E Quertemont

..McBride, Zachary A. Rodd, Avram Goldstein, Alejandro Zaffaroni and Ting-Kai Li; and (5) Acetaldehyde increases dopaminergic transmission in the limbic system, by Milena Pisano and Marco Diana...

..Rodd and Richard R. Bell; (4) Molecular and biochemical changes associated with acetaldehyde in human alcoholism and alcohol abuse, by C. J. Peter Eriksson...

..Finally, we review current evidence about the central mechanisms of action of acetaldehyde...

..However, the peripheral effects of acetaldehyde might also be dependent upon its peak blood concentrations and its rate of accumulation, with a narrow range of blood acetaldehyde concentrations being reinforcing...

..Acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, was recently suggested to contribute to many behavioral effects of ethanol, although few studies have directly investigated the behavioral effects of acetaldehyde itself...

..Acetaldehyde up to toxic doses did not substitute for the ethanol discriminative stimulus in the DTA protocol, when non-specific effects were carefully controlled...

..Ethanol-induced cell swelling probably activates volume-sensitive channels, and taurine passively diffuses outside the cells along its concentration gradient...

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..Together, the results of the present study indicate that acetaldehyde is not involved in ethanol-induced anxiolytic effects, although it may be involved in its sedative/hypolocomotor effects...

..The present study clearly shows that systemic acetaldehyde injections induced significant stimulus preferences. This suggests that acetaldehyde may be, at least in part, responsible for the reinforcing effects of alcohol intake...

..The present study argues against a role for brain acetaldehyde in ethanol's aversive effects but in favor of its involvement in ethanol rewarding properties...

..Additionally, the present study shows that the stimulant properties of acetaldehyde, even after direct infusion into the brain, are not as obvious as previously speculated...

..e. positive modulation of GABA(A) receptor, that mediate its discriminative stimulus effects...

..Current evidence suggests that the contribution of acetaldehyde to alcohol's effects is best explained by a process in which acetaldehyde modulates, rather than mediates, some of alcohol's effects...

..Acamprosate was recently suggested to reduce the effects of environmental stimuli previously associated with ethanol administrations. This action is believed to contribute to the clinical benefits of acamprosate treatment in alcoholics...

..It is concluded that in vivo the effects of cyanamide are predominantly due to the inhibition of the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, rather than to its effects on catalase...

..Repeated administrations of ethanol induce a progressive and enduring increase in its locomotor stimulant effects, a phenomenon termed behavioral sensitization that has not been systematically characterized...

..The present study examined the involvement of the histaminergic system in these effects of thioperamide in mice...

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..If histamine actually plays an inhibitory role in reward, then it would be expected that mice lacking histamine would be more sensitive to the behavioral effects of cocaine...

..Our results strongly suggest that H3 antagonists potentiate the stimulant and reinforcing effects of cocaine in mice...

..The relationships between locomotor response to novelty and both cocaine-induced stimulant and rewarding effects can be differentially affected by the dose in inbred C57BL/6J mice...

..The aim of the present study is to better understand the hypothermic effects of acetaldehyde and the possible contribution of acetaldehyde in ethanol-induced hypothermia, especially under conditions leading to acetaldehyde accumulation...

..These data suggest that qualitatively different stimulus effects of ethanol reflect both different ranges of BrEC, as well as within dose acute tolerance to the discriminative stimulus effects...

..Such an effect remains unexplained but suggests that discrepancies between the results of previous microdialysate studies may be related to differences in the ethanol sensitivities of various rat strains...

..Together these results suggest that acetaldehyde does not mediate the discriminative stimulus effects of 1.0 to 2.0 g/kg ethanol...

..Overall, these results demonstrate that cocaine-induced place preference is a long lasting phenomenon that is strongly affected by the number of drug-pairing trials...

..These new drugs in the field of alcohol pharmacotherapy are also discussed, together with their mechanisms of action...

..Our results also suggest that the inhibition of brain catalase activity may contribute to the potentiating effects of cyanamide on ethanol-induced CTA...