5. 2004

Detail Information

Publications59

  1. ncbi The case for the inclusion of female subjects in basic science studies of pain
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    Pain 117:1-5. 2005
  2. ncbi Screening for pain phenotypes: analysis of three congenic mouse strains on a battery of nine nociceptive assays
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Que, Canada
    Pain 126:24-34. 2006
    ....
  3. ncbi Pain research from 1975 to 2007: a categorical and bibliometric meta-trend analysis of every Research Paper published in the journal, Pain
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, Que, Canada H3A 1B1
    Pain 142:48-58. 2009
    ..Together, the data allow an examination of 32-year trends in pain research, and comprise a data compendium fully searchable or sortable by any interested individual...
  4. ncbi Sex differences in pain and pain inhibition: multiple explanations of a controversial phenomenon
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and the Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
    Nat Rev Neurosci 13:859-66. 2012
    ..Various explanations for this phenomenon have been given, ranging from experiential and sociocultural differences in pain experience between men and women to hormonally and genetically driven sex differences in brain neurochemistry...
  5. ncbi Pain genetics: past, present and future
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
    Trends Genet 28:258-66. 2012
    ..Success in this endeavor will hopefully lead to both better management of pain using currently available therapies and the development and/or prioritizing of new ones...
  6. ncbi The surprising empathic abilities of rodents
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
    Trends Cogn Sci 16:143-4. 2012
    ..By demonstrating empathy-based helping behavior in rats, a recently published study has provided clear-cut evidence that pro-social behaviors are not limited to humans...
  7. ncbi The Rat Grimace Scale: a partially automated method for quantifying pain in the laboratory rat via facial expressions
    Susana G Sotocinal
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
    Mol Pain 7:55. 2011
    ....
  8. ncbi Expression genetics identifies spinal mechanisms supporting formalin late phase behaviors
    Xiangqi Li
    Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
    Mol Pain 6:11. 2010
    ..By using correlative analysis between spinal gene expression and mouse strain-dependent intensity of late phase behavior, we hypothesized genes participating in variability of the response could be identified...
  9. ncbi Animal models of pain: progress and challenges
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Nat Rev Neurosci 10:283-94. 2009
    ..In addition, pain studies are importantly affected by a wide range of modulatory factors, including sex, genotype and social communication, all of which must be taken into account when using an animal model...
  10. ncbi What should we be measuring in behavioral studies of chronic pain in animals?
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, Que, Canada H3A 1B1
    Pain 112:12-5. 2004
  11. ncbi Hypolocomotion, asymmetrically directed behaviors (licking, lifting, flinching, and shaking) and dynamic weight bearing (gait) changes are not measures of neuropathic pain in mice
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1 Canada
    Mol Pain 6:34. 2010
    ..e., gait) using the CatWalk system...
  12. ncbi Melanocortin-1 receptor gene variants affect pain and mu-opioid analgesia in mice and humans
    J S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    J Med Genet 42:583-7. 2005
    ..It is unclear whether this gene affects basal pain sensitivity or the efficacy of analgesics acting at the more clinically relevant mu-opioid receptor...
  13. ncbi Pain sensitivity and vasopressin analgesia are mediated by a gene-sex-environment interaction
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Nat Neurosci 14:1569-73. 2011
    ....
  14. ncbi Sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
    Prog Brain Res 186:141-57. 2010
    ..Although not yet able to affect clinical practice, the continued study of sex differences in pain may have important implications for the development of new analgesic strategies...
  15. ncbi The necessity of animal models in pain research
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1B1
    Pain 151:12-7. 2010
    ....
  16. ncbi The melanocortin-1 receptor gene mediates female-specific mechanisms of analgesia in mice and humans
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1B1
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:4867-72. 2003
    ....
  17. ncbi Quantitative trait locus and computational mapping identifies Kcnj9 (GIRK3) as a candidate gene affecting analgesia from multiple drug classes
    Shad B Smith
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    Pharmacogenet Genomics 18:231-41. 2008
    ..Interindividual differences in analgesic drug response complicate the clinical management of pain. We aimed to identify genetic factors responsible for variable sensitivity to analgesic drugs of disparate neurochemical classes...
  18. ncbi Positional cloning of a quantitative trait locus contributing to pain sensitivity: possible mediation by Tyrp1
    A Fortin
    Emerillon Therapeutics Inc, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Genes Brain Behav 9:856-67. 2010
    ..The positional cloning of Tpnr5 is also considered in light of the heuristic value but continuing challenges of QTL mapping in the mouse...
  19. ncbi Variable sensitivity to noxious heat is mediated by differential expression of the CGRP gene
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1B1
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102:12938-43. 2005
    ..Linkage mapping supports the contention that the genetic variant determining variable heat pain sensitivity across mouse strains affects the expression of the Calca gene that codes for CGRPalpha...
  20. ncbi Serotonin-GABA interactions in the modulation of mu- and kappa-opioid analgesia
    K V S Nemmani
    Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, QC, Montreal, Canada H3A 1B1
    Neuropharmacology 44:304-10. 2003
    ..The intimate interactions between GABA and serotonin in the present study further suggest that these neurotransmitters work in complex ways together rather than alone in the modulation of opioid analgesia...
  21. ncbi Social modulation of pain as evidence for empathy in mice
    Dale J Langford
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
    Science 312:1967-70. 2006
    ..Finally, observation of a cagemate in pain altered pain sensitivity of an entirely different modality, suggesting that nociceptive mechanisms in general are sensitized...
  22. ncbi Expression of CCR2 in both resident and bone marrow-derived microglia plays a critical role in neuropathic pain
    Ji Zhang
    Unite de Neurobiologie Cellulaire, Centre de Recherche Universite Laval Robert Giffard, Quebec, Quebec, Canada G1J 2G3
    J Neurosci 27:12396-406. 2007
    ....
  23. ncbi Experimentally induced mood changes preferentially affect pain unpleasantness
    Marco L Loggia
    The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    J Pain 9:784-91. 2008
    ..This finding could potentially help health professionals to treat pain symptoms in patients with altered mood, suggesting methods of pain management aimed at easing the affective, along with the sensory, components of pain...
  24. ncbi The beta3 subunit of the Na+,K+-ATPase mediates variable nociceptive sensitivity in the formalin test
    Michael L LaCroix-Fralish
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, Que H3A 1B1, Canada
    Pain 144:294-302. 2009
    ....
  25. ncbi Social approach to pain in laboratory mice
    Dale J Langford
    McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Soc Neurosci 5:163-70. 2010
    ..Furthermore, we found that the frequency of contact by the test mouse was negatively correlated with the pain behavior of the jailed mouse, suggesting that proximity of a familiar unaffected conspecific may have analgesic properties...
  26. ncbi Oxytocin-induced analgesia and scratching are mediated by the vasopressin-1A receptor in the mouse
    Ara Schorscher-Petcu
    Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
    J Neurosci 30:8274-84. 2010
    ..Hence, V1ARs expressed in dorsal root ganglia might represent a previously unrecognized target for the analgesic action of OXT and AVP...
  27. ncbi Sex differences in the effects of amiloride on formalin test nociception in mice
    Mona Lisa Chanda
    Department of Psychology nd Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
    Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 291:R335-42. 2006
    ....
  28. ncbi Transgenic expression of a dominant-negative ASIC3 subunit leads to increased sensitivity to mechanical and inflammatory stimuli
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology, Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1B1, Canada
    J Neurosci 25:9893-901. 2005
    ..These data reinforce the hypothesis that ASICs are involved in both mechanical and inflammatory pain, although the increased sensitivity of transgenic mice renders it unlikely that they are direct transducers of nociceptive stimuli...
  29. ncbi Paclitaxel-induced neuropathic hypersensitivity in mice: responses in 10 inbred mouse strains
    Shad B Smith
    Department of Psychology Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave, Montreal QC, Canada H3A 1B1
    Life Sci 74:2593-604. 2004
    ..The present data confirm a genetic component in mechanical allodynia using this model, while dissociating mechanical hypersensitivity from other pain modalities...
  30. ncbi Role of central calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in locomotor and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in two mouse strains exhibiting a CGRP-dependent difference in thermal pain sensitivity
    Ara Schorscher-Petcu
    Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    J Mol Neurosci 39:125-36. 2009
    ..Taken together, these results suggest a complex role for supraspinal CGRP systems in the regulation of locomotion, nociception, and depression-like behaviors...
  31. ncbi Modulation of mechanical and thermal nociceptive sensitivity in the laboratory mouse by behavioral state
    Brandy L Callahan
    Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    J Pain 9:174-84. 2008
    ..In this report, we find evidence that these same factors influence nociceptive sensitivity in the laboratory mouse, providing a model for understanding the mechanistic underpinnings of these forms of modulation...
  32. ncbi Influence of genotype, dose and sex on pruritogen-induced scratching behavior in the mouse
    Amanda D Green
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Que, Canada H3A 1B1
    Pain 124:50-8. 2006
    ..This finding may have implications both for our understanding of itch pathophysiology and for the identification of itch-related genes...
  33. ncbi The molecular and behavioral pharmacology of the orphanin FQ/nociceptin peptide and receptor family
    J S Mogil
    Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Pharmacol Rev 53:381-415. 2001
    ..The actions of this neurochemical system may also be uniquely dependent on contextual factors, both genetic and environmental. This review will address the molecular biology and behavioral pharmacology of OFQ/N and its receptor...
  34. ncbi Empathy hurts: compassion for another increases both sensory and affective components of pain perception
    Marco L Loggia
    McGill Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
    Pain 136:168-76. 2008
    ..The effects were observed when subjects watched the model receiving either neutral or painful stimuli, suggesting that it is empathy itself that alters pain perception, and not necessarily the observation of pain behaviors...
  35. ncbi Progress in genetic studies of pain and analgesia
    Michael L LaCroix-Fralish
    Department of Psychology and Center for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A1B1 Canada
    Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 49:97-121. 2009
    ..Our increasing understanding of the genetic mediation of these biological phenomena have nonetheless revealed their surprising complexity. This review provides a comprehensive picture and critical analysis of the field and its prospects...
  36. ncbi Coding of facial expressions of pain in the laboratory mouse
    Dale J Langford
    Department of Psychology and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Nat Methods 7:447-9. 2010
    ..This measure of spontaneously emitted pain may provide insight into the subjective pain experience of mice...
  37. ncbi Influence of nociception and stress-induced antinociception on genetic variation in isoflurane anesthetic potency among mouse strains
    Jeffrey S Mogil
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    Anesthesiology 103:751-8. 2005
    ..This variable sensitivity to nociception in the awake state is at least partially mediated by endogenous antinociceptive mechanisms activated by the tail-clip stimulus itself...
  38. ncbi Carriers of recessive WNK1/HSN2 mutations for hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 2 (HSAN2) are more sensitive to thermal stimuli
    Marco L Loggia
    Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B2
    J Neurosci 29:2162-6. 2009
    ....
  39. ncbi Modulation of morphine analgesia by site-specific N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists: dependence on sex, site of antagonism, morphine dose, and time
    Kumar V S Nemmani
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Ave, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1B1
    Pain 109:274-83. 2004
    ..Our data suggest that NMDA antagonism via competitive or glycine site antagonism might result in more reliable clinical effects on morphine analgesia in both sexes...
  40. ncbi The Pain Genes Database: An interactive web browser of pain-related transgenic knockout studies
    Michael L Lacroix Fralish
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1B1
    Pain 131:3.e1-4. 2007
    ..It can be accessed at http://paingeneticslab.ca/4105/06_02_pain_genetics_database.asp (or by visiting paingeneticslab.ca and clicking on the "Pain Genes Db" link under "Resources")...
  41. ncbi Region-specific changes of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV in the mouse brain following chronic morphine treatment
    Kumar V S Nemmani
    Department of Psychology and Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, , Canada, Que. H3A 1B1
    Neuroreport 16:879-82. 2005
    ..These findings suggest that CaMKIV-dependent signaling may play a role in chronic morphine-induced neuroplasticity in a brain region-specific manner...
  42. ncbi Genetic variation in morphine analgesic tolerance: a survey of 11 inbred mouse strains
    Benjamin Kest
    Department of Psychology and Center for Developmental Neuroscience, The College of Staten Island, City University of New York, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav 73:821-8. 2002
    ..The present work demonstrates that the presence and magnitude of morphine analgesic tolerance is genotype-dependent and identifies strains with widely divergent liabilities that should facilitate identification of trait-relevant genes...
  43. ncbi Heritability of nociception. III. Genetic relationships among commonly used assays of nociception and hypersensitivity
    William R Lariviere
    Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61820, USA
    Pain 97:75-86. 2002
    ....
  44. ncbi The heritability of antinociception II: pharmacogenetic mediation of three over-the-counter analgesics in mice
    Sonya G Wilson
    Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 305:755-64. 2003
    ....
  45. ncbi Identification of quantitative trait loci for chemical/inflammatory nociception in mice
    Sonya G Wilson
    Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
    Pain 96:385-91. 2002
    ..Identification of the genes underlying these QTLs may illuminate the basis of individual differences in inflammatory pain, and lead to novel analgesic treatment strategies...
  46. ncbi Genotype-dependence of gabapentin and pregabalin sensitivity: the pharmacogenetic mediation of analgesia is specific to the type of pain being inhibited
    Elissa J Chesler
    Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
    Pain 106:325-35. 2003
    ..This has considerable implications for ongoing pharmacogenetic investigations and, more generally, for the choices of preclinical models of pain used in drug development...
  47. ncbi The heritability of antinociception: common pharmacogenetic mediation of five neurochemically distinct analgesics
    Sonya G Wilson
    Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther 304:547-59. 2003
    ..However, the genes in question may affect antinociception indirectly, via a primary action on baseline nociceptive sensitivity...
  48. ncbi Mice, pain, and empathy
    Ernest Gwyn Jordan
    Science 314:253; author reply 253. 2006
  49. ncbi Qualitative sex differences in kappa-opioid analgesia in mice are dependent on age
    Wendy F Sternberg
    Department of Psychology, Haverford College, 370 Lancaster Avenue, Haverford, PA 19041, USA
    Neurosci Lett 363:178-81. 2004
    ..Age-related reductions in U50 analgesic magnitude were also observed in females. Thus, age and gender are likely to alter the clinical efficacy of analgesic drugs active at kappa-opioid receptors...
  50. ncbi The AcB/BcA recombinant congenic strains of mice: strategies for phenotype dissection, mapping and cloning of quantitative trait genes
    Anny Fortin
    Emerillon Therapeutics Inc, 416 de Maisonneuve West, Suite 1000, Montreal QC, Canada
    Novartis Found Symp 281:141-53; discussion 153-5, 208-9. 2007
    ....
  51. ncbi Mapping of a quantitative trait locus for morphine withdrawal severity
    Benjamin Kest
    Department of Psychology, The College of Staten Island, City University of New York, 10314, USA
    Mamm Genome 15:610-7. 2004
    ..The significant quantitative trait locus for naloxone-precipitated withdrawal severity in morphine-dependent mice, which we name Depmq1, may prove to be of considerable heuristic value once the underlying gene or genes are identified...
  52. ncbi Acute progesterone can recruit sex-specific neurochemical mechanisms mediating swim stress-induced and kappa-opioid analgesia in mice
    Wendy F Sternberg
    Department of Psychology, Haverford College, Haverford, PA 19041, USA
    Horm Behav 46:467-73. 2004
    ..The rapidity of this neurochemical "switching" action of progesterone suggests mediation via cell surface receptors or the action of neuroactive steroid metabolites of progesterone...
  53. ncbi The A118G single nucleotide polymorphism of the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) is associated with pressure pain sensitivity in humans
    Roger B Fillingim
    University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
    J Pain 6:159-67. 2005
    ..The results indicate that the rare allele is associated with higher pressure pain thresholds. These results support previous contentions that OPRM1 may be a pain-relevant gene; however, replication of these findings is needed...
  54. ncbi Studying sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia: a consensus report
    Joel D Greenspan
    Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maryland Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 1510, USA
    Pain 132:S26-45. 2007
    ..and thought-provoking guide for future research on sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia, both for those currently working in this field as well as those still wondering, "Do I really need to study females?"..
  55. ncbi The magnitude of mechanical allodynia in a rodent model of lumbar radiculopathy is dependent on strain and sex
    Michael L LaCroix-Fralish
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
    Spine 30:1821-7. 2005
    ..Our results correlate with data compiled in identical mouse and rat strains after L5-L6 nerve ligation, suggesting that the precise nature of the injury is not relevant to the inheritance of neuropathic symptom sensitivity...
  56. ncbi Influences of laboratory environment on behavior
    Elissa J Chesler
    Nat Neurosci 5:1101-2. 2002
  57. ncbi Identification and ranking of genetic and laboratory environment factors influencing a behavioral trait, thermal nociception, via computational analysis of a large data archive
    Elissa J Chesler
    Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61820, USA
    Neurosci Biobehav Rev 26:907-23. 2002
    ....
  58. ncbi The nature and identification of quantitative trait loci: a community's view
    Oduola Abiola
    Nat Rev Genet 4:911-6. 2003
    ..Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) can be identified in several ways, but is there a definitive test of whether a candidate locus actually corresponds to a specific QTL?..
  59. ncbi Sex differences in pain and analgesia: the role of gonadal hormones
    Rebecca M Craft
    Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 4820, USA
    Eur J Pain 8:397-411. 2004
    ..Current research suggests that sex-specific management of clinical pain will be a reality in the not-so-distant future...