Lutein and zeaxanthin dietary supplements raise macular pigment density and serum concentrations of these carotenoids in humansRichard A Bone
Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami 33199, USA
J Nutr 133:992-8. 2003
..21). The mean rate of increase was (3.42 +/- 0.80) x 10(5) mAU/d per unit concentration (mol/L) of carotenoids in the serum. It remains to be demonstrated whether lutein or zeaxanthin dietary supplements reduce the incidence of AMD...
Macular pigment and the edge hypothesis of flicker photometryRichard A Bone
Department of Physics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
Vision Res 44:3045-51. 2004
..Similar results were obtained using a 1 degrees stimulus. Thus the edge hypothesis is inconsistent with our data. We suggest that involuntary eye movements may be responsible for an apparent edge effect...
Light distributions on the retina: relevance to macular pigment photoprotectionRichard A Bone
Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, USA
Acta Biochim Pol 59:91-6. 2012
..In these situations, risk of AMD could be increased but, at the same time, mitigated by the presence of macular carotenoids...
Heterochromatic flicker photometryRichard A Bone
Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami 33199, USA
Arch Biochem Biophys 430:137-42. 2004
..The distribution of MPOD in the retina can be determined with HFP using a series of annular stimuli of different diameters...
Macular pigment, photopigments, and melanin: distributions in young subjects determined by four-wavelength reflectometryRichard A Bone
Department of Physics, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
Vision Res 47:3259-68. 2007
..Cone photopigments, like MP, showed similar, well-defined peaks at the fovea, whereas rod photopigment showed a minimum. Melanin was more broadly distributed...
Dose-dependent response of serum lutein and macular pigment optical density to supplementation with lutein estersRichard A Bone
Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
Arch Biochem Biophys 504:50-5. 2010
..We did not detect any significant influence of age on serum lutein uptake or MPOD response...
Biologic mechanisms of the protective role of lutein and zeaxanthin in the eyeNorman I Krinsky
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine and the USDA Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 1837, USA
Annu Rev Nutr 23:171-201. 2003
..Although increasing the intake of lutein or zeaxanthin might prove to be protective against the development of age-related macular degeneration, a causative relationship has yet to be experimentally demonstrated...
Dose-ranging study of lutein supplementation in persons aged 60 years or olderJulie M Rosenthal
Clinical Trials Branch, Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47:5227-33. 2006
..A long-term large clinical trial is necessary to investigate the safety and efficacy of lutein in reducing the risk of the development of advanced AMD...