Diabetes: a cardiac condition manifesting as hyperglycemiaDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
Endocr Pract 14:924-32. 2008
..To investigate the reasons for the increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus...
Combine and conquer: advantages and disadvantages of fixed-dose combination therapyD S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology, University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, AL, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 15:291-300. 2013
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Focusing on cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus: an introduction to bromocriptine QRDavid S Bell
Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
Postgrad Med 124:121-35. 2012
..Therefore, bromocriptine quick release increases the range of options available to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without increasing cardiovascular risk...
Beware the low urine pH--the major cause of the increased prevalence of nephrolithiasis in the patient with type 2 diabetesD S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology, University of Alabama Medical School, 1020 26th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 14:299-303. 2012
..Prevention of nephrolithiasis can be achieved in susceptible individuals either by alkalizing the urine and/or by further decreasing the uric acid content of the urine with a xanthine oxidase inhibitor such as allopurinol...
Heart failure in the diabetic patientDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, AL, USA
Cardiol Clin 25:523-38; vi. 2007
..Also reviewed are the therapies that are available for the treatment of diabetic HF and whether intensifying the use of these therapies might improve the worsened clinical outcomes for the patient who has diabetes...
Successful utilization of aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor in Bartter syndromeDavid S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
South Med J 102:413-5. 2009
..This case report is, to my knowledge, the first to show the efficacy of a renin receptor blocker in Bartter syndrome...
Treatment of diabetic hypertensionDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama Medical School and Southside Endocrinology, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 11:433-44. 2009
..In this review article, the benefits and disadvantages of the different antihypertensive therapies in the diabetic patient are discussed...
Hypertension and diabetes: a toxic combinationDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
Endocr Pract 14:1031-9. 2008
..To assess the relationship of diabetes and hypertension and the effect on cardiovascular outcomes...
Insulin therapy in diabetes mellitus: how can the currently available injectable insulins be most prudently and efficaciously utilised?David S H Bell
University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Drugs 67:1813-27. 2007
..In addition, maximisation of glycaemic control will result in prevention, delay of onset or amelioration of both the microvascular and perhaps the macrovascular complications of diabetes...
Peyronie disease in association with carvedilol: a case reportDavid S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
South Med J 101:1157-8. 2008
..However, in this case the protective properties of carvedilol, like vasodilation and the anti-inflammatory effect, may not be sufficient to overcome its vasoconstricting beta adrenergic receptor blockade...
Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on serum lipid concentration in diabetic hypertensive patientsD S H Bell
The University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 11:234-8. 2009
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Triple oral therapy for type 2 diabetesDavid S H Bell
Diabetes Res Clin Pract 78:313-5. 2007
Resolution of statin-induced myalgias by correcting vitamin D deficiencyDavid S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology and University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, AL, USA
South Med J 103:690-2. 2010
..This case report presents a case where cardioprotective lipid levels were achieved with a powerful statin only after correction of vitamin D deficiency...
Postprandial dysmetabolism: the missing link between diabetes and cardiovascular events?David S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology, Birmingham, Alabama 35205, USA
Endocr Pract 14:112-24. 2008
..To investigate the association of postprandial dysmetabolism, ie, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia with myocardial disease in diabetic, glucose-intolerant, and glucose-tolerant patients...
Treatment of type 2 diabetes. Use of fixed-dose oral combinationsDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, USA
Postgrad Med 119:8-14. 2006
Treatment of type 2 diabetes. The addition of injection therapyDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, USA
Postgrad Med 119:15-20. 2006
Protean manifestations of vitamin D deficiency, part 1: the epidemic of deficiencyDavid S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology, University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, AL, USA
South Med J 104:331-4. 2011
..While vitamin D deficiency is classically associated with rickets and osteomalacia, its effects are much more protean...
Why does quick-release bromocriptine decrease cardiac events?D S H Bell
University of Alabama Birmingham, Southside Endocrinology, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 13:880-4. 2011
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Triple oral fixed-dose diabetes polypill versus insulin plus metformin efficacy demonstration study in the treatment of advanced type 2 diabetes (TrIED study-II)D S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology, University of Alabama Medical School, 1020 26th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 13:800-5. 2011
..Global assessments by investigators and subjects showed both a greater efficacy and tolerability with GMP...
Metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as a peripheral neuropathyDavid S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology and Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
South Med J 103:265-7. 2010
..To my knowledge, this is the first report of metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency causing neuropathy...
Therapies for diabetic dyslipidaemiaD S H Bell
Department of Endocrinology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 13:313-25. 2011
..Fibrates may also be of use in diabetic patients with persistently elevated triglycerides and depressed HDL-C levels, although their role in lowering adverse CV events is questionable...
Long-term glycaemic efficacy and weight changes associated with thiazolidinediones when added at an advanced stage of type 2 diabetesD S H Bell
The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 8:110-5. 2006
..To describe the outcome of 35 patients with type 2 diabetes prospectively followed for 6 years after the addition of a thiazolidinedione (TZD) to a failing regimen of a sulphonylurea and metformin -- triple oral therapy...
Outcomes of initiation of therapy with once-daily combination of a thiazolidinedione and a biguanide at an early stage of type 2 diabetesD S H Bell
The University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, AL, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 6:363-6. 2004
..Utilization of the biguanide metformin and a thiazolidinedione (TZD) with new onset diabetes has the benefit of lowering A1cs into the normal range without the problem of severe hypoglycaemia...
Insulin as initial therapy for type 2 diabetes is not in the patient's best interestDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
Endocr Pract 10:208-12. 2004
Type 2 diabetes mellitus: what is the optimal treatment regimen?David S H Bell
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
Am J Med 116:23S-29S. 2004
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Clinical evidence of thiazolidinedione-induced improvement of pancreatic beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusF Ovalle
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 4:56-9. 2002
..7, p = 0.04), caught up to its level during treatment (3.1 +/- 0.3 vs. 3.4 +/- 0.3, p = 0.48). CONCLUSION: Thiazolidinediones seem to induce recovery of pancreatic beta cell function, independently of the correction of glucose toxicity...
Long-term efficacy of triple oral therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitusDavid S H Bell
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
Endocr Pract 8:271-5. 2002
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A comparison of agents used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus: need for reappraisal of traditional approachesDavid S H Bell
School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Treat Endocrinol 3:67-76. 2004
..Furthermore, early use of an insulin-sensitizing agent either alone or incombination is expected to improve both acute and long-term outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes...
Why I initiate therapy with two insulin sensitizers in patients with type 2 diabetesDavid S H Bell
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
Endocr Pract 9:98-101. 2003
The effect of carvedilol on mortality risk in heart failure patients with diabetes: results of a meta-analysisDavid S H Bell
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
Curr Med Res Opin 22:287-96. 2006
..However, some trial results indicate that carvedilol, which blocks beta1-, beta2-, and alpha1-receptors and is a potent antioxidant, may produce at least comparable effects in both patient groups...
Rediscovering bile acid sequestrantsD S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology and University of Alabama Medical School Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 11:1114-21. 2009
..The increased risk of new-onset diabetes was in keeping with a recent meta-analysis which suggested that statins, with the possible exception of pravastatin, marginally increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes...
Advantages of a third-generation beta-blocker in patients with diabetes mellitusDavid S H Bell
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
Am J Cardiol 93:49B-52B. 2004
..However, carvedilol, a nonselective beta-blocker with vasodilating and insulin-sensitizing properties, can largely circumvent these problems and is the ideal beta-blocker for the patient with diabetes...
Effect of rosiglitazone versus insulin on the pancreatic beta-cell function of subjects with type 2 diabetesFernando Ovalle
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Diabetes Care 27:2585-9. 2004
..This improvement was independent of the correction of glucotoxicity...
Lipoprotein effects of different thiazolidinediones in clinical practiceFernando Ovalle
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of, Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Endocr Pract 8:406-10. 2002
..Overall, the changes in lipoprotein profile induced by rosiglitazone therapy seem to have less atherogenic potential than those resulting from the use of troglitazone...
Practical considerations and guidelines for dosing sulfonylureas as monotherapy or combination therapyDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama Medical School, Faculty Office Towers, 510 20th Street South, Room 702, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
Clin Ther 26:1714-27. 2004
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Beneficial effects resulting from thiazolidinediones for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitusDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Birmingham, USA
Postgrad Med . 2003
..TZDs can be used safely in renally impaired patients with diabetes, and hepatotoxicity has not been a problem with second-generation TZDs, making these agents both safe and effective in the treatment of type 2 diabetes...
Optimizing treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular disease with combined alpha,beta-blockadeDavid S H Bell
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
Curr Med Res Opin 21:1191-200. 2005
..Despite this benefit of beta-blockers, physicians have been reluctant to use them in patients with diabetes, in whom they are even more effective, because of the negative effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism...
Beta-cell rejuvenation with thiazolidinedionesDavid S H Bell
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
Am J Med 115:20S-23S. 2003
..This apparent ability of TZDs to rejuvenate beta-cells, in addition to improving insulin resistance and glycemic control, is a compelling reason to use these agents as initial therapy for type 2 diabetes...
The multifaceted associations of hepatobiliary disease and diabetesDavid S H Bell
Southside Endocrinology, Birmingham, Alabama 35205, USA
Endocr Pract 13:300-12. 2007
..To investigate the association of diabetes and hepatobiliary disease...
Advances in diabetes for the millennium: the heart and diabetesDavid S H Bell
University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, USA
MedGenMed 6:7. 2004
..Antidiabetic agents that target insulin resistance may be more cardioprotective than those that primarily augment insulin secretion...
Effect of thiazolidinediones on high-density lipoprotein subfractionsFernando Ovalle
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
Endocr Pract 8:102-4. 2002
..CONCLUSION: The TZD-induced increase in total HDL levels in our patients was entirely attributable to an increase in the HDL3 subfraction...
Diabetic cardiomyopathyT Brooks Vaughan
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
Heart Fail Clin 2:71-80. 2006
Do sulfonylurea drugs increase the risk of cardiac events?David S H Bell
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala, USA
CMAJ 174:185-6. 2006
The role of C-peptide levels in screening for latent autoimmune diabetes in adultsDavid S H Bell
The University of Alabama School of Medicine, Faculty Office Tower, Room 702, 510 South 20th Street, Birmingham, AL 35294 3407, USA
Am J Ther 11:308-11. 2004
..The more expensive testing for anti-GAD antibodies to definitively diagnose LADA should be reserved for patients who on screening have a low or normal random C-peptide level...
'Dead in bed syndrome--a hypothesis'David S H Bell
The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA
Diabetes Obes Metab 8:261-3. 2006
Strategies for optimizing glycemic control and cardiovascular prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusJames H O'Keefe
Mid America Heart and Vascular Institute and University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
Mayo Clin Proc 86:128-38. 2011
..We conducted a systematic review of English articles using MEDLINE and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (1970-2010) using the following search terms: cardiovascular disease, randomized trials, hypoglycemia, and insulin resistance...
Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia precipitated by weight lossMaria S Prelipcean
University of Alabama Medical School, Birmingham, AL, USA
South Med J 98:726-8. 2005
..Voluntary weight loss, by lowering insulin resistance, accelerates the time to clinical presentation of an asymptomatic insulinoma...
Constructing an algorithm for managing type 2 diabetes. Focus on role of the thiazolidinedionesKathleen L Wyne
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390 8857, USA
Postgrad Med . 2003
..Notably, decreasing insulin resistance also may reduce the incidence of adverse atherosclerotic consequences...
Unilateral edema due to a thiazolidinedioneDavid S H Bell
Diabetes Care 26:2700. 2003
Efficacy of conversion from bedtime NPH insulin injection to once- or twice-daily injections of insulin glargine in type 1 diabetic patients using basal/bolus therapyEric S Albright
Diabetes Care 27:632-3. 2004
Thiazolidinedione-associated congestive heart failure and pulmonary edemaDavid S H Bell
Mayo Clin Proc 79:572; author reply 575-7. 2004
Letter by Bell and O'keefe regarding article, "Use of alternative thresholds defining insulin resistance to predict incident type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease"David S H Bell
Circulation 118:e156; author reply e157. 2008
Treatment of heart failure in patients with diabetes: clinical updateDavid S H Bell
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, USA
Ethn Dis 12:S1-12-8. 2002
..There is evidence that glycemic control is also important in improving clinical outcomes. The adverse effects of beta-blockade on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and vasoconstriction may be circumvented by the use of carvedilol...
The rationale and design of the Glycemic Effects in Diabetes Mellitus Carvedilol-Metoprolol Comparison in Hypertensives (GEMINI) trialGeorge L Bakris
Rush Hypertension Center, Rush Medical Center, Suite 470, 1700 W Van Buren, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
J Diabetes Complications 19:74-9. 2005
..The GEMINI trial, therefore, is the first large randomized trial to assess whether utilizing a third-generation beta-blocker yields a favorable metabolic profile in the patient with Type 2 diabetes and hypertension...
Current status of diabetes treatmentDavid S H Bell
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
South Med J 95:24-9. 2002
Lowering blood pressure with beta-blockers in combination with other renin-angiotensin system blockers in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes: results from the GEMINI TrialJackson T Wright
Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 9:842-9. 2007
..The use of carvedilol compared with metoprolol did not effect glycemic control...
Insulin resistance and thrombogenesis: recent insights and therapeutic implicationsHisham A Baalbaki
Heart Health Center PC, Florence, Alabama 35631, USA
Endocr Pract 13:679-86. 2007
..To review the relationship between insulin resistance and thrombogenesis, especially in the context of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and to discuss therapeutic implications...
Stockpiling of ovarian follicles and the response to rosiglitazoneTom Brooks Vaughan
Diabetes Care 28:2333-4. 2005
Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metoprolol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: a randomized controlled trialGeorge L Bakris
Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill, USA
JAMA 292:2227-36. 2004
..The effects of the 2 beta-blockers on clinical outcomes need to be compared in long-term clinical trials...
Postprandial hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia (postprandial dysmetabolism) is a cardiovascular risk factorJames H O'Keefe
University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
Am J Cardiol 100:899-904. 2007
..Diet, exercise, and various pharmacologic agents can improve postprandial dysmetabolism. Using these strategies may help improve the prognosis for patients with diabetes mellitus and/or coronary heart disease...
A comparison of lipid and glycemic effects of pioglitazone and rosiglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia: response to Goldberg et alDavid S H Bell
Diabetes Care 28:2983-4; author reply 2985-6. 2005
The decrease in microalbuminuria with carvedilol therapy is not enhanced by concurrent use of a statinDavid S H Bell
Endocr Pract 13:808-9. 2007
Heart failure: the frequent, forgotten, and often fatal complication of diabetesDavid S H Bell
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
Diabetes Care 26:2433-41. 2003
..Prophylactic utilization of ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers to avoid, rather than await, the need to treat HF should be considered in high-risk diabetic patients...
Maximally utilizing the available agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetesDavid S H Bell
Clin Med Res 1:173-4. 2003
Differential effects of beta-blockers on albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetesGeorge L Bakris
Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Hypertension 46:1309-15. 2005
..These differences cannot be explained by effects on blood pressure or alpha1-antagonism but may relate to antioxidant properties of carvedilol...
The effectiveness of beta-blockers after myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetesDavid S H Bell
Diabetes Care 29:483; author reply 483-4. 2006
Anemia and the role of erythropoietin in diabetesJanet B McGill
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
J Diabetes Complications 20:262-72. 2006
..Promptly diagnosing and treating anemia in patients with diabetes may result in an improved quality of life and decreased morbidity and mortality...
Diabetic cardiomyopathyDavid S H Bell
Diabetes Care 26:2949-51. 2003
Statin neuropathy masquerading as diabetic autoimmune polyneuropathyTom Brooks Vaughan
Diabetes Care 28:2082. 2005
Functional class in patients with heart failure is associated with the development of diabetesDavid S H Bell
Am J Med 115:412; author reply 412. 2003
Treatment of infertility in the polycystic ovary syndromeDavid S H Bell
N Engl J Med 356:1999-2000; author reply 2000-1. 2007
C-reactive protein and glycemic control in adults with diabetes: response to King et alDavid S H Bell
Diabetes Care 27:637; author reply 637-8. 2004
Body weight changes with beta-blocker use: results from GEMINIFranz H Messerli
St Luke s Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York City, NY 10019, USA
Am J Med 120:610-5. 2007
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Chronic complications of diabetesDavid S H Bell
Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA
South Med J 95:30-4. 2002