S G Gauthier

..There are multiple research opportunities for better understanding and treatment of this condition. Ongoing cohort studies developed under Leon Thal's leadership will facilitate this process...

..To evaluate, in a real-world clinical setting, the efficacy of rivastigmine in the management of six symptoms commonly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD)...

..Clinical studies and post hoc analyses have investigated the use of combination therapy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We review the evidence for the short- and long-term efficacy of combination therapy in AD...

..If well tolerated, donepezil should be continued in the severe stages of AD as long as the patient appears to benefit from a slower clinical decline...

..This will be done first in carriers of dominantly inherited early onset AD. As this research takes place networks of memory clinics must prepare to transfer new knowledge to persons interested in a preventive approach to AD...

..The validity and reliability of ROSA as well as sensitivity to changes due to intervention were examined in an open-label, single-arm, multicenter clinical study in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD)...

..We present here a successful example of this type of collaboration in the field of dementia...

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..We have analysed the databases of two randomised studies with regard to the effects of memantine treatment on behavioural symptoms, measured using the 12-item version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI)...

..These real-life findings further demonstrate the proven efficacy of rivastigmine in patients with mild-to-moderate AD...

..Results of early studies of donepezil in MCI are promising and suggest directions for further research...

..The issues to be resolved prior to the use of a survival design for conversion from vascular MCI to dementia will be discussed...

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..Other definitions and subtypes of mild cognitive impairment need to be studied as potential prodromes of Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia...

..Primary care practitioners play an essential role in the diagnosis and management of patients with these conditions...

..Behavioural disturbances are a common and distressing aspect of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This pooled analysis evaluated the specific benefits of memantine on behavioural disturbances in patients with moderate to severe AD...

..To investigate the efficacy and safety of donepezil in a subgroup of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) of moderate severity from a previous trial...

..This subanalysis of a large, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial examined the prevalence of behavioral symptoms in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the effect of treatment with donepezil...

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..The panel also aimed to reach consensus on 'whom to switch', 'when to switch' and 'how to switch'. The key findings from that meeting are reported in this review...

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..Pharmacological treatment options, such as antipsychotics, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine, need careful consideration of the benefits and limitations of each drug class...

..A preventive approach based on individual risk assessment may be possible, which will increase the number of consultations for neurologists in the near future...

..Based on the characteristic features associated with this condition, clinical diagnostic criteria for probable and possible PD-D are proposed...

..Validation studies in existing and prospective cohorts are needed to advance these criteria and optimise their sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy...

..To identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with risk and age at onset of Alzheimer disease (AD) in a genomewide association study of 469 438 SNPs...

..Delaying progression to disease milestones may offer additional validity to these studies. It is unclear if biological and neuroimaging markers will add to the clinical evidence...

..At present PDD and DLB are distinct entities by definition. Future studies, including clinical trials and biomarker studies, will help to further define the clinical and therapeutic implications of this distinction...

..Our focus in clinical care needs to be broadened beyond assessing and treating Parkinsonism, recognizing the impact of mood, cognition and function on HRQOL...

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..The pattern across condition is coherent with a continuum between those two clinical groups...

..Depressive symptoms are frequently observed in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, little is known regarding the cognitive characteristics of this important subgroup...

..We evaluated whether impairments on the Disability Assessment for Dementia (DAD) and Functional Rating Scale (FRS) can predict progression to AD...

..Prescribing approved therapies such as galantamine for older patients with AD is recommended...

..We accept, however, that further validation of certain tests and modifications in the recommended cut off values will be required through future studies...

..000). Results of this study support the feasibility of using MRI as an outcome measure of disease progression in multi center therapeutic trials for MCI...

..We compared cognitive, functional, and behavioural outcomes in patients with VCI to patients with no cognitive impairment (NCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD)...

..Additional analyses examined whether donepezil's treatment effects were consistent across the full range of baseline AD severity studied (sMMSE score 5-17)...

..Controlled clinical trials with donepezil, galantamine and rivastigmine in VaD, as well as in patients with AD plus CVD, have demonstrated improvements in cognition, behavior and activities of daily living...

..Controlled clinical trials with donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine in VaD, as well as in patients with AD plus CVD, have demonstrated improvement in cognition, behavior and activities of daily living...

..CONCLUSIONS: From a public health viewpoint, recognition of VCI before the development of dementia and correction of vascular burden on the brain may lead to a global decrease of incident dementia...

..The Memory Impairment Study (MIS) is a multicenter clinical trial in patients with MCI designed to evaluate whether vitamin E or donepezil is effective at delaying the time to a clinical diagnosis of AD...

..Clear guidance on the management of DLB is urgently needed. Virtually unrecognised 20 years ago, DLB could within this decade be one of the most treatable neurodegenerative disorders of late life...

..Even for patients who do, the proportion identified with VaD varies widely. Criteria based on empirical analyses need to be developed and validated...

..The rapidity at which these compounds will be at our disposal is highly dependent on the policy of the pharmaceutical companies...

..Clinical trials in vascular cognitive impairment are in their infancy but support the value of therapeutic interventions for symptomatic treatment...

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..There is a need for empirical studies to define criteria for vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) subtypes. In this paper, we report the predictive validity of a subtype classification scheme based on clinical and radiographic features...

..In this study, complications (insomnia, dyskinesias, agitation, and delirium) occurred in three patients switched from donepezil to galantamine. The authors describe evidence-based recommendations for ChEI switchover in DLB...

..They are intended to provide a common point of reference and guidance in Canada for therapeutic development of the dementias...

..Nevertheless, further studies with appropriate trial designs and outcome measures in homogenous schizophrenia populations are warranted...

..These data suggest that control of attention tasks can track AD at a preclinical stage and that impairment increases gradually during the preclinical phase of AD...

..These results suggest that persons with MCI can improve their performance on episodic memory when provided with cognitive training...

..We investigated the effects of galantamine in patients with a diagnosis of probable vascular dementia or Alzheimer's disease combined with cerebrovascular disease...

..The discrepancy in MCI participants might be explained by differences in the degree of sensitivity of the experimental procedures and/or by the differences in the cognitive processes these procedures assessed...

..To systematically review published clinical trials of the pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer disease (AD)...

..In this article, we review the key clinical features of neuropsychiatric complications in Parkinson's disease as well as what is known about their epidemiologic characteristics, risk factors, pathophysiologic features and management...

..These data also indicate that human serum melanotransferrin levels are unchanged in subjects with Alzheimer's disease...

..With the recent funding changes in health care services, more seniors with dementia are cared for in their homes and the nature of their condition puts them at higher risk for accidents and injuries...

..To determine the frequency of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and REM sleep without atonia among patients with Alzheimer disease and control subjects...

..These findings will be discussed in the context of two large-scale randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase III clinical trials that are currently being conducted to test the long-term safety and efficacy of Alzhemed...