Timothy G Geary

..This review considers the attributes of anthelmintics that favor or limit attainment of the scaled-up plans for elimination, and highlights situations for which new or reformulated drugs may be needed...

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..Implementation of this strategy in biodiversity-rich but resource-constrained settings can help build sustainable local capacity for drug discovery...

..Studies on IVM in model organisms have contributed greatly to our understanding of ML pharmacology, but our understanding of the basis for differences among species and among MLs in potency and spectrum remains far from complete...

..A consideration of the knowledge gained from the process as conducted for mammalian peptidergic systems can inform and illuminate promising strategies for the discovery of new drugs for the treatment and control of pests and parasites...

..Furthermore, a better understanding of their clinical pharmacology will enable improved therapy and could contribute to the discovery of new products...

..In particular, the lack of convenient, validated animal models in an antifilarial drug discovery pathway is an unresolved issue...

..Although much remains to be learned about how the drug works and how resistance to it will develop, it has earned the title of "wonder drug"...

..Further studies are required to confirm ML resistance in heartworm populations. However, the genetic changes observed in this study may be useful as a marker to monitor for ML resistance in D. immitis...

..Differences in F coefficients were observed between the groups. D. immitis was found to be genetically heterogeneous. This genetic heterogeneity has implication for the development of genetically selected strains of the parasite...

..Under in vivo conditions, the rapid microfilarial clearance induced by IVM treatment is proposed to result from suppression of the ability of the parasite to secrete proteins that enable evasion of the host immune system...

..An association of high Loa mf load and a genetic predisposition to altered IVM distribution could be involved in IVM SAEs...

..suum muscle membranes allowed the unambiguous conclusion that the N-terminal lysine is absolutely required for activation of the chloride channel and excludes interaction with the SDPNFLRFamide receptor...

..The permeability properties of the C. elegans cuticle may be more restrictive than those of adult parasites, calling into question primary anthelmintic screening strategies that rely on this model organism...

..The matching of the FLP-18 peptides with their receptor(s) allows for the evaluation of the pharmacology of this system in the worm in vivo...

..suum hypodermal membranes provides a low energy pathway for organic anion excretion from the hypodermal compartment, followed by diffusion across the aqueous channels of the cuticle matrix...

..Nonetheless, there are many new opportunities to expand the research horizons of veterinary parasitology to strengthen the case for retaining a significant presence in the animal health industry...

..Little is known about the composition and variability of products released at different developmental stages and their contribution to parasite survival and progression of the infection...

..polygyrus biology. In addition, the methods and analyses presented here are applicable to study biochemical and molecular aspects of the host-parasite relationship in species for which sequence information is not available...

..These studies suggest that these peptide GPCRs are legitimate targets for the discovery of novel anthelmintic agents...

..caninum. However, an association of allele DRB3*1001 and allele DRB3*2703 with resistance and susceptibility to pregnancy loss, irrespective of infection status, was identified...

..the alpha7 CNS subtype. PHQ anthelmintics are nicotinic cholinergic antagonists in both nematodes and mammals, and this mechanism appears to underlie both their efficacy and toxicity...

..This review describes the chemistry, efficacy and mode of action of PNU-141962...

..Novel drugs are needed to combat drug resistance and for currently non-addressed problems. At the center of the future for this field, however, lies the need for more support into the basic research on the biology of parasites...

..Moreover, there is now increasing evidence of cross-phyla activity for individual FaRPs, providing clear signals of opportunities for target selection and the identification and development of broad-spectrum drugs...