C Langner

..If present, KIT may provide a suitable target for tumour therapy. In this study, we report the presence of KIT in primary and metastatic gallbladder carcinomas...

..Although the value of molecular genetic testing is limited due to the high number of possible gene mutations, polymerase chain reaction may be useful for the evaluation of family members of homozygous index patients...

..Further studies, however, are needed to substantiate our results...

..To determine the diagnostic and prognostic value of CD10 immunoreactivity in renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) and transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs)...

..In conclusion, p27 and Skp2 proved to be additional biomarkers in renal cancer pathology with both prognostic and diagnostic impact...

..To investigate HER2 (c-erbB-2) protein overexpression and HER2 gene amplification in upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) with respect to its association with tumor grade and stage, as well as the prognostic significance...

..001) to be independent predictors of patient outcome. In conclusion, AMACR expression correlated with advanced tumour stage and grade and may serve as an additional prognostic indicator in upper urinary tract urothelial cancer...

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..Presence (or absence) of vascular invasion should be commented upon separately in the pathology report...

..In contrast, the presence of squamous and/or glandular invasion did not prove independent influence on patient outcome. The pattern of invasion should be commented upon separately in the pathology report...

..p27 (p27/kip1) is involved in cell cycle control, and loss of p27 protein expression may result in tumor development and/or progression. The association of p27 with the ubiquitin ligase subunit Skp2 targets p27 for degradation...

..To assess whether heterogeneity of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) immunoreactivity in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is related to non-standardised criteria for staining evaluation...

..The recognition of IGF-IR as a new independent prognostic biomarker may help to identify patients who might benefit from adjuvant treatment...

..Granular cell tumors rarely occur within the gastrointestinal tract. Oesophagus and colon are most commonly affected. Diagnostic criteria and differential diagnosis of this peculiar lesion are thoroughly discussed...

..Tumour stage is the strongest prognostic parameter in colorectal cancer. The study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of pT2, pT3, and pT4 sub-classification...

..CONCLUSIONS: Decreased p63 immunoreactivity and p53 overexpression were significantly associated with advanced tumor stages and poor prognosis. However, neither parameter was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis...

..However, p53 immunoreactivity is a prognostic marker only for conventional RCC...

..In multivariate analysis, patients presenting with symptoms suspicious for cancer at the diagnosis of RCC had a 1.8-fold greater risk of dying of cancer compared with patients without symptoms...

..Laparoscopic surgery is effective for solitary cysts and in selected patients with polycystic liver disease (PLD). We present our experience in the laparoscopic management of dysontogenetic cysts...

..There is little information on the outcome of patients with congenital absence of the portal vein; only long-term follow-up investigations will provide answers to the numerous remaining questions...

..Clinical trials to evaluate a possible reduction of bladder cancer risk by intraoperative ureteric ligation and/or peri-operative topical intravesical chemotherapy instillation are justified...

..At presentation, the patient was asymptomatic, reported no weight loss and showed neither anaemia nor eosinophilia. He was cured with a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight praziquantel...

..When diverticulitis or diverticular abscess is suspected in an elderly patient, foreign body impaction or perforation should be considered as a possible cause...

..The stage, size, grade, and necrosis (SSIGN) score has been created as an outcome prediction tool for clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) using review pathology...

..The differential diagnosis should take gallstone ileus and ingestion of a foreign body into consideration. Initial therapy is nonoperative; if this management fails, surgery is indicated...

..Only symptomatic patients require treatment, which can be conservative or surgical, i.e. laparoscopic or conventional. We report the results of our experience in the surgical management of polycystic liver disease...

..Its presence is readily assessable in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and should therefore routinely be commented upon in the pathology report...

..Antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis is a distinct form of antibiotic-associated colitis in which Clostridium difficile is absent. Although the cause is not known, previous reports have suggested a role of Klebsiella oxytoca...

..In conclusion, the lesion was considered a benign endometrial stromal nodule with an unusual morphology and increased proliferation rate due to the hormonal stimuli of pregnancy...

..Viral serology should be routinely performed in these patients, especially when immunosuppressive therapy is given, to avoid delay in instituting adequate management and therapy...

..g. in needle biopsies), particularly in poorly differentiated cancers. Reduced expression of K20 may be used to select tumors for microsatellite instability testing...

..The present article provides detailed information on this cancer syndrome from the point of view of the pathologist as well as the human geneticist, focussing on the multidisciplinary management of affected patients...

..0001). In conclusion, MUC1 and E-cadherin are diagnostically and prognostically useful markers in renal tumor pathology, especially when cellular staining patterns are considered...

..We analyzed the prognostic impact of tumor necrosis with respect to metastasis-free survival...

..9%) and poorly differentiated (G1 and G2 100%; G3 92%) tumors. All RCCs were negative for p63. P63 proved to be a helpful tool, even in poorly differentiated and undifferentiated renal malignancies, to distinguish TCC from RCC...

..Since UCs with metaplastic morphology have been shown to be more resistant to conventional radiotherapy or chemotherapy, the strikingly strong EGFR expression in these tumours may offer a new perspective for affected patients...

..Moreover, the lack of substantial Kit immunoreactivity in both primary and metastatic carcinomas does not provide a rationale to investigate imatinib mesylate therapy in clinical trials including patients with advanced disease...

..In view of evolving targeted therapy concepts in colorectal cancer, widespread prolactin receptor expression may offer a therapeutic perspective in affected patients...

..The influence of human prolactin (hPRL) on the development of breast and other types of cancer is well established. Little information, however, exists on the effects of hPRL on squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHNs)...

..To investigate the incidence, clinical presentation and therapy of gastric metastases, an uncommon finding, in a large group of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC)...

..Thus, fascin may be a promising molecular target for future cancer therapy...

..Further studies are needed to evaluate whether TFF1 immunostaining can be used as a diagnostic tool to identify patients with a more favourable outcome...

..Hence, with respect to differential diagnostic value, Hale's colloidal iron stain and vimentin immunostaining are still the most useful tools in renal tumor pathology...

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..Complete resection was achieved, and the patient was well without evidence of tumor 6 years after surgery. Urologists should be aware of this entity, which should be included in the differential diagnosis of bladder tumors...

..We therefore aimed to test whether formation and hepatic retention of abnormal PC metabolites contribute to the pathogenesis of liver injury in Mdr2(-/-) mice...

..Steroid hormone receptor expression has an essential role in cancer of the prostate and breast but there is only limited experience with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), especially regarding prognostic and therapeutic impact...

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..In conclusion, the different expression pattern of MUC1 and MUC2 in salivary gland neoplasia may be of additional value for the classification of salivary gland tumors...

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..We hypothesized that colitis induces changes in bile composition via inflammation-induced reduction of hepatobiliary transporter gene expression, ultimately resulting in cholestasis and bile duct injury...

..We discuss the differential diagnosis of the tumour and perform a systematic literature review, including potential indications for renal tumour biopsy in patients with a history of nonrenal malignancy...

..By sequestering potentially harmful misfolded ubiquitinated proteins as inert cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (e.g., as MBs), p62 may be a major player in an important cellular rescue mechanism in oxidative hepatocyte injury...

..However, the identification of IGF-positive CRC might be beneficial for predictive reasons, as new molecular therapeutic approaches are aimed at the IGF system and related pathways...

..The differences in the hypermethylation spectrum of small bowel and stomach cancer indicate significant epigenetic differences between these tumors...

..4% in the group of cardia carcinomas and 8.6% in the group of gastric cancers. These results indicate that EBV infection plays no etiologic role in primary small bowel adenocarcinomas...