Celeste Johnston

..To determine the intensity of pain in the emergency department (ED), the use of analgesics in relation to pain intensity, which patients are at risk for unresolved pain at one week post-discharge, and the postdischarge treatment of pain...

..Some possible mechanisms for the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions are offered. Finally, avenues of research into similar interventions as adjuvant therapies or drug-sparing effects in older populations are suggested...

..To determine the feasibility and effect size of kangaroo care (KC) for pain from heel lance in preterm neonates provided by either the infant's mother (MKC) or an unrelated alternate female (AFKC)...

..There were no significant differences on any of the physiological parameters by condition during the procedure. However, when controlling for severity of illness, recovery was faster with mothers...

..The intent of this study is to compare the comfort effect of co-bedding (between twin infants who are co-bedding and those who are not) on infant pain response and physiologic stability during a tissue breaking procedure (heelstick)...

..The objective of this study was to establish consensus about which behavioural, physiologic and contextual indicators best characterize pain in infants at high, moderate and low levels of risk for NI...

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..To test paternal vs maternal kangaroo care (KC) to reduce pain from heel lance...

..To test if enhancing maternal skin-to-skin contact, or kangaroo mother care (KMC) by adding rocking, singing and sucking is more efficacious than simple KMC for procedural pain in preterm neonates...

..The purpose of this study was to determine if KMC would also be efficacious in very preterm neonates...

..To determine if a recording of a mother's voice talking soothingly to her baby is useful in diminishing pain in newborns born between 32 and 36 weeks' gestational age (GA) during routine painful procedures...

..The context in which interventions are implemented will influence the effectiveness of individualized interventions...

..Sex was significant at one age only in latency to thermal stimulation testing. The results suggest that changes in maternal care may be an important factor mediating the long-term effects of repeated neonatal experiences of pain...

..To test the efficacy of maternal skin-to-skin contact, or kangaroo care (KC), on diminishing the pain response of preterm neonates to heel lancing...

..With collaboration between these groups, more relevant research can be conducted that can lead to the decrease in pain and its consequences in neonates...

..The purpose of this study was to describe pain intensity, distress from pain, and treatment of pain in children presenting to the ED and to follow them 1 week later to describe resolution of their pain...

..To determine the efficacy of sucrose analgesia for procedural pain during the first week of life in preterm neonates in neonatal intensive care units on enhancing later clinical outcomes...

..There was, however, a significant correlation between standard deviation of pulse rate and number of doses of sucrose only in the group who received high doses of sucrose...

..The finding was less marked at 36 weeks PCA when the subjects were physiologically more stable...

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..Providing music during simple laceration repair did not increase the proportion of parents who were involved in distraction...

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..Findings indicate that regardless of the hospital setting, invasiveness coupled with length of stay and severity of illness in young children may have adverse long-term effects...

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..These data suggest that changes in maternal behavior can influence some modalities of pain sensitivity and that repeated mild inflammatory pain in neonatal period causes hypersensitivity to formalin in the adult offspring...

..To identify those patients in a pediatric intensive care unit who may be at highest risk for developing persistent psychological sequelae after hospital discharge...

..Sensitivity and specificity of the CPOT need to be further explored during other nociceptive procedures and with different critically ill populations...

..The purpose of this study was to develop a measure of posthospitalization distress, the Children's Critical Illness Impact Scale (CCIIS), for children aged 6-12 yrs following pediatric intensive care unit hospitalization...

..The current controversies regarding pain assessment in preterm and term infants are reviewed to define the most important issues and to develop a dialogue for future directions...

..In addition, although primarily mother-driven, these strategies are ultimately nurse-enabled, thus the importance of this connection cannot be under appreciated with respect to successful implementation in the NICU...

..The literature is inconsistent regarding the predictors of parenting self-efficacy, and there is limited evidence regarding these predictors in the early postpartum period...