Vincenzo De Luca

..8 to 7%. Our results further suggest that this effect is only attributable to Caucasians when compared to African-Americans. Moreover, our findings point to the role of intracellular mechanisms in antipsychotic response...

..Additional association studies in independent samples will be able evaluate whether OXT and OXTR genes are truly playing a role in the clozapine treatment outcome...

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..Our results suggest that the novel polymorphism may not play a major role in antipsychotic response...

..84 df=4 P=0.76). These findings suggest that this new polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene may not influence suicidal behaviour in patients with bipolar disorder...

..This is to our knowledge the first study on suicidal behaviour investigating the interaction among the HPA axis genes...

..The sample size of our study is 117 families. No biased transmission towards the disorder was detected by haplotype analysis using TRANSMIT...

..031). These findings suggest that the intron 2 VNTR polymorphism in serotonin transporter gene may influence suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia...

..010), while neither was sufficient alone to confer susceptibility. Our present study provided the first line of direct evidence suggesting that the CHRNA4 gene combined with CHRNB2 receptor gene may be linked to schizophrenia...

..545). These results suggest that epistasis between MAOA and COMT genes may not influence suicidal behavior in patients with schizophrenia...

..Furthermore, we performed a particular gene-gene interaction for the X-linked serotonergic genes (HTR2C and MAOA), and found no association among this intergenic haplotype combination and suicidal behaviour in bipolar disorder...

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..This is to our knowledge the first investigation on suicidal behavior and genetic variation at the CRHR2 locus, an important regulator of the HPA axis...

..These findings suggest that MAOA and COMT genes may not influence suicidal behavior in patients with bipolar disorder...

..These findings suggest that these 5' marker haplotypes in the TPH2 gene do not influence suicidal behavior in schizophrenia...

..Our meta-analysis provides support for the association of HTR2C in weight gain but indicates that firmly establishing the role of pharmacogenetics in clinical psychiatry requires much larger sample sizes that have been hitherto reported...

..047). Taken together, the present study suggests that DRD2 may be involved in TD in the Caucasian population, although further studies are warranted...

..007). We also found evidence of interaction between BDNF and DRD3 polymorphisms. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings...

..18; p<1 x 10(-3)). Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that GABRG2 may be involved in SCZ susceptibility, but further studies are required...

..Our results suggest that the GPX1 gene polymorphism does not confer increased susceptibility to TD, although further studies are warranted before a conclusion can be drawn...

..2003), a trend in the same direction was observed as well. Our findings suggest that the rs4532 SNP may have a small effect if any. Further studies in larger, independent samples are required to validate these findings...

..Genetic factors affecting the density and/or function of D(2) receptors may therefore affect AP response...

..Changes in dopamine neurotransmission have been implicated in the etiology of TD, and catechol-O-methyl-transferase (COMT) is an enzyme that metabolizes dopamine...

..Further research is warranted to determine the functional variation underlying these findings and to relate this to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia...

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..This result suggests that methylation of the 102C allele does not influence completed suicide...

..005). GRIN2B expression levels in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and controls were not significantly different. The genetic findings suggest a role for GRIN2B in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder...

..However, several limitations such as the small sample size and the exclusion of patients with other severe comorbid psychiatric disorders could have influenced the significance of present findings...

..However, this phenotype can be assessed retrospectively in cross-sectional studies and these preliminary results point out the importance of choosing alternative phenotypes in psychiatric pharmacogenetics...

..017; fixed-effects model: p=0.008). Taken together, the results from our study suggest that BDNF Val⁶⁶Met is involved in suicidality. Further studies are required to elucidate its role in suicidal behaviour...

..There was no preferential transmission of any allele. These findings exclude a strong effect of this ADRA2C marker on risk for ADHD in our sample of adult proband families...

..The Val/Met ratio was much lower in the brain vs. B lymphoblasts. These data do not support a role for genomic imprinting as a modifier of the contribution of BDNF gene to risk of susceptibility to BD...

..016). This study suggests that the 4q breakpoint regions may harbour a gene that contributes to the illness in the large Hong Kong pedigree, and this 4q25 region should be examined further in other schizophrenia samples...

..Weight changes do not seem to be associated with polymorphism of the SNAP-25 gene, however, replication in independent samples is warranted...

..We did not find a statistically significant association with the other DRD3 and BDNF polymorphisms. Taken together, the results from the present study suggest that BDNF and DRD3 may not be involved in SCZ susceptibility...

..Clinical trials have also investigated whether GDNF may ameliorate Parkinson's disease symptoms...

..2000) reported an association between TD and the Manganese superoxide dismutase SOD2 (MnSOD) gene Ala9Val (rs4880) polymorphism in a Japanese sample, but most research groups failed to replicate their positive findings...

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..Moreover, gene-gene interaction and haplotype association may have consistent results for genes located in the same chromosome...

..We have previously reported the Val66Met and GT(n) repeat polymorphisms of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene to be associated with bipolar disorder. However, these findings have not been replicated consistently...

..Further studies are necessary to confirm the reported associations...

..Schizophrenia patients are usually heavy smokers. In this study we hypothesized that high-affinity nicotinic receptors are associated with smoking in such patients...

..Ours was the first study to investigate the NRG1 core haplotype with age of onset of major psychoses, and despite our preliminary negative findings, this area deserves further investigation...

..028). In summary, our results suggest that the 7R is associated with AAO in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. The effect was observed across both sexes in bipolar disorder, but specifically in females for schizophrenia...

..Our meta-analysis indicates that firmly establishing the role of pharmacogenetics in clinical psychiatry requires much larger sample sizes that have been reported...

..OBJECTIVE. We examined selected members of the dopaminergic system genes for association with child aggression...

..1, p=1.00) were observed between subjects with and without TD. Our results suggest that the GSTP1 gene polymorphism does not confer increased susceptibility to TD, although further studies are warranted before a conclusion can be drawn...

..Our present study provided the first line of direct evidence suggesting that the CHRM5 gene combined with the CHRNA7 gene may be linked to schizophrenia...

..Further studies investigating additional polymorphisms in this gene and other components of the CRH signalling system may prove useful...

..Although our results are negative, this was the first study to investigate GAD genes in schizophrenia, and further studies of these genes, particularly with schizophrenia subtypes, may prove valuable...

..The aim of this study is to examine whether a potentially functional polymorphism, a proline (Pro) to leucine (Leu) substitution at codon 197 (Pro197Leu) of the human GPX1 gene, is associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia...

..Our findings add to the literature suggesting DRD5 (CA)(n) repeat has a modest effect in modulating susceptibility to adult ADHD but further studies are required...

..37, 3 df, p=0.015). Although this novel finding requires replication, it suggests that further study into the relationship between schizophrenia and nicotine system genes is warranted...

..However, Persistence score of the TCI was significantly associated with smoking status. Further investigation on the hypothesis of the molecular interaction between CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A genes is warranted...

..024). Further investigations of Tph2 are needed to clarify the potential role of this gene in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder...

..No association between the 5-HT2A C102T polymorphism and suicidal behavior in major psychoses was detected with the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT)...

..003). No CNP-MAG gene-gene interaction conferred increased risk for schizophrenia. Our finding provides support for potential association of the CNP gene but not the MAG gene in schizophrenia in a Caucasian population...

..The MnlI polymorphism was typed in 128 trios and analyzed using the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT). There was no preferential transmission of either allele (chi(2) = 0.209, df = 1, P = 0.647)...

..The mixture regression model appears to be a useful strategy to highlight different weight gain subgroups that are affected differently by clinical and genetic predictors...

..778, df = 1, p = 0.316). These findings exclude a direct involvement of this genetic marker of the Protein kinase G gene in the pathogenesis of ADHD...

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..Small sample size and the fact that RNA was obtained from lymphoblastoid cell lines were some of the limitations of this study...

..Further investigation of TPH2 gene expression is needed to clarify the potential role of this gene in the pathophysiology of suicide...

..This study aimed to determine the distributions of the age at onset (AAO) using mixture analysis and better develop the understanding of AAO as a clinical feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder...

..We also outline major areas for future research...

..This review has also highlighted a considerable dearth of studies, specifically of studies evaluating antipsychotic side-effects...

..Given that the Ser9Gly variant may play a putative role in DRD3 function, further studies on the DRD3 with linked variants are warranted...

..To confirm our findings, further studies are warranted on larger samples using more extensive biological measures for diagnosing the polydipsia phenotype...

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..01. The fact that the same haplotype shows a similar trend for association in samples originating from different ethnic backgrounds seems to imply that the -800C/-48G/1403T haplotype may be considered as a risk factor for BP I disorder...

..These results provide experimental evidence that, under some circumstances, TYDC activity can exert a rate-limiting control over the carbon flux allocated to the biosynthesis of hydroxycinnamic acid amides of tyramine...

..puberulum) and demonstrate the opportunities for restoring functional pathways using the genetic resources of wild species, resulting in production of healthier foods...