Thomas Kerr

Summary

Affiliation: British Columbia
Country: Canada

Publications

  1. ncbi Social and structural violence and power relations in mitigating HIV risk of drug-using women in survival sex work
    Kate Shannon
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC Canada
    Soc Sci Med 66:911-21. 2008
  2. ncbi Impact of a medically supervised safer injecting facility on drug dealing and other drug-related crime
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St, Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 1:13. 2006
  3. ncbi Factors associated with methadone maintenance therapy use among a cohort of polysubstance using injection drug users in Vancouver
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Drug Alcohol Depend 80:329-35. 2005
  4. ncbi The impact of sex partners' HIV status on HIV seroconversion in a prospective cohort of injection drug users
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 41:119-23. 2006
  5. ncbi Measuring adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: implications for research and practice
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2:200-5. 2005
  6. ncbi Opioid substitution and HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Lancet 364:1918-9. 2004
  7. ncbi Safer injection facility use and syringe sharing in injection drug users
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Lancet 366:316-8. 2005
  8. ncbi Impact of a medically supervised safer injection facility on community drug use patterns: a before and after study
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    BMJ 332:220-2. 2006
  9. ncbi Getting global funds to those most in need: the Thai Drug Users' Network
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Health Hum Rights 8:170-86. 2005
  10. ncbi Circumstances of first injection among illicit drug users accessing a medically supervised safer injection facility
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver
    Am J Public Health 97:1228-30. 2007

Detail Information

Publications113 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Social and structural violence and power relations in mitigating HIV risk of drug-using women in survival sex work
    Kate Shannon
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC Canada
    Soc Sci Med 66:911-21. 2008
    ....
  2. ncbi Impact of a medically supervised safer injecting facility on drug dealing and other drug-related crime
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St, Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 1:13. 2006
    ..116) or assaults/robbery (174 vs. 180), although a decline in vehicle break-ins/vehicle theft was observed (302 vs. 227). The SIF was not associated with increased drug trafficking or crimes commonly linked to drug use...
  3. ncbi Factors associated with methadone maintenance therapy use among a cohort of polysubstance using injection drug users in Vancouver
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Drug Alcohol Depend 80:329-35. 2005
    ..While the use of MMT was associated with reductions in heroin use and HIV risk behavior, barriers to Aboriginal IDUs were evident, and the association with increased crack cocaine use deserves further study...
  4. ncbi The impact of sex partners' HIV status on HIV seroconversion in a prospective cohort of injection drug users
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 41:119-23. 2006
    ..We evaluated the HIV status of the sex partners of injection drug users (IDUs) and rates of subsequent HIV seroconversion among a prospective cohort study of IDUs...
  5. ncbi Measuring adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy: implications for research and practice
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2:200-5. 2005
    ..Given the individual and public health concerns associated with adherence to HAART, there is a need for the continued development and validation of measures of medication adherence...
  6. ncbi Opioid substitution and HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Lancet 364:1918-9. 2004
  7. ncbi Safer injection facility use and syringe sharing in injection drug users
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Lancet 366:316-8. 2005
    ..30, 0.11-0.82, p=0.02) after adjustment for relevant sociodemographic and drug-use characteristics. These findings could help inform discussions about the merits of such facilities...
  8. ncbi Impact of a medically supervised safer injection facility on community drug use patterns: a before and after study
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    BMJ 332:220-2. 2006
    ..Supervised injecting facilities have been proposed as a potential solution, but fears have been raised that they might encourage drug use...
  9. ncbi Getting global funds to those most in need: the Thai Drug Users' Network
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Health Hum Rights 8:170-86. 2005
    ..This article describes the circumstances surrounding this instance of successful drug-user organizing in order to identify the lessons that can be learned...
  10. ncbi Circumstances of first injection among illicit drug users accessing a medically supervised safer injection facility
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver
    Am J Public Health 97:1228-30. 2007
    ..These findings indicate that the safer injecting facility's benefits have not been offset by a rise in initiation into injection drug use...
  11. ncbi Predictors of non-fatal overdose among a cohort of polysubstance-using injection drug users
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Depend 87:39-45. 2007
    ..Non-fatal overdose is a major determinant of morbidity among injection drug users (IDU). We sought to evaluate factors associated with non-fatal overdose among IDU in Vancouver...
  12. ncbi A micro-environmental intervention to reduce the harms associated with drug-related overdose: evidence from the evaluation of Vancouver's safer injection facility
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    Int J Drug Policy 18:37-45. 2007
    ..Safer injection facilities (SIFs) constitute one such intervention, although little is known about the impact of such facilities on factors that mediate risk for overdose...
  13. ncbi Smoking of crack cocaine as a risk factor for HIV infection among people who use injection drugs
    Kora deBeck
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
    CMAJ 181:585-9. 2009
    ..Given the increasing use of crack cocaine, we sought to examine whether use of this illicit drug has become a risk factor for HIV infection...
  14. ncbi Structural factors associated with an increased risk of HIV and sexually transmitted infection transmission among street-involved youth
    Brandon D L Marshall
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St, Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    BMC Public Health 9:7. 2009
    ....
  15. ncbi Incarceration experiences in a cohort of active injection drug users
    M J Milloy
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Rev 27:693-9. 2008
    ..Incarceration has been associated with a number of health-related harms among injection drug users (IDU). However, little is known about the prevalence and correlates of incarceration among community-based samples of IDU...
  16. ncbi Changes in injecting practices associated with the use of a medically supervised safer injection facility
    Jo Anne Stoltz
    Clinical Activities, British Columbia Centre of Excellence in HIV AIDS, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
    J Public Health (Oxf) 29:35-9. 2007
    ....
  17. ncbi Syringe sharing and HIV incidence among injection drug users and increased access to sterile syringes
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
    Am J Public Health 100:1449-53. 2010
    ..We assessed the effects of syringe exchange program (SEP) policy on rates of HIV risk behavior and HIV incidence among injection drug users...
  18. ncbi Potential uptake and correlates of willingness to use a supervised smoking facility for noninjection illicit drug use
    Courtney L C Collins
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    J Urban Health 82:276-84. 2005
    ..Although the impact of SSFs in North America can only be quantified by scientific evaluation, these data indicate a potential for public health and community benefits if SSFs were to become available...
  19. ncbi Characteristics of injection drug users who participate in drug dealing: implications for drug policy
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
    J Psychoactive Drugs 40:147-52. 2008
    ..These findings suggest that elements of "balanced" drug policies may undermine each other and indicate the need for alternative interventions...
  20. ncbi Risk factors for developing a cutaneous injection-related infection among injection drug users: a cohort study
    Elisa Lloyd-Smith
    BC Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    BMC Public Health 8:405. 2008
    ..However, risk factors for CIRI have not been well described in the literature. We sought to characterize the risk factors for current CIRI among individuals who use North America's first supervised injection facility (SIF)...
  21. ncbi Antiretroviral adherence and HIV treatment outcomes among HIV/HCV co-infected injection drug users: the role of methadone maintenance therapy
    Anita Palepu
    Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St Paul s Hospital, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Depend 84:188-94. 2006
    ..We examined the association of methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) adherence and HIV treatment outcomes among a cohort of HIV/HCV co-infected injection drug users (IDUs)...
  22. ncbi Non-fatal overdose among a cohort of active injection drug users recruited from a supervised injection facility
    M J S Milloy
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 34:499-509. 2008
    ..Our findings indicate that a sub-population of IDU might benefit from overdose prevention interventions. Our findings refute the suggestion that the SIF may increase the likelihood of overdose...
  23. ncbi Effects of police confiscation of illicit drugs and syringes among injection drug users in Vancouver
    Daniel Werb
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    Int J Drug Policy 19:332-8. 2008
    ..Drug market policing has been associated with various harms among injection drug users (IDU). However, little is known about instances in which drugs and injecting equipment are confiscated from IDU in the absence of a formal arrest...
  24. ncbi Burden of HIV infection among aboriginal injection drug users in Vancouver, British Columbia
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Am J Public Health 98:515-9. 2008
    ..We sought to examine whether there were differential rates of HIV incidence among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal injection drug users in a Canadian setting...
  25. ncbi Expanding the reach of harm reduction in Thailand: experiences with a drug user-run drop-in centre
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver BC, V6Z 1Y6 Canada
    Int J Drug Policy 21:255-8. 2010
    ..In response, a drug user-led harm reduction centre opened in 2004 in an effort to expand reduction programming in Thailand...
  26. ncbi Structural and environmental barriers to condom use negotiation with clients among female sex workers: implications for HIV-prevention strategies and policy
    Kate Shannon
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Am J Public Health 99:659-65. 2009
    ..We investigated the relationship between environmental-structural factors and condom-use negotiation with clients among female sex workers...
  27. ncbi Rationale to evaluate medically supervised safer smoking facilities for non-injection illicit drug users
    Courtney L C Collins
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC
    Can J Public Health 96:344-7. 2005
    ..Also relevant to this topic are interventions to prevent transition into injection drug use, and SSFs may also be evaluated as a potential strategy to address this concern...
  28. ncbi Factors associated with willingness to participate in a heroin prescription program among injection drug users
    Cari L Miller
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    J Opioid Manag 1:201-3. 2005
    ..These findings indicate that a clinical trial of prescribed heroin should be able to enroll an appropriate sample of drug users and properly assess the treatment potential of prescribed opiate pharmacotherapy...
  29. ncbi Incidence and determinants of initiation into cocaine injection and correlates of frequent cocaine injectors
    Elisa Lloyd-Smith
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital 608 1081, Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Depend 99:176-82. 2009
    ..To investigate the incidence and correlates of cocaine injection initiation and the impacts of daily cocaine injection among a cohort of injection drug users...
  30. ncbi Factors associated with buying and selling syringes among injection drug users in a setting of one of North America's largest syringe exchange programs
    Laura M Kuyper
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, and Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
    Subst Use Misuse 41:883-99. 2006
    ..Syringe buyers were more likely to need help injecting, have difficulty finding new syringes, have binged on drugs, and have visited the SEP at least once weekly. Syringe buying most frequently occurred when the SEP was closed...
  31. ncbi Recent incarceration independently associated with syringe sharing by injection drug users
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Public Health Rep 120:150-6. 2005
    ..Few prospective studies are available on the relationship between incarceration and HIV risk among injection drug users (IDUs). The authors evaluated self-reported rates of syringe sharing and incarceration among a cohort of IDUs...
  32. ncbi HIV risks associated with incarceration among injection drug users: implications for prison-based public health strategies
    Daniel Werb
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    J Public Health (Oxf) 30:126-32. 2008
    ..We sought to evaluate the potential impact of incarceration on HIV risk behaviour among the IDU enrolled in a prospective cohort study...
  33. ncbi Risks surrounding drug trade involvement among street-involved youth
    Daniel Werb
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 34:810-20. 2008
    ..The present study was therefore conducted to investigate factors associated with the street-level drug trade involvement among street-based youth...
  34. ncbi Injection drug use among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St, Paul s Hospital, British Columbia, Canada
    BMC Public Health 9:171. 2009
    ..We undertook this study to examine the prevalence of injection drug use and associated risks among street-involved youth in Vancouver, Canada...
  35. ncbi Drug use patterns among Thai illicit drug injectors amidst increased police presence
    Dan Werb
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St, Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 4:16. 2009
    ..These findings demonstrate high ongoing rates of drug injecting in Thailand despite reports of increased levels of strict enforcement and enforcement-related violence, and raise questions regarding the merits of this approach...
  36. ncbi Incarceration and drug use patterns among a cohort of injection drug users
    Kora deBeck
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Addiction 104:69-76. 2009
    ..However, the impact of incarceration on deterring drug use remains under-evaluated. We sought to explore the relationship between incarceration and patterns of drug use among people who inject drugs (IDU)...
  37. ncbi Emergency department utilization among a cohort of HIV-positive injecting drug users in a Canadian setting
    Nadia Fairbairn
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    J Emerg Med 43:236-43. 2012
    ..injection-related complications has not been well described...
  38. ncbi Prevalence and correlates of jugular injections among injection drug users
    Zia Hoda
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Rev 27:442-6. 2008
    ..We evaluated factors associated with jugular injection among a cohort of injection drug users (IDU) in Vancouver, Canada...
  39. ncbi Crystal methamphetamine use associated with non-fatal overdose among a cohort of injection drug users in Vancouver
    Nadia Fairbairn
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC Canada, V6Z 146
    Public Health 122:70-8. 2008
    ..To evaluate the prevalence and correlates of non-fatal overdose among a polysubstance-using cohort of injection drug users (IDU) in Vancouver...
  40. ncbi Elevated HIV risk behaviour among recently incarcerated injection drug users in a Canadian setting: a longitudinal analysis
    M J S Milloy
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    BMC Public Health 9:156. 2009
    ..We sought to assess the impact of incarceration on risk factors for HIV infection after release from prison in a sample of active IDU in Vancouver, Canada...
  41. ncbi Longitudinal community plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations and incidence of HIV-1 among injecting drug users: prospective cohort study
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver, Canada
    BMJ 338:b1649. 2009
    ..To examine the relation between plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations in the community and HIV incidence among injecting drug users...
  42. ncbi Survival sex work involvement as a primary risk factor for hepatitis C virus acquisition in drug-using youths in a canadian setting
    Kate Shannon
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Division of AIDS, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 164:61-5. 2010
    ..To examine whether there were differential rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence in injecting drug-using youths who did and did not report involvement in survival sex work...
  43. ncbi Social and structural barriers to housing among street-involved youth who use illicit drugs
    Andrea Krusi
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6Z1Y6
    Health Soc Care Community 18:282-8. 2010
    ..Our findings point to the need for housing strategies that include safe, low threshold, harm reduction focused housing options for youth who engage in illicit substance use...
  44. ncbi Ongoing drug use and outcomes from highly active antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users in a Canadian setting
    Andrea Krusi
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Antivir Ther 15:789-96. 2010
    ..We sought to investigate the influence of drug use patterns on adherence to antiretroviral therapy and virological suppression among IDUs...
  45. ncbi Nonfatal overdose among a cohort of street-involved youth
    Daniel Werb
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    J Adolesc Health 42:303-6. 2008
    ..Our findings indicate that nonfatal overdose was common among street-involved youth in our setting, and was associated with various forms of drug use, including methamphetamine use...
  46. ncbi Difficulty accessing syringes and syringe borrowing among injection drug users in Bangkok, Thailand
    Thomas Kerr
    Urban Health Research Initiative, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Rev 29:157-61. 2010
    ..This study was undertaken to examine risk factors for syringe borrowing among a community-recruited sample of Thai IDU...
  47. ncbi Harmful microinjecting practices among a cohort of injection drug users in vancouver Canada
    Beth Rachlis
    BC Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    Subst Use Misuse 45:1351-66. 2010
    ..We sought to identify factors associated with harmful microinjecting practices in a longitudinal cohort of IDU...
  48. ncbi Frequent needle exchange use and HIV incidence in Vancouver, Canada
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Am J Med 120:172-9. 2007
    ..Opposition to needle exchange programs has been fueled by a Vancouver study showing an association between frequent program use and elevated rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users...
  49. ncbi Attendance, drug use patterns, and referrals made from North America's first supervised injection facility
    Mark W Tyndall
    Department of Medicine, and BC Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, University of British Columbia, St Paul s Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Depend 83:193-8. 2006
    ..This analysis was conducted to describe the attendance, demographic characteristics, drug use patterns, and referrals made during the first 18 months of operation...
  50. ncbi Requiring help injecting independently predicts incident HIV infection among injection drug users
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 40:83-8. 2005
    ..79, 95% CI: 1.23-2.62) remained independent predictors of HIV seroconversion. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate the need for interventions to reduce the risk of HIV infection among IDUs who require help injecting...
  51. ncbi Sociodemographic disparities in access to addiction treatment among a cohort of Vancouver injection drug users
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Subst Use Misuse 40:1153-67. 2005
    ..These findings demonstrate low levels of addiction treatment among Vancouver IDUs and suggest that programs may need to be targeted towards specific populations with poor access...
  52. ncbi Injection drug users' perceptions regarding use of a medically supervised safer injecting facility
    Steven Petrar
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Addict Behav 32:1088-93. 2007
    ..This study was undertaken to explore injection drug users' experiences and opinions regarding North America's first SIF in Vancouver, Canada...
  53. ncbi Social and environmental predictors of plasma HIV RNA rebound among injection drug users treated with antiretroviral therapy
    M J Milloy
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 59:393-9. 2012
    ..Although studies have suggested higher rates of plasma viral load (PVL) rebound among IDU on antiretroviral therapy (ART), risk factors for rebound have not been thoroughly investigated...
  54. ncbi Offer of financial incentives for unprotected sex in the context of sex work
    Caitlin L Johnston
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Rev 29:144-9. 2010
    ..Commercial sex workers (CSW) are often portrayed as vectors of disease transmission. However, the role clients play in sexual risk taking and related decision making has not been thoroughly characterised...
  55. ncbi Circumstances of first crystal methamphetamine use and initiation of injection drug use among high-risk youth
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Rev 27:270-6. 2008
    ..Despite the widely noted increase in crystal methamphetamine (CM) use, there are few studies on circumstances of first CM use or correlates of use among high-risk populations (e.g. street-involved youth)...
  56. ncbi Effect of methadone treatment on incarceration rates among injection drug users
    Daniel Werb
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Pauls Hospital, Vancouver, B C, Canada
    Eur Addict Res 14:143-9. 2008
    ..However, questions remain concerning the effect of MMT in reducing rates of incarceration among IDU. We therefore sought to investigate the long-term effect of MMT on rates of incarceration...
  57. ncbi Prevalence and correlates of cervical cancer screening among injection drug users
    Bruce McKnight
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    J Obstet Gynaecol Can 28:695-9. 2006
    ..This is reassuring, given the elevated risk of cervical cancer among this population. Interventions may be required to improve uptake of screening among older injection drug users and drug users infected with hepatitis C...
  58. ncbi Drug-related risks among street youth in two neighborhoods in a Canadian setting
    Dan Werb
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, 608 1081 Burrard Avenue, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Health Place 16:1061-7. 2010
    ..These results demonstrate the importance of considering neighborhood variation when developing interventions aimed at reducing drug-related harms among street-involved youth at various levels of street entrenchment...
  59. ncbi A description of a peer-run supervised injection site for injection drug users
    Thomas Kerr
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    J Urban Health 82:267-75. 2005
    ..The SIS provided a sterile environment for injection drug use without measured negative consequences and demonstrated the feasibility of a peer-driven low-threshold SIS...
  60. ncbi Association of highly active antiretroviral therapy coverage, population viral load, and yearly new HIV diagnoses in British Columbia, Canada: a population-based study
    Julio S G Montaner
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Lancet 376:532-9. 2010
    ..We aimed to estimate the association between plasma HIV-1 viral load, HAART coverage, and number of new cases of HIV in the population of a Canadian province...
  61. ncbi Difficulty accessing syringes mediates the relationship between methamphetamine use and syringe sharing among young injection drug users
    Brandon D L Marshall
    Urban Health Research Initiative, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    AIDS Behav 15:1546-53. 2011
    ..Interventions to reduce syringe sharing among young methamphetamine injectors must address social and structural barriers to accessing HIV prevention programs...
  62. ncbi Rate of methadone use among Aboriginal opioid injection drug users
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC
    CMAJ 177:37-40. 2007
    ..We assessed the rate of methadone use in a cohort of opioid injection drug users in Vancouver and investigated whether methadone use was associated with Aboriginal ethnic background...
  63. ncbi Changes in Canadian heroin supply coinciding with the Australian heroin shortage
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Canada
    Addiction 101:689-95. 2006
    ....
  64. ncbi Severe food insecurity is associated with elevated unprotected sex among HIV-seropositive injection drug users independent of HAART use
    Kate Shannon
    BC Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
    AIDS 25:2037-42. 2011
    ..To our knowledge, this study is the first to longitudinally evaluate the relationship between food insecurity and unprotected sex among HIV-seropositive people who inject drugs [injection drug users (IDUs)] both on and not on HAART...
  65. ncbi Police and public health partnerships: evidence from the evaluation of Vancouver's supervised injection facility
    Kora deBeck
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, B, C, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 3:11. 2008
    ..Our study suggests that the SIF provides an opportunity to coordinate policing and public health efforts and thereby resolve some of the existing tensions between public order and health initiatives...
  66. ncbi Public injecting and HIV risk behaviour among street-involved youth
    Brandon D L Marshall
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Depend 110:254-8. 2010
    ....
  67. ncbi The potential public health and community impacts of safer injecting facilities: evidence from a cohort of injection drug users
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Center for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, British Columbia, Canada
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 32:2-8. 2003
    ..Although the impact of SIFs in North America can only be quantified by scientific evaluation, these data indicate a high potential for immediate community and public health benefits if SIFs were presently available...
  68. ncbi Requiring help injecting as a risk factor for HIV infection in the Vancouver epidemic: implications for HIV prevention
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver
    Can J Public Health 94:355-9. 2003
    ..This risk factor remains poorly understood. The present study investigates this risk factor among Vancouver IDUs...
  69. ncbi An external evaluation of a peer-run "unsanctioned" syringe exchange program
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada BC V6Z 1Y6
    J Urban Health 80:455-64. 2003
    ..The findings also suggest that other forms of syringe-exchange programs should consider the benefits of offering fixed site nighttime service...
  70. ncbi Nurse-delivered safer injection education among a cohort of injection drug users: evidence from the evaluation of Vancouver's supervised injection facility
    R Alan Wood
    University of British Columbia School of Nursing, T201 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5 Canada
    Int J Drug Policy 19:183-8. 2008
    ..We sought to characterize the state of nursing SIE practice in Vancouver and prospectively examine SIE among SIF users...
  71. ncbi The impact of incarceration upon adherence to HIV treatment among HIV-positive injection drug users: a qualitative study
    Will Small
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    AIDS Care 21:708-14. 2009
    ..We sought to qualitatively evaluate experiences with HAART among HIV-positive IDU who had been recently incarcerated within provincial prisons in British Columbia in order to identify factors influencing adherence to treatment...
  72. ncbi Physical violence among a prospective cohort of injection drug users: a gender-focused approach
    Brandon D L Marshall
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, and Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, Mather Building 5804 Fairview Avenue, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Depend 97:237-46. 2008
    ..These findings indicate an urgent need for the development of comprehensive programs and structural interventions that take a gender-focused approach to violence among IDU...
  73. ncbi Elevated syringe borrowing among men who have sex with men: a prospective study
    Brandon D L Marshall
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 46:248-52. 2007
    ..Given that few prospective studies have considered the relationship between sexual activity and syringe sharing, we sought to evaluate syringe sharing among male injection drug users (IDUs) who have sex with men (MSM) in Vancouver...
  74. ncbi Survival sex work and increased HIV risk among sexual minority street-involved youth
    Brandon D L Marshall
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 53:661-4. 2010
    ..We sought to determine if street-involved drug-using sexual minority youth are at greater risk for survival sex work and are more likely to engage in risk behaviors with clients...
  75. ncbi Methamphetamine injection independently predicts hepatitis C infection among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting
    Cari L Miller
    Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
    J Adolesc Health 44:302-4. 2009
    ..Implementing injection drug use prevention, evidence-based opioid substitution and crystal methamphetamine treatment programs for street-involved youth is critical...
  76. ncbi Coming 'down here': young people's reflections on becoming entrenched in a local drug scene
    Danya Fast
    Urban Health Research Initiative, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Soc Sci Med 69:1204-10. 2009
    ..Once initiation has occurred, the boundary between safety and risk quickly becomes difficult to navigate, and young people become highly vulnerable to numerous harms...
  77. ncbi Access to health and social services for IDU: the impact of a medically supervised injection facility
    Will Small
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    Drug Alcohol Rev 28:341-6. 2009
    ..This study sought to investigate IDU perspectives regarding the impact of supervised injection facility (SIF) use on access to health-care services...
  78. ncbi Impact of accessing methadone on the time to initiating HIV treatment among antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected injection drug users
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    AIDS 19:837-9. 2005
    ..7% among those who were on MMT at baseline and 44.4% among those not on MMT (log-rank P = 0.001). In a Cox model, the use of MMT was independently associated with an elevated rate of ART use...
  79. ncbi Increasing use and associated harms of crystal methamphetamine injection in a Canadian setting
    Nadia Fairbairn
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Drug Alcohol Depend 88:313-6. 2007
    ..We evaluated the trends in crystal methamphetamine injection and factors associated with injection of the drug among a cohort of injection drug users (IDU) in Vancouver...
  80. ncbi High rates of homelessness among a cohort of street-involved youth
    Beth S Rachlis
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Health Place 15:10-7. 2009
    ..Homeless individuals were at-risk for various adverse health outcomes. These findings indicate the need for additional interventions, including residential addiction treatment, to address homelessness and drug use among youth...
  81. ncbi Social and structural determinants of HAART access and adherence among injection drug users
    Andrea Krusi
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada
    Int J Drug Policy 21:4-9. 2010
    ....
  82. ncbi Drug and HIV-related risk behaviors after geographic migration among a cohort of injection drug users
    Beth S Rachlis
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6Z 1Y6
    AIDS Behav 14:854-61. 2010
    ..Our findings suggest that, in this setting, risk-taking among IDU declines following periods of migration out of Greater Vancouver...
  83. ncbi Seeking refuge from violence in street-based drug scenes: women's experiences in North America's first supervised injection facility
    Nadia Fairbairn
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Urban Health Research Initiative, St Paul s Hospital, 608 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    Soc Sci Med 67:817-23. 2008
    ..Although this micro-environmental intervention serves to reduce risks common among women who inject drugs, additional interventions that address the structural forces producing and shaping violence and other risks are needed...
  84. ncbi Pharmacokinetic interactions between HIV antiretroviral therapy and drugs used to treat opioid dependence
    Benjamin Maas
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2:533-43. 2006
    ..This review was undertaken to summarise current knowledge on the interactions between the opioids and antiretrovirals and to make recommendations on the treatment of HIV-positive opioid-dependent patients...
  85. ncbi Cognitive factors and willingness to participate in an HIV vaccine trial among HIV-negative injection drug users
    Shayesta Dhalla
    School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    Vaccine 28:1663-7. 2010
    ..68-7.18) and a higher educational level (>or=high school) (AOR=1.96, 95% CI=1.07-3.59) were positively related to WTP. This study provides information on WTP for an HIV vaccine trial. Limitations and future directions are also discussed...
  86. ncbi An integrated supervised injecting program within a care facility for HIV-positive individuals: a qualitative evaluation
    Andrea Krusi
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
    AIDS Care 21:638-44. 2009
    ....
  87. ncbi Neighborhood and HIV infection among IDU: place of residence independently predicts HIV infection among a cohort of injection drug users
    Benjamin Maas
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Canada
    Health Place 13:432-9. 2007
    ..The findings also mark a need for prevention interventions to be appropriately targeted towards high-risk neighborhoods...
  88. ncbi Risk profile of individuals who provide assistance with illicit drug injections
    Nadia Fairbairn
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 1Y6
    Drug Alcohol Depend 82:41-6. 2006
    ..These findings indicate the need for interventions that offset the risks associated with this dangerous practice...
  89. ncbi Determinants of cutaneous injection-related infection care at a supervised injecting facility
    Elisa Lloyd-Smith
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
    Ann Epidemiol 19:404-9. 2009
    ..To evaluate the factors associated with receiving cutaneous injection-related infection (CIRI) care among a representative cohort of supervised injecting facility (SIF) users...
  90. ncbi Factors associated with public injecting among users of Vancouver's supervised injection facility
    Ian McKnight
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 33:319-25. 2007
    ..We evaluated factors associated with public drug injection among a cohort of injection drug users (SEOSI) originally recruited from within Vancouver's supervised injecting facility (SIF)...
  91. ncbi Inability to access addiction treatment and risk of HIV infection among injection drug users
    Evan Wood
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver and Department of Health Care and Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 36:750-4. 2004
    ....
  92. ncbi Methadone maintenance therapy promotes initiation of antiretroviral therapy among injection drug users
    Sasha Uhlmann
    British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, St Paul s Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
    Addiction 105:907-13. 2010
    ..We examined whether methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) increased initiation and adherence to ART among an IDU population with free health care...
  93. ncbi Barriers and facilitators to methadone maintenance therapy use among illicit opiate injection drug users in Vancouver
    Cody Callon
    British Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    J Opioid Manag 2:35-41. 2006
    ..These findings indicate the need for additional interventions aimed at maximizing coverage of MMT and other treatments for opiate-addicted individuals...
  94. ncbi Drug policy in Canada--the way forward
    Thomas Kerr
    Can HIV AIDS Policy Law Rev 7:1, 27-32. 2002
    ....
  95. ncbi Impact of HAART and injection drug use on life expectancy of two HIV-positive cohorts in British Columbia
    Elisa Lloyd-Smith
    Department of Health Care and Epidemiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    AIDS 20:445-50. 2006
    ..Members of the injection drug community, particularly those who are not taking HAART, experience elevated mortality in comparison with those without a history of drug use...
  96. ncbi Potential use of safer injecting facilities among injection drug users in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside
    Thomas Kerr
    Canadian HIV AIDS Legal Network, Montreal, Que
    CMAJ 169:759-63. 2003
    ....
  97. ncbi Harm reduction, HIV/AIDS, and the human rights challenge to global drug control policy
    Richard Elliott
    Canadian HIV AIDS Legal Network
    Health Hum Rights 8:104-38. 2005
    ..This article brings together public health evidence and legal analysis as a contribution toward changing the global drug control regime to a more health-friendly, human rights-based system...
  98. ncbi Drug use settings: an emerging focus for research and intervention
    Thomas Kerr
    Int J Drug Policy 18:1-4. 2007
  99. ncbi The impact of a police presence on access to needle exchange programs
    Evan Wood
    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 34:116-8. 2003
  100. ncbi A longitudinal investigation into excess risk for blood-borne infection among young injection drug users (IUDs)
    Cari L Miller
    University of California at San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
    Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 33:527-36. 2007
    ..These factors underscore the need to target this age group and develop youth friendly interventions to minimize drug-related harms...
  101. ncbi Associations between childhood maltreatment and sex work in a cohort of drug-using youth
    Jo Anne Madeleine Stoltz
    BC Centre for Excellence in HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC Canada
    Soc Sci Med 65:1214-21. 2007
    ..These findings have implications for early intervention efforts aimed at vulnerable, high-risk youth populations as well as intervention strategies for active sex trade workers...