Melanie Boly

Summary

Country: Belgium

Publications

  1. ncbi Modes and models in disorders of consciousness science
    M Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liege, Belgium
    Arch Ital Biol 150:172-84. 2012
  2. ncbi Functional connectivity in the default network during resting state is preserved in a vegetative but not in a brain dead patient
    M Boly
    Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Hum Brain Mapp 30:2393-400. 2009
  3. ncbi Intrinsic brain activity in altered states of consciousness: how conscious is the default mode of brain function?
    M Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:119-29. 2008
  4. ncbi Consciousness and cerebral baseline activity fluctuations
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Hum Brain Mapp 29:868-74. 2008
  5. ncbi Theoretical approaches to the diagnosis of altered states of consciousness
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center and Neurology Department, University of Liege, CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, Liege, Belgium
    Prog Brain Res 177:383-98. 2009
  6. ncbi Baseline brain activity fluctuations predict somatosensory perception in humans
    M Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, B30, Allee du 6 Aout, Sart Tilman, University of Liege, B 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:12187-92. 2007
  7. ncbi When thoughts become action: an fMRI paradigm to study volitional brain activity in non-communicative brain injured patients
    M Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, B30, Allee du 6 Aout, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Neuroimage 36:979-92. 2007
  8. ncbi Detecting consciousness in a total locked-in syndrome: an active event-related paradigm
    Caroline Schnakers
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, Sart Tilman, B30, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Neurocase 15:271-7. 2009
  9. ncbi Cerebral processing of auditory and noxious stimuli in severely brain injured patients: differences between VS and MCS
    Melanie Boly
    University of Liege, Belgium
    Neuropsychol Rehabil 15:283-9. 2005
  10. ncbi Connectivity changes underlying spectral EEG changes during propofol-induced loss of consciousness
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liège and Sart Tilman Hospital, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    J Neurosci 32:7082-90. 2012

Detail Information

Publications71

  1. ncbi Modes and models in disorders of consciousness science
    M Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liege, Belgium
    Arch Ital Biol 150:172-84. 2012
    ..We then review the current main theories of consciousness and see how they can apply in this context. Finally, we discuss some avenues for future research in this domain...
  2. ncbi Functional connectivity in the default network during resting state is preserved in a vegetative but not in a brain dead patient
    M Boly
    Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Hum Brain Mapp 30:2393-400. 2009
    ..Future studies are needed to give a full characterization of default network connectivity in the VS patients population...
  3. ncbi Intrinsic brain activity in altered states of consciousness: how conscious is the default mode of brain function?
    M Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Ann N Y Acad Sci 1129:119-29. 2008
    ....
  4. ncbi Consciousness and cerebral baseline activity fluctuations
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Hum Brain Mapp 29:868-74. 2008
    ..We place these findings in light of recent findings on the architecture of spontaneous BOLD fluctuations in the awake human brain, and discuss the possible origins of the observed baseline brain activity fluctuations...
  5. ncbi Theoretical approaches to the diagnosis of altered states of consciousness
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center and Neurology Department, University of Liege, CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, Liege, Belgium
    Prog Brain Res 177:383-98. 2009
    ..Nevertheless, we argue that some of the predictions of the theory are potentially testable using available imaging techniques...
  6. ncbi Baseline brain activity fluctuations predict somatosensory perception in humans
    M Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, B30, Allee du 6 Aout, Sart Tilman, University of Liege, B 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:12187-92. 2007
    ..These results suggest that baseline brain-activity fluctuations may profoundly modify our conscious perception of the external world...
  7. ncbi When thoughts become action: an fMRI paradigm to study volitional brain activity in non-communicative brain injured patients
    M Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, B30, Allee du 6 Aout, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Neuroimage 36:979-92. 2007
    ..Science 313, 1402] strongly suggest that this paradigm may provide a method for assessing the presence of volitional brain activity, and thus of consciousness, in non-communicative brain-injured patients...
  8. ncbi Detecting consciousness in a total locked-in syndrome: an active event-related paradigm
    Caroline Schnakers
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, Sart Tilman, B30, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Neurocase 15:271-7. 2009
    ..This study shows that our active event-related paradigm allowed to identify voluntary brain activity in a patient who would behaviorally be diagnosed as comatose...
  9. ncbi Cerebral processing of auditory and noxious stimuli in severely brain injured patients: differences between VS and MCS
    Melanie Boly
    University of Liege, Belgium
    Neuropsychol Rehabil 15:283-9. 2005
    ..However, in the absence of a generally accepted neural correlate of consciousness as measured by functional neuroimaging, clinical assessment remains the gold standard for the evaluation and management of severely brain damaged patients...
  10. ncbi Connectivity changes underlying spectral EEG changes during propofol-induced loss of consciousness
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liège and Sart Tilman Hospital, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    J Neurosci 32:7082-90. 2012
    ..These results emphasize the importance of recurrent corticocortical communication in the maintenance of consciousness and suggest a direct effect of propofol on cortical dynamics...
  11. ncbi Visual fixation in the vegetative state: an observational case series PET study
    Marie Aurelie Bruno
    Coma Science Group and Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    BMC Neurol 10:35. 2010
    ..e., represents "automatic" subcortical processing) or is a sufficient sign of consciousness and higher order cortical processing...
  12. ncbi Perception of pain in the minimally conscious state with PET activation: an observational study
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Belgium
    Lancet Neurol 7:1013-20. 2008
    ..Therefore, better understanding of cerebral noxious processing in these patients is of clinical, therapeutic, and ethical relevance...
  13. ncbi Auditory processing in severely brain injured patients: differences between the minimally conscious state and the persistent vegetative state
    Melanie Boly
    Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Arch Neurol 61:233-8. 2004
    ..The minimally conscious state (MCS) is a recently defined clinical condition; it differs from the persistent vegetative state (PVS) by the presence of inconsistent, but clearly discernible, behavioral evidence of consciousness...
  14. ncbi A French validation study of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R)
    Caroline Schnakers
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Brain Inj 22:786-92. 2008
    ....
  15. ncbi Preserved feedforward but impaired top-down processes in the vegetative state
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liège and CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Science 332:858-62. 2011
    ..This result emphasizes the importance of top-down projections in recurrent processing that involve high-order associative cortices for conscious perception...
  16. ncbi Metabolic activity in external and internal awareness networks in severely brain-damaged patients
    Aurore Thibaut
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    J Rehabil Med 44:487-94. 2012
    ..This study measured brain metabolism in both networks in patients with severe brain damage...
  17. ncbi [Neuroimaging technique: a diagnostic tool to detect altered states of consciousness]
    Marie Thonnard
    Coma Science Group, Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron, Université et Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Sart Tilman, B30, 4000 Liege, Belgique
    Med Sci (Paris) 27:77-81. 2011
    ..The implementation of these methods in clinical routine could permit to reduce the current high rate of misdiagnosis (40%)...
  18. ncbi Neural precursors of delayed insight
    Annabelle Darsaud
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Belgium
    J Cogn Neurosci 23:1900-10. 2011
    ..After insight, a distributed set of parietal and frontal areas is recruited among which information concerning the hidden rule can be shared in a so-called global workspace...
  19. ncbi Reaching across the abyss: recent advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging and their potential relevance to disorders of consciousness
    Andrea Soddu
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Belgium
    Prog Brain Res 177:261-74. 2009
    ..In particular, we discuss the potential provided by assessment of these slow spontaneous BOLD fluctuations as a novel tool in assessing the cognitive state and chances of recovery from brain pathologies underlying DOCs...
  20. ncbi Interplay between spontaneous and induced brain activity during human non-rapid eye movement sleep
    Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, B 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108:15438-43. 2011
    ..The distortion of sensory information at the thalamic level, especially during spindles, functionally isolates the cortex from the environment and might provide unique conditions favorable for off-line memory processing...
  21. ncbi Default network connectivity reflects the level of consciousness in non-communicative brain-damaged patients
    Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Allee du 6 Aout, B30, Liege, Belgium
    Brain 133:161-71. 2010
    ..Future prospective studies in a larger patient population are needed in order to evaluate the prognostic value of the presented methodology...
  22. ncbi Spontaneous neural activity during human slow wave sleep
    Thien Thanh Dang-Vu
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, B4000 Liege, Belgium
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:15160-5. 2008
    ....
  23. ncbi Is there anybody in there? Detecting awareness in disorders of consciousness
    Athena Demertzi
    Coma Science Group, Neurology Department, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Expert Rev Neurother 8:1719-30. 2008
    ....
  24. ncbi The Nociception Coma Scale: a new tool to assess nociception in disorders of consciousness
    Caroline Schnakers
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Sart Tilman, Liege, Belgium
    Pain 148:215-9. 2010
    ..e., VS or MCS). The NCS constitutes a sensitive clinical tool for assessing nociception in severely brain-injured patients. This scale constitutes the first step to a better management of patients recovering from coma...
  25. ncbi Sleep transforms the cerebral trace of declarative memories
    Steffen Gais
    Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Allée du 6 août 8, B30, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:18778-83. 2007
    ..Six months after learning, memories activated the mPFC more strongly when they were encoded before sleep, showing that sleep leads to long-lasting changes in the representation of memories on a systems level...
  26. ncbi Two distinct neuronal networks mediate the awareness of environment and of self
    Audrey Vanhaudenhuyse
    University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    J Cogn Neurosci 23:570-8. 2011
    ....
  27. ncbi Neural correlates of performance variability during motor sequence acquisition
    Geneviève Albouy
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, B30, Sart Tilman, B 4000, Liege, Belgium
    Neuroimage 60:324-31. 2012
    ..Our results suggest that these dynamic large-scale interactions represent a cornerstone in the implementation of consistent motor behavior in humans...
  28. ncbi Does sleep promote false memories?
    Annabelle Darsaud
    University of Liege, Belgium
    J Cogn Neurosci 23:26-40. 2011
    ..The data indicate that the early organization of memory during encoding is a major factor influencing subsequent production of accurate or false memories...
  29. ncbi Brain functional integration decreases during propofol-induced loss of consciousness
    Jessica Schrouff
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Neuroimage 57:198-205. 2011
    ..They stress the important role played by parietal and frontal areas in the generation of consciousness...
  30. ncbi Breakdown of within- and between-network resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity during propofol-induced loss of consciousness
    Pierre Boveroux
    Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Anesthesiology 113:1038-53. 2010
    ..Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging allows investigating whole-brain connectivity changes during pharmacological modulation of the level of consciousness...
  31. ncbi Interaction between hippocampal and striatal systems predicts subsequent consolidation of motor sequence memory
    Geneviève Albouy
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    PLoS ONE 8:e59490. 2013
    ..The latter process appears to be supported by a reorganisation of cerebral activity in hippocampo-neocortical networks after sleep...
  32. ncbi Brain connectivity in disorders of consciousness
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liège and CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, Liege, Belgium
    Brain Connect 2:1-10. 2012
    ..We will also discuss the relevance of the study of the level versus the contents of consciousness in this context...
  33. ncbi Identifying the default-mode component in spatial IC analyses of patients with disorders of consciousness
    Andrea Soddu
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Hum Brain Mapp 33:778-96. 2012
    ..We here aimed to identify the DMN in the challenging patient population of disorders of consciousness encountered following coma...
  34. ncbi "Relevance vector machine" consciousness classifier applied to cerebral metabolism of vegetative and locked-in patients
    Christophe L Phillips
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Neuroimage 56:797-808. 2011
    ..Therefore, RVM classification of cerebral metabolic images obtained in coma survivors could become a useful tool for the automated PET-based diagnosis of altered states of consciousness...
  35. ncbi Response to comment on "preserved feedforward but impaired top-down processes in the vegetative state"
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liège and CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, Liege, Belgium
    Science 334:1203. 2011
    ..We welcome the opportunity to provide more details about our methods and results and to resolve their concerns. We substantiate our interpretation of the results and provide a point-by-point response to the issues raised...
  36. ncbi Functional neuroanatomy underlying the clinical subcategorization of minimally conscious state patients
    Marie Aurelie Bruno
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Sart Tilman B30, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    J Neurol 259:1087-98. 2012
    ..MCS+ patients showed preserved metabolism and functional connectivity in language networks arguably reflecting some additional higher order or extended consciousness albeit devoid of clinical verbal or nonverbal expression...
  37. ncbi Hierarchical clustering of brain activity during human nonrapid eye movement sleep
    Melanie Boly
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:5856-61. 2012
    ..Such modifications in brain connectivity, possibly driven by sleep ultraslow oscillations, could hinder the brain's ability to integrate information and account for decreased consciousness during NREM sleep...
  38. ncbi Neuroimaging after coma
    Luaba Tshibanda
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University and University Hospital of Liège, Sart Tilman, B30 Liège, Belgium
    Neuroradiology 52:15-24. 2010
    ....
  39. ncbi The Fate of Incoming Stimuli during NREM Sleep is Determined by Spindles and the Phase of the Slow Oscillation
    Manuel Schabus
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege Liège, Belgium
    Front Neurol 3:40. 2012
    ..Altogether, our results emphasize the notion that spontaneous fluctuations of brain activity profoundly modify brain responses to external information across all behavioral states, including deep NREM sleep...
  40. ncbi Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging in coma survivors: promises and pitfalls
    Luaba Tshibanda
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, Belgium
    Prog Brain Res 177:215-29. 2009
    ..This review will focus on the interest of comatose patients MRI multimodal assessment with MRS and DTI. It will emphasize the advantages and pitfalls of these techniques in particular in predicting the coma survivors' outcome...
  41. ncbi Cognitive function in the locked-in syndrome
    Caroline Schnakers
    Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Belgium
    J Neurol 255:323-30. 2008
    ..Classically, communication remains possible by means of spared vertical eye movements and/or blinking. To allow assessing cognitive functions in LIS patients, we propose here a neuropsychological testing based on eye-coded communication...
  42. ncbi Neuroimaging activation studies in the vegetative state: predictors of recovery?
    Haibo Di
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liege, Belgium
    Clin Med 8:502-7. 2008
    ..The clinical application of these functional neuroimaging techniques awaits validation from ongoing multi-centric cohort studies in these challenging patients with chronic disorders of consciousness...
  43. ncbi Diagnostic accuracy of the vegetative and minimally conscious state: clinical consensus versus standardized neurobehavioral assessment
    Caroline Schnakers
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Belgium
    BMC Neurol 9:35. 2009
    ..In this study, we compared consensus-based diagnoses of VS and MCS to those based on a well-established standardized neurobehavioral rating scale, the JFK Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R)...
  44. ncbi Residual cognitive function in comatose, vegetative and minimally conscious states
    Steven Laureys
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Belgium
    Curr Opin Neurol 18:726-33. 2005
    ..In addition to novel behavioural 'consciousness-scales', the role of para-clinical markers of consciousness, such as event related potentials and functional neuroimaging is reviewed...
  45. ncbi Tracking the recovery of consciousness from coma
    Steven Laureys
    Cyclotron Research Center and Department of Neurology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    J Clin Invest 116:1823-5. 2006
    ..This case shows that old dogmas need to be oppugned, as recovery with meaningful reduction in disability continued in this case for nearly 2 decades after extremely severe traumatic brain injury...
  46. ncbi Measuring the fading consciousness in the human brain
    Melanie Boly
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liège and CHU Sart Tilman Hospital, Liege, Belgium
    Curr Opin Neurol 24:394-400. 2011
    ..Recent neuroimaging studies have provided novel insights on residual brain function in patients with disorders of consciousness, but also raised a number of ethical issues concerning the clinical management of these patients...
  47. ncbi What is it like to be vegetative or minimally conscious?
    Steven Laureys
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Curr Opin Neurol 20:609-13. 2007
    ..Here we review current possibilities and limitations of clinical and para-clinical assessment of chronic disorders of consciousness...
  48. ncbi Bispectral index correlates with regional cerebral blood flow during sleep in distinct cortical and subcortical structures in humans
    Q Noirhomme
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Arch Ital Biol 147:51-7. 2009
    ..Thus, although mainly derived from frontal EEG, BIS could represent a wider index of cerebral activity...
  49. ncbi Sleep-related hippocampo-cortical interplay during emotional memory recollection
    Virginie Sterpenich
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    PLoS Biol 5:e282. 2007
    ..After sleep deprivation, recollection of negative, potentially dangerous, memories recruits an alternate amygdalo-cortical network, which would keep track of emotional information despite sleep deprivation...
  50. ncbi Brain connectivity in pathological and pharmacological coma
    Quentin Noirhomme
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège Liège, Belgium
    Front Syst Neurosci 4:160. 2010
    ..These results suggest that conscious awareness critically depends on the functional integrity of thalamo-cortical and cortico-cortical frontoparietal connectivity within and between "intrinsic" and "extrinsic" brain networks...
  51. ncbi Brain function in the vegetative state
    Steven Laureys
    Cyclotron Research Center, Department of Neurology, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Acta Neurol Belg 102:177-85. 2002
    ....
  52. ncbi Orbitofrontal cortex involvement in chronic analgesic-overuse headache evolving from episodic migraine
    Arnaud Fumal
    Department of Neurology, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Brain 129:543-50. 2006
    ..The latter is known to occur in drug dependence and could predispose subgroups of migraineurs to recurrent analgesic overuse...
  53. ncbi Influence of anesthesia on cerebral blood flow, cerebral metabolic rate, and brain functional connectivity
    Vincent Bonhomme
    University Department of Anesthesia and ICM, CHR Citadelle, Belgium
    Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 24:474-9. 2011
    ..To describe recent studies exploring brain function under the influence of hypnotic anesthetic agents, and their implications on the understanding of consciousness physiology and anesthesia-induced alteration of consciousness...
  54. ncbi Voluntary brain processing in disorders of consciousness
    C Schnakers
    Coma Science Group, Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron, Sart Tilman, B30, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Neurology 71:1614-20. 2008
    ..In this study, we explored a new active evoked-related potentials paradigm as an alternative method for the detection of voluntary brain activity...
  55. ncbi Memory processing during human sleep as assessed by functional neuroimaging
    P Maquet
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Belgium
    Rev Neurol (Paris) 159:6S27-9. 2003
    ..These changes do not involve isolated brain areas but entire macroscopic cerebral networks. These data suggest a role for sleep in the processing of recent memory traces...
  56. ncbi Cerebral processing in the minimally conscious state
    S Laureys
    Cyclotron Research Center and Department of Neurology, University of Liege, Sart Tilman B30, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Neurology 63:916-8. 2004
    ..Cognitive potentials showed preserved P300 responses to the patient's own name...
  57. ncbi Diagnostic and prognostic use of bispectral index in coma, vegetative state and related disorders
    C Schnakers
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Belgium
    Brain Inj 22:926-31. 2008
    ....
  58. ncbi Regional organisation of brain activity during paradoxical sleep (PS)
    P Maquet
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, Belgium
    Arch Ital Biol 142:413-9. 2004
    ....
  59. ncbi Human cognition during REM sleep and the activity profile within frontal and parietal cortices: a reappraisal of functional neuroimaging data
    Pierre Maquet
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Lièege Sart Tilman, 4000 Liege, Belgium
    Prog Brain Res 150:219-27. 2005
    ....
  60. ncbi Neural correlates of consciousness during general anesthesia using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
    V Bonhomme
    University Department of Anesthesia and ICM, CHR Citadelle, Liege, Belgium
    Arch Ital Biol 150:155-63. 2012
    ..The link between the observations made using fMRI and the identified biochemical targets of hypnotic anesthetic agents still remains to be identified...
  61. ncbi A default mode of brain function in altered states of consciousness
    P Guldenmund
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center and Department of Neurolgy, University of Liege, Belgium
    Arch Ital Biol 150:107-21. 2012
    ..Functional brain imaging is currently being validated as a valuable addition to the standardized behavioral assessments that are already in use...
  62. ncbi Hemodynamic cerebral correlates of sleep spindles during human non-rapid eye movement sleep
    M Schabus
    Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liege, B 4000 Liege, and Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liege, Belgium
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:13164-9. 2007
    ..The recruitment of partially segregated cortical networks for slow and fast spindles further supports the existence of two spindle types during human non-rapid eye movement sleep, with potentially different functional significance...
  63. ncbi Festina lente: evidences for fast and slow learning processes and a role for sleep in human motor skill learning
    Pierre Maquet
    Cyclotron Research Centre, , Belgium
    Learn Mem 10:237-9. 2003
  64. ncbi Pain and non-pain processing during hypnosis: a thulium-YAG event-related fMRI study
    A Vanhaudenhuyse
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Belgium
    Neuroimage 47:1047-54. 2009
    ..Finally, we demonstrated hypnosis-related increases in functional connectivity between S1 and distant anterior insular and prefrontal cortices, possibly reflecting top-down modulation...
  65. ncbi [Behavioural assessment and functional neuro-imaing in vegetative state patients]
    A Vanhaudenhuyse
    Coma Science Group, Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron, ULg, Liege, Belgique
    Rev Med Liege 62:15-20. 2007
    ..Ongoing studies evaluate the prognostic value of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in these challenging patient populations...
  66. ncbi Different beliefs about pain perception in the vegetative and minimally conscious states: a European survey of medical and paramedical professionals
    A Demertzi
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Center and Neurology Department, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
    Prog Brain Res 177:329-38. 2009
    ....
  67. ncbi Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome
    S Laureys
    Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University of Liege, Belgium
    Arch Ital Biol 150:31-5. 2012
    ....
  68. ncbi [Life with Locked-In syndrome]
    M A Bruno
    Coma Science Group, Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron, Universite de Liege, Liege, Belgique
    Rev Med Liege 63:445-51. 2008
    ..However, preliminary data from chronic LIS survivors show a surprisingly preserved self-scored quality of life and requests of treatment withdrawal or euthanasia, though not absent, are infrequent...
  69. ncbi [Hypnosis and pain perception]
    A Vanhaudenhuyse
    Coma Science Group, Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron, Universite de Liege, Liege, Belgique
    Rev Med Liege 63:424-8. 2008
    ..Moreover, clinical studies in certain types of surgery (eg thyroidectomy, mastectomy and plastic surgery) have demonstrated that hypnosis may avoid general anesthesia...
  70. ncbi Detecting awareness in the vegetative state
    Adrian M Owen
    Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge CB2 2EF, UK
    Science 313:1402. 2006
    ..When asked to imagine playing tennis or moving around her home, the patient activated predicted cortical areas in a manner indistinguishable from that of healthy volunteers...
  71. ncbi Using functional magnetic resonance imaging to detect covert awareness in the vegetative state
    Adrian M Owen
    Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, England
    Arch Neurol 64:1098-102. 2007
    ....