Guntram Schernthaner

..To investigate whether visfatin concentrations are related to changes in body weight, this adipokine was measured in insulin-resistant severely obese patients before and after gastroplastic surgery...

..While diuretics and ss-blockers have a prodiabetic effect, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers may prevent diabetes more effectively than the metabolically neutral calcium channel blockers...

..The European GUIDE study is the first large-scale head-to-head comparison of two sulphonylureas designed for once-daily administration used under conditions of everyday clinical practice...

..Since many hypertensive patients are insulin-resistant and have an increased risk in developing type 2 diabetes, the protective effect of these classes of antihypertensive drugs might be explained by their antiinsulin-resistance effects...

..HbA1c reduction is similar after pioglitazone and metformin monotherapies, but differences in FPG, plasma lipids, and adverse effects between the two compounds may influence decision-making in individual prescribers...

..This study aimed to assess the relative contributions of postprandial and fasting glucose concentrations to overall hyperglycaemia...

..The present article represents the recommendations of the Austrian Diabetes Association for the treatment of hypertension in diabetic patients according to current scientific evidence...

..However, use of fibrates in combination with statins may pose an unacceptable risk of myopathy. Therefore, other strategies for combination therapy are needed to normalize lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome...

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..As specific agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, thiazolidinediones have also demonstrated protective effects on a variety of atherosclerosis biomarkers and surrogate measures of cardiovascular disease...

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..Future ongoing outcome studies in more than 50,000 patients will clarify whether new antidiabetic drugs--not inducing hypoglycemia or weight gain--will further improve the prognosis of T2DM patients...

..The liver-secreted protein Fetuin-A is elevated in insulin resistance, is an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes and is associated with atherosclerosis...

..The present study aims to study the level of YKL-40 in MO patients before and after weight loss as well as to investigate the relationship between YKL-40, IR, MCP-1, and obesity...

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..Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), indicating chronic subclinical inflammation, have been associated with features of the IRS and incident cardiovascular disease...

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..Albuminuria is an indicator of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM)...

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..The involvement of inflammatory mechanisms in GDM remains unclear. YKL-40 is a novel inflammatory marker that has been recently found to be associated with type 2 diabetes. This is the first study to investigate YKL-40 in GDM...

..Recent reports suggest a relationship between tHcy and ADMA. To evaluate the connection between ADMA and tHcy and macrovascular disease, we determined both risk factors in T2DM patients with and without macrovascular disease...

..We investigated whether gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with monocyte-chemoattractant-protein-1 (MCP-1) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), the functional relevant proteins in the inflammatory process...

..To investigate vasculogenic circulating progenitor cells (CPCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and mature EPCs in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR)...

..Pioglitazone has furthermore demonstrated numerous antiatherogenic effects in clinical and preclinical investigations...

..YKL-40 is also associated with both and elevated in nondiabetic vascular patients. We investigated YKL-40 and its association with vascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients with albuminuria...

..It is unlikely that HMW adiponectin has significant vasoprotective effects in these patients...

..006). Conclusions. These findings indicate an association between ADMA and DR in T2DM independent of macrovascular disease. This relationship is modified by GFR, the only parameter significantly related to DR in multivariate analysis...

..We hypothesized that ADMA predicts cardiovascular events and enhances risk prediction independent of established risk markers in patients with type 2 diabetes...

..In addition, ADMA might not only be a risk marker but also a causative factor for cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes the literature on the relationship between ADMA, cardiovascular disease and diabetes...

..001). In conclusion, visfatin is elevated in women with GDM and increases during the course of pregnancy as well as after delivery. Furthermore, visfatin shows no association with insulin and leptin in women with GDM...

..With regard to national and international guidelines, there is still a need to improve the clinical practice of lowering LDL-C for secondary prevention in high risk patients in Austria...

..The decrease of highly elevated ADMA concentrations in morbidly obese patients is paralleled by improvement of parameters associated with the metabolic syndrome after weight loss...

..In contrast, elevated fetuin-A is associated with cardiovascular events in non-renal patients. We investigated fetuin-A in patients with type 2 diabetes and peripheral arterial disease (PAD)...

..This study was designed to compare metabolic control with three daily injections of Humalog Mix50 or premixed human insulin 30/70 (30 % regular/70 % NPH) twice daily in accordance with normal prescription practice...

..As morbid obesity is closely associated with chronic inflammation and insulin resistance (IR), it was of interest to study sCD40L in patients with morbid obesity before and after massive weight loss induced by bariatric surgery...

..2%. An insulin therapy was initialised late, but was nevertheless effective as shown by comparable HbA1c values in patients with a diabetes duration of 4 to more than 15 years...

..This position paper summarises up the current evidence concerning this subject...

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..Furthermore, small increases of plasma creatinine from 88.4 microM to 115 microM, as well as systolic (19.3 kPa to 20.7 kPa) and diastolic (10.7 kPa to 11.3 kPa) blood pressures were observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)..

..Experimental in vivo and in vitro data suggest a role of YKL-40 in tissue remodeling. A disease modulating potency of YKL-40 was not investigated in peripheral arterial disease (PAD)...

..In addition, gliclazide MR shows the ability to inhibit key mechanisms in diabetic angiopathy, independently of glycemic control...

..As growth hormone (GH) excess can reduce insulin sensitivity, we examined the impact of previous acromegaly (AM) on glucose metabolism, lipid storage and muscular ATP turnover...

..Patients with morbid obesity (MO; body mass index > 40 kg m(-2)) suffer from an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, venous thromboembolism and all-cause mortality...

..Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) could be related to insulin resistance. We hypothesised that RBP4 is elevated in gestational diabetes...

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..The high prevalence of nocturnal non-dipping and glucose intolerance detected in this cohort might contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk of hypopituitary patients...

..Our study attempts to clarify the effect of improved metabolic control on platelet activation markers in patients with type-2 diabetes...

..To determine the relationship between ADMA, renal albumin excretion rate (AER) and cardiovascular risk, we studied 103 T2DM patients...

..We studied the concentrations of ADMA in hypopituitary patients with and without growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and in healthy subjects...

..Administration of bolus insulin after eating may be a useful therapeutic option for some patients. This 6-month, crossover study compared metabolic effects of routine use of preprandial vs. postprandial injection of bolus insulin lispro...

..CRP and resistin were not affected by rosiglitazone or FFAs. The acute increase in circulating adiponectin concentrations during acutely elevated FFA depends on PPAR gamma activation in healthy subjects...

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..01, p=0.9). From our data we conclude that in PW with the alanine substitution in the NBF-2 region, the insulin response of the pancreatic beta-cell after glucose intake is enhanced and does not correlate with actual BG levels...

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..30; p <0.01). In summary, we found significantly lower levels of SHBG in patients with GDM, especially in those who developed severe GDM and required insulin therapy during the last months of pregnancy...

..This paper critically assesses the basis of the ADA/EASD algorithm and the resulting tiers of treatment options...

..The present article represents the recommendations of the Austrian Diabetes Association and the Austrian Society for Nephrology for the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy...

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..Most patients with diabetes mellitus need antihypertensive combination therapies, whereby ACE-inhibitors or Angiotensin-II receptor antagonists should be first line drugs...

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..After 3 years of follow-up, we have concluded that the open surgical approach is an option in the management of renal complications in Erdheim-Chester disease...

..The absence of an effect of sex on GHRH stimulated GH responses in type I diabetes mellitus provides further evidence of an abnormal GH secretion in this disorder...

..Although peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) is significantly associated with elevated homocysteine levels, the clinical relevance of hyperhomocysteinaemia for the prevention and progression of PAOD is still unknown...

..Our data suggest an alteration of hypothalamic and/or pituitary regulation of GH secretion in patients with metastatic testicular cancer...

..e. Coxsackie virus protein P2-c) could be adopted. If all these interventions are not effective in the long term run, research should be concentrated on molecular approaches after improvement in gene transfer technology...

..Patients who had CKD and were treated with pioglitazone were less likely to reach a composite end point of all-cause death, MI, and stroke, independent of the severity of renal impairment...

..Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults is type 1 diabetes presenting as non-insulin dependent diabetes. One feature of the selection criteria is time independent of insulin treatment. We examine the validity of this criterion...

..The endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor asymmetrical dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) is associated with atherosclerosis and represents an independent marker for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality...

..Our aim, therefore, was to ascertain whether pioglitazone reduces macrovascular morbidity and mortality in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes...

..To investigate the tissue factor (TF) pathway in clinical obesity and associated metabolic syndrome...

..Diabetes is an important risk factor for stroke. We conducted analyses in patients who had entered the PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events (PROactive) with a history of stroke or without stroke...

..We therefore designed the DIabetic REtinopathy Candesartan Trials (DIRECT) Programme to assess whether candesartan could reduce the incidence and progression of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes...

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..Diabetic retinopathy remains a leading cause of visual loss in people of working age. We examined whether candesartan treatment could slow the progression and, secondly, induce regression of retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes...

..There was no correlation between diastolic BP and renal outcomes. We recommend a SBP target between 120 and 130 mmHg, in conjunction with blockade of the renin-angiotensin system, in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy...

..The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between fasting PYY, GLP-1, and weight status in morbidly obese patients before and after surgically induced weight loss...